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EN
Status of municipal waste management in Poland requires decisive action in this regard. At present only a small percentage of wastes are utilized. In this state of affairs affects the low environmental awareness, lack of waste management plans in the municipalities, as well as the lack of installations for waste recovery and disposal. This article presents the most important legislation both at European and national level on waste management. Discusses the prospects for the energy use of waste particularly with firing and co-firing waste technology with heat recovery at the same time.
2
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USE OF OBSIDIAN IN SLOVAK PREHISTORY

100%
Študijné zvesti
|
2021
|
vol. 68
|
issue suppl. 2
231 - 250
EN
Obsidian near the Zemplín Hills comes from primary (Viničky) and secondary (Brehov and Cejkov) sources. In Viničky, primary sources of obsidian come from two phases of rhyolite volcanism. The older phase is represented by perlite breccias with obsidian found underneath rhyolite extrusive body, younger phase consists of obsidian and perlite bonded with intrusive dyke bodies.
3
75%
EN
Several glass artefacts dated to the La Tène period were excavated during the excavation seasons in 1936-1938, 1951-1953 and 1965-2003. The finds include four bracelets, twelve beads, ten ring necklaces, a glass vessel fragment (?) and three pieces of glass raw material. The artefacts are dated to the La Tène stages from LTC 1b to LTC 2, mostly to LTC 2-LTD 1. In addition to blue colour, one bracelet of 3a type was made of brown-purple glass that started to occur as late as in the LTD stage. The spectrum of finds is congruent (although in small number) with numerous other Late La Tène sites, where glass production is assumed.
EN
This paper presents the results of on-going study of La Tène household ceramics from Nitra-Mikov dvor. This paper focuses mainly on the ceramic raw material provenance, modelling techniques and firing conditions of the household ceramics. The results suggest that ceramics from petrographic group MD1 as well as MD2 were made from local raw materials including Upper Pleistocene and Quaternary fluvial deposits and also Quaternary deluvial deposits. The presence of low metamorphic rocks in group MD3 suggests that this ceramics were imported. The modelling techniques as well as the firing conditions are very variable within the petrographic groups. In general the thin-walled ceramics were made using potter wheel, whereas the thick-walled ceramics were hand made. The firing temperature was estimated between 700–800 °C for ceramics with anisotropic matrix and 800–900 °C for ceramics with isotropic matrix and partially decomposed calcite.
EN
The study presents results of the osteological analysis of pear- and ball-shaped artefacts found in the riders' graves from the Period of the Avar Khaganate, interpreted by J. Zabojnik as bludgeons. The main aim of the authoress' investigation was to identify the raw material of the available finds from the territory of Slovakia. The bludgeons from cemeteries in Bratislava, part Devinska Nova Ves-Tehelna (grave 28), Kosice, part Sebastovce-Lapise (grave 94), Cataj-Zemanske Gejzove (grave 148 a 252) and Velky Meder-Vamostelek (grave 25) have been studied. A macroscopic examination of the raw material suggested that all five specimens were made of antler or antler/bone (specimen from Devinska Nova Ves). The preference of using antler for manufacturing the similar artefacts was documented in other archaeological sites of nomadic or semi-nomadic people from the early Middle Age, although other kinds of the raw material of animal origin (ivory, bone) were observed in here as well.
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