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Zdaniem autora bezrobocie w Polsce ma charakter strukturalny i do jego stopniowej redukcji niezbędne jest wdrożenie rozwiązań systemowych, zmierzających przede wszystkim do wzrostu podaży miejsc pracy, jak również uelastycznienia rynku pracy oraz zwiększenia mobilności oraz poprawy kwalifikacji zawodowych osób poszukujących zatrudnienia. Autor podaje przykład państw UE, gdzie konsekwentna realizacja Europejskiej Strategii Zatrudnienia (European Employment Strategy - EES) przynosi wymierne efekty. Wymaga to jednak zawarcia swoistego paktu społecznego i porozumienia się rządu, Parlamentu, pracodawców oraz związków zawodowych w tej kwestii.
EN
The article is dedicated to the analyses of labour market in Poland and countries of the European Union. Presentation of the problem is started from description of scale of unemployment in Poland. Then the article presents reasons of this phenomena, indicating the following conditions: slowing down dynamic of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), entry of age-group of demographic explosion into group of working age population, small investment tendency, rationalisation of employment structure connected with increasing tendency of labour productivity, enhancement of international competitive of Polish economy, high foreign trade deficit, effects of technological progress and growth of labour productivity, high non-wage labour costs as well as small efficiency of fight against illegal employment. The author also describes situation of small and medium enterprises that are presently the biggest supply reservoir of work places. Within the framework of presentation of the problem of unemployment in countries of the European Union the article presents changes on labour market in 1993-2002, and effects and assumptions of the European Employment Strategy. (original abstract)
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