Search results - CEJSH

1

Today’s Truly Philosophical Philosopher of Religion

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Manolopoulos M.

Forum Philosophicum

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2011

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vol. 16

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issue 2

39-58

EN

What does it mean to be a truly philosophical philosopher of religion today? The paper proposes that the thinker of faith should pursue the following passions: (1) a passion for wonder and epistemic openness; (2) the desire for a rationality that exceeds narrow-minded hyper-rationalism; (3) an ecological pathos i.e. loving the earth; (4) a passion for self-development; and (5) thinking and participating in ethical political-economic transformation, a revolutionary passion. And so, today's truly philosophical philosopher of religion would pursue a cognitively rigorous, engaged, and experientially adventurous venture in thinking.

2

Naród, mniejszość, nacjonalizm, religia - przyczynek do dyskursu o pojęciach i powiązaniach między nimi

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Konarski W.

Forum Politologiczne

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2007

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vol. 5 - Narody XXI wieku

17-51

EN

The discussion about nation and ideas connected with it has a long tradition, tremendously multithreaded and varied in interpretations. We are practically unable of counting all attempts to create the definition of a nation. They are all more or less precise, for understandable reasons reflects their author's social and cultural experiences, reaching for specific metaphors, and sometimes being a form of intellectual provocation. A conception of a nation is strongly tied to the category of minority, especially the ethnic minority. Both those definitions are often used in turns. A very interesting issue is analyzing the connections between nationalism and religion.

3

Czech Sacred Places in Texas as the Key Element for Preserving Czech Identity

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Perutka L.

Review of International American Studies

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2023

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vol. 16

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issue 1

115-142

EN

The process of Czech and Moravian immigration to Texas is a well-known phenomenon. Since 1848, tens of thousands decided to cross the ocean to seek a better future in the “Lone Star state.“ Although their history is well documented, there are still themes to be explored. Their religious activity and the connection it has created with their metropolis is one of them. The church and its institutions sent priests to America to attend to the immigrants in their mother tongue and helped them preserve their cultural identity. Furthermore, they organized the construction of their sacred places that would remind the parishioners of their home country. One example could be the famous painted churches still present in Texas today. This topic has not received proper attention from historians because it requires studying sources on both sides of the Atlantic. The presented contribution tries to change this unflattering fact using the microhistorical approach. Its aim is threefold. First, explain the historical dimension of the religious connection between the Czech and Moravian immigrants in Texas with their metropolis. Second, describe the sacred places of the immigrants, how they were built, what role they played in their everyday life, and how they established a bond with their country of origin. Third, what importance did the sacred places of the Czechs and Moravians have in preserving their language and cultural identity? The microhistorical approach demands the use of various and fragmented sources, and this study will be no exception. It will use archive material from Austria and the Czech Republic, principally the funds of the religious organizations that supported the immigrants in Texas, such as the Leopoldine Society. Furthermore, the article will use published contemporary personal recounts and secondary literature. The content of these sources will be critically analysed to answer the research questions and hopefully contribute to the theme of religion and its invaluable role in an immigrant society.

4

The relations among well-being outcomes, religiosity, and personality

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Aghababaei N., Błachnio A., Arji M., Chiniforoushan M., Mohammadtabar S.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2015

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vol. 46

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issue 3

460-468

EN

A major focus of attention in psychology has been on the consequences and determinants of well-being. Religiosity and personality have both been shown to predict mental health and well-being, but the two predictors have not often been investigated together. In 4 studies involving 7 surveys (total N = 1,530) in various social and religious contexts, the relations among well-being, religious orientation, and personality factors were studied. Results showed that Extraversion was the single strongest correlate of higher levels of subjective and psychological well-being. Religiosity had null or weak positive relationships with well-being, and managed to explain variance in some aspects of positive functioning beyond personality factors. The null or week relationship of religiosity with well-being beyond personality was consistent across the HEXACO and the Big Five models of personality structure. It has been suggested that religion is relatively more important for eudaimonic than for hedonic way of living.

5

Right to Freedom of Religion: A Gendered Difference

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Stuart A.

Journal of Gender and Power

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2015

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vol. 3

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issue 1

25-66

EN

This article critically analyses European jurisprudence to ascertain the extent to which the right to freedom of religion has been interpreted as a right of religion to internal autonomy. It asserts that women are being denied an effective right to freedom of religion insofar as they are unable to directly influence the content or structure of their religion. It argues that to fulfil women's equal right to freedom of religion, women's power and position within religion must be equivalent to men's. It therefore asserts that an intrinsic part of States' obligation to secure the right to freedom of religion is the facilitation of gender equality within religion. The article culminates by proposing proportionate and appropriate methods to facilitate gender equality within religion.

6

Nationalistic, Religious and Civil Components of Identity in Post-Soviet Georgia

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Chelidze A.

International Journal of Area Studies

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2014

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vol. 9

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issue 2

113-133

EN

Deep economic and democratic changes in Georgian society in last 20 years have conditioned the transformation of social environment in such a way that people had to change their views on society and their place in the new social environment. Changing attitudes on social reality affected and transformed the whole system of social identity. Transformation processes were characterized with reduced trust and tolerance among people and different social groups and with increase/weakening of different aspects of basic identities. Difficulties emerging from the process of formation of identity system hinder the development integration processes in the society. For the society in transition in the conditions of normative uncertainty and devaluation of values actuality of such problems as are the lack of trust on every level of relationship and disorientation of people, is of high importance. Our starting issue is that nowadays in the framework of construction of social identity basic identity encompasses civil, national, confessional, ideological elements which determine the state of a person in the system of social coordinates. The subject of this sociological research was to study the role of religion and ethnicity in the modern configuration of identity in Georgian society.

7

Religijne źródła troski o stan zdrowia środowiska przyrodniczego

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Sadowski R. F.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2013

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vol. 33

81-93

EN

The present state of the environment forces us to find any possible allies in the fight against the ecological crisis. It is religions that are new and important allies in this fight. Religions contribute to shaping ecological attitudes in multiple ways. Statistical research shows that a large proportion of the human population is religious, and finds religion an important part of its everyday life. Thus, the involvement of religious leaders in fostering concern for the environment could be a vital factor bringing about changes in people’s attitudes toward the environment. Furthermore, religions are helpful in analyzing the causes of the ecological crisis; they strengthen the case for environmental protection, and engage in environmental projects and lobbying for the environment.

8

Religion and Democracy: Points of Agreement, Points of Controversy

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Marczewska–Rytko M.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2009

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vol. 38

90-103

EN

Introductorily, it should be observed that the discussed problem’s significance is increasingly pressing as our interest drifts towards societies dominated by great, universalizing religions Islam being only one of them. From the above, a question arises of whether the notions of religion and democracy, as mentioned in the title, are reconcilable within a single order in the first place. In his deliberations, Bohdan Chwedeńczyk inclines to the view that three types of relations may be distinguished in this respect: religion favours democracy; is indifferent to democracy; or is harmful to democracy. The discussion of the above opinion has, respectively, developed threefold. In one point of view, religion is by nature contradictory to the democratic order, it is in a sense its direct opposite. In other words, we face a choice of opting either for religion or democracy. Supporters of an alternative viewpoint claim that in the long run, a democratic system is not viable without the basis of notions such as religion, and therefore religion does play a vital part in the social order. It serves members of the public by satisfying those of their needs that do not belong to the scope of duties performed by the state and its institutions. Finally, the third approach basically acknowledges the fact that no definitive claims can be made as to the possibility of agreement between religion and democracy. I must admit that the latter is closest to my personal stance in this respect. Naturally, through careful selection of examples, arguments to support the first or the second of the mentioned opinions can be easily produced. There have been numerous examples of academic and journalistic articles advocating one of the clear-cut standpoints, which seem not to leave much room for discussion. However, the issue becomes far more multifarious when taking into account the complexity of religious and political issues analysed in both theoretical and practical perspective.

9

The Japanese Way of Becoming an Artist and its ‘Religious’ Connotations. A Case Study of Teshigawara Saburō

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Kowalczyk B.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2013

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issue 26

174-185

EN

In Japan it is often the case that the process of mastering a profession, especially in the field of traditional arts and crafts, proceeds through a close relationship with one’s master (sensei), who embodies an abstract ideal of a certain art, as well as concrete methods and rules indispensable to perform that art as a profession and to attain success in one’s career. A ‘proper’ relationship with one’s master and a given artistic milieu, hard work, effort and sacrifice certainly pay off. Nevertheless, some Japanese artists, regardless of the linguistic and cultural gaps, take the risk of deciding to pursue their professional career outside Japan. Based on an informal, semi-structured individual interview with the artist Teshigawara Saburō, this paper will examine a professional career of the dancer, who claims to have walked his artistic way (dō) alone, (in)dependently of the so-called community of Japanese artists. Analysing a traditional path to artistic success, which partly derives from the ethical and philosophical teachings of Confucius, I will discuss an alternative to the above-mentioned tradition. Namely, I shall argue that it is possible to become an established Japanese artist outside of the system, working as an outsider, an immigrant or an ‘other’.

10

Ježíšovi učedníci na cestě k pokoji mezi národy: K dokumentu MTK o náboženském násilí

100%

Opatrný D.

Studia theologica

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2014

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vol. 3

49-54

EN

The article deals with the newest document of the International Theological Commission “God the Trinity and the Unity of Humanity. Christian Monotheism and its Opposition to Violence”. Concretely, its use of the Bible is analyzed. The document focuses, on the one hand, on the most important biblical message: God initially offers salvation to Israel, and consequently to the whole of humankind; he overcomes the law of revenge through the cross of Jesus Christ and does so without compromising truth and justice. It discusses, on the other hand. the violence in the Old Testament too superficially and completely neglects all controversial pericopes of the New Testament (e.g. the cleansing of the Temple, the prophecy about bringing fire to the earth). If the International Theological Commission does not deal with these issues, it risks a criticism of being too eclectic and presenting Christianity in an embellished, but unreal way.

11

The “Christian Spirit” of Capitalism and the Protestant Reformation, between Structuralist Analysis and Historical Evidence

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Plopeanu A.-P.

Human and Social Studies

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2016

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vol. 5

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issue 3

117-132

EN

For many reasons, it is true that the Protestant Reformation unleashed the forces that lay behind the emergence of capitalism. Such a system was compatible with the emancipation of individuals, their mentalities, due to specific societal reforms and transformations. Therefore, it gave birth, in an unprecedented way, to a “new form of capitalism”. But the main idea I want to stress in this article is that the capitalist ethos was present before the Reformation, many centuries ago, in what is called now the “Christian spirit”. In this direction, I emphasize many theories which disagree with the Weber’s well-known thesis about the relation between capitalism and religion, especially when it comes to generalize a particular result that is both theologically vague and empirically disprovable.

12

Fragmenty rodiny a manželstva

88%

Tománek P.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 3(22)

181-202

EN

The family upbringing is thus increasingly suffering from permanent development and innovation, not only in society, but especially families. Why? Probably also because the traditional family model has appeared so he mocked that show lack of pragmatic family and social networks. Acceleration time is felt more and more. Being demolished relations is atomized families. We are seeing new types of family life, such as single, mingle, patchwork families, gay families, and so on. More young heterosexual couples does not enter into a marriage, because marriage is considered unnecessary formalities with the statement that “do not need a paper that they love!”

13

Kresťanský element v slovenskom straníckom systéme po parlamentných voľbách 2020

88%

Štefančík R., Stradiotová E.

Studia theologica

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2021

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vol. 1

183-206

EN

This article deals with the issue of Christianity in Slovak party politics. The authors classify the Slovak political parties that use topics related to Christianity, religion or the Catholic Church in their communication strategies or in programme documents. They conclude that the issue of Christianity is often discussed not only by Christian Democrats, but also by other types of political parties. Although issues associated with Christianity and the values of the Catholic Church arise both in the party family of the Conservative parties, right‑wing extremists also use this issue in their communication strategies.

14

THE IDEA OF MAN AND DIVINITY IN ANTIQUITY PART II: Articles: Are there reasons to formulate the supposition that Moses suffered from epilepsy?

88%

Kostro L.

Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica

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2014

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vol. 15(4)

EN

There are relatively few psycho-biographical researches on Moses, the founder of mosaicreligion. This paper is a trial to write an outline of a psycho-biography of this great historicalfigure, whose personality still exercises a great impact on believers of contemporaryJudaic religion. Biblical, historical, psychological and medical reasons will be presented toformulate the supposition that Moses suffered from epilepsy.

15

Goddess Venus on Julia Domna’s coins. The Political Use of the Coinage of an Augusta of the Severan Dynasty

88%

CONESA NAVARRO P. D., SMYK A.

Historia i Świat

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2022

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issue 11

175-200

EN

In this paper we aim to study the monetary examples of Venus dedicated to Julia Domna. The goddess appears in the numismatic records with a series of epithets and although they were initially created with specific connotations, they evolved and were widely employed on the coins of imperial women. The social and political context encouraged some types to be produced more than others at certain times. This is precisely one of the most important aspects that will be reflected upon in this study. Beyond responding to virtues related to the conjugal or maternal sphere, the policy developed by Septimius Severus and continued by his son Caracalla may have been decisive in encouraging the creation of certain coin types in order to transmit a message that was convenient for the state apparatus.

16

Turning Religious Values into Law Through the Language of Human Rights: Legal Ethics and the Right to Life Under the European Convention on Human Rights

88%

Kirchner S.

Baltic Journal of Law & Politics

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2012

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vol. 5

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issue 1

70-98

EN

In a globalized world in which different cultures and religions intermingle and live in close proximity to one another, there are hardly any truly mono-religious states any more. At the same time mainstream politics has become significantly secularized in most of Europe. This has implications for the way the role of religiously motivated values are perceived in the context of making and interpreting legal rules. Seen from a specifically Catholic perspective, this article investigates whether it is morally licit to import (religiously motivated moral) values into law. Looking at the moral fundament of the European Convention of Human Rights and at the issue of the right to life of unborn children, the relationship between justice and faith is investigated.

17

IDEA CZŁOWIEKA I BÓSTWA W STAROŻYTNOŚCI CZĘŚĆ II: Czy istnieją podstawy, by sądzić, że Mojżesz chorował na epilepsję?

88%

Kostro L.

Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica

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2014

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vol. 15(4)

PL

Istnieje stosunkowo niewiele badań psychobiograficznych dotyczących założyciela religiimozaistycznej, Mojżesza. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę szkicu psychobiograficznego tejwielkiej postaci historycznej, której osobowość nadal wywiera wielki wpływ na wyznawcówjudaizmu. Zostaną w nim przedstawione racje biblijne, historyczne, psychologicznei medyczne stanowiące podstawę dla sformułowania domniemania, iż Mojżesz doświadczałzaburzeń epileptycznych.

18

Science and Religion as Conceptual Schemes

88%

Marsonet M.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2012

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issue 05

17-25

EN

It is claimed sometimes that science on the one hand, and metaphysics and religion on the other, are incompatible conceptual schemes, in the sense that their statements are not inter-translatable. Our view, instead, is that science and religion deal with fundamentally diverse aspects of human experience. This means that, when each field stays within its proper domain, they can get along without problems. We must deny the still popular opinion that science is the only instrument which allows us to know nature. And we must also question the idea that science has acquired the exclusive right to speak about nature by progressively expelling metaphysics from the field. In order to do this one should, however, reject the neo-positivist characterization of the relations among science, metaphysics, theology and religion.

19

Teologie nových náboženských hnutí v díle Johna A. Saliby

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Franc J.

Studia theologica

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2014

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vol. 3

55-71

EN

The paper deals with the phenomenon of new religious movements from the perspective of the theology of John Albert Saliba, SJ. The paper presents in a short survey the main theses of the author and his pastoral recommendations. Saliba’s interpretation of New religious movements as “signs of the times” (Gaudium et spes 4) is considered as an inspiration for the Christian Churches in the Czech Republic.

20

Kształcenie religijne. rozważania na temat rozróżnienia między koncepcjami fundamentalnymi i fundamentalistycznymi

88%

Benner D.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2010

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vol. 27

191-202

EN

After the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001, social debate on the topic of religion boiled up anew. This was provoked by the terrorists themselves, who justified their actions giving religious reasons. On this backdrop, the author of the articles considers how to distinguish fundamental from fundamentalist approaches. As an educational theorist, he emphasises that people are „doomed” to Divine revelation in the same way that God could reveal Himself only to humanity – teachable beings. Thus, in his opinion religion is a specific form of human activity (praxis) in which and through which the person gives expression to his own serendipitous existence by developing a „religious musicality” within himself. This phrase means that each individual is given a feeling of „absolute dependence” (F. Schleiermacher) on God. On this basis, the individual as a thinking being, active and reflective, should do „everything accompanied by religion, and nothing because of religion” (F. Schleiermacher). According to the author it is precisely this criterion which allows the distinction between fundamental and fundamentalist attitudes.

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