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PL
The Republic of South Africa has been recently recognized as the world’s “most unequal state in terms of wealth and income distribution”. The Gini coefficient for wealth distribution in South Africa stands at 0.96%, which perfectly reflects the total coefficient of wealth distribution across the globe. The purpose of the article is to answer the question of how inequalities inherited from the apartheid period were even further aggravated after 1994.
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Droga ku wielojęzyczności RPA

80%
EN
After the rule of apartheid ended in 1994, the new government of the Republic of South Africa made a substantial change in language policy by giving an official status to eleven languages spoken in the country. Besides English and Afrikaans, nine more indigenous African Bantu languages were officially recognised. Such an extensive multilingual policy is unique in the world and although very progressive, presents a serious challenge to the system of education. The article touches upon the linguistic situation in the Republic of South Africa, the distribution and popularity of various languages and the topic of how the new policy has been implemented in the sector of education.
PL
Praca prezentuje analizę ruchu turystycznego RPA. W tym celu przedstawiono jego uwarunkowania, zbadano wielkość ruchu turystycznego (stosując wskaźnik Deferta) oraz zbadano intensywność ruchu turystycznego (za pomocą wskaźnika Schneidera). RPA jest krajem bardzo atrakcyjnym turystycznie. Na wyjątkową atrakcyjność turystyczną składają się zarówno walory przyrodnicze, bogate i różnorodne dziedzictwo kulturowe jak i dobrze rozwinięty przemysł turystyczny. Pomimo położenia z dala od grupy krajów rozwiniętych RPA jest krajem chętnie odwiedzanym przez Europejczyków. Spośród turystów europejskich najliczniej do RPA przybywają obywatele z Wielkiej Brytanii oraz Niemiec. Dużą grupę stanowią także turyści z USA. Jednak zdecydowanie większa liczba turystów zagranicznych pochodzi z krajów sąsiadujących z RPA.
EN
The work presents an analysis of South African tourism. To illustrate its determinants, the volume of tourist traffic (using the Defert index) and the intensity of tourist traffic (using the Schneider index) were examined. South Africa is a very attractive tourist destination. The unique attractiveness of tourism consists of both natural values, rich and varied cultural heritage as well as a well-developed tourism industry. Despite its location away from the group of developed countries, it is a country frequented by Europeans. Out of the European tourists, most of the tourists come to South Africa from the United Kingdom and Germany. There is also a large group of tourists from the US. However, a significantly larger number of foreign tourists come from the neighboring countries of South Africa.
EN
The article presents the history of shaping of the political system and constitutional bodies in Republic of South Africa.  This country has undergone a political transformation.  Long lasting ruling of the white population and discrimination of black people during the apartheid period caused many law acts being issued against the indigenous population.  The author presents the history and stages of in building a democratic state.  It needs to be pointed out that the reforms were carried out in a peaceful and compromise manner.  The article also discusses the presentation of constitutional organs of the state system and  their most important characteristics and the way they function in Republic of South Africa were made.
PL
The article presents the history of shaping the political system and constitutional bodies in the Republic of South Africa. This country has undergone a political transformation. Extending ruling by the white population and discrimination of black people during the apartheid period led to increased persecution of the indigenous people. The author presents the history and stages involved in building a democratic state. Reform was carried out peacefully and through compromise. The article also discusses the development of constitutional rights, their most essential characteristics, and how they function in the Republic of South Africa.
EN
The leadership qualities of political leaders in Africa are often characterized by historical and cultural determinants. It is a popu¬lar thought that the continent suffers from the crisis of leadership or lack of “good leaders”. The analyzed examples of two eminent South African politicians J. Smuts and N. Mandela represent a departure from this idea. Their respective political leadership styles and abilities stem from their particular personal traits and education. They are considered to be role models owing to their comportment and achievements. The role and influence of J. Smuts and N. Mandela on the situations in RSA and Africa as a whole cannot be overstated.
EN
At the beginning of the paper very brief history of contemporary South African foreign policy is presented (period of apartheid and transition) and fundamental changes of the goals of South African foreign policy after 1994 are also depicted. The analysis is focused on engagement of the RSA in Africa and especially in Southern Africa in the context of peace and security. Special attention is drawn into South African activities in the United Nation's and African Union's peace-making and peace-building operations as well as peace negotiations of the South African presidents: Nelson Mandela, Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma. Also the RSA efforts for global peace and security are taken into account.
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