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EN
The aim of the article is to introduce contemporary Russian discussion on the USSR and Russia in broader political and publicist context. Both positive and negative interpretations of the Russian/Soviet history will be presented. The text does not pretend to provide exhaustive list of the particular “schools” and “movements” nor does it offer historical dynamics or institutional background of the discussion. The author rather intends to single out certain basic schemes and arguments that circulate in the discussions, place them in broader frames and anticipate their potential political consequences. Particularly, the text concentrates on various versions of the patriotic thinking that has been receiving broad popularity in today Russia. As the author is convinced, due familiarity with the contemporary Russian debate may help to better understand Russian internal as well as foreign policy nowadays: as it becomes clear, rise of patriotism in academia, society and politics are inseparable phenomena. Secondly, some of the arguments promoted by the contemporary Russian authors may enrich Western (non-Russian) sovietology and debate on socialist experiments as such. Last but not least, both content and form of the Russian academic discussion convincingly point at cultural conditionality of social and historical sciences. To some extent the discussion reminds perpetual Russian debate on national identity; cardinally new context in which it takes place however justifies attention paid to it.
PL
The article is focused on Sir Thomas Smythe’s Voiage and Enterteinment in Rushia (London, 1605, 4to) - an example of a ‘diplomatic travelogue’ which mainly covers the official part of the mission. Using the principles of discourse analysis, the author focuses on ideological and cultural prejudices which, though hidden, shape the ambassador’s perception of Muscovite court, bureaucracy, the country as such as well as the ultimate goals and limits of the diplomacy. According the travelogue, while equipped with practical knowledge English bureaucracy searches for new partners to bolster its economy, the art of husbandry, while the Muscovite one is still on the medieval level and remains 'theatrical', i.e. to impress the foreigners with the might and glory of the Russian tzar.
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