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1

THE THIRD GENDER FROM A MULTI-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

100%
Arcimowicz K.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2006
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vol. 50
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issue 4
87-106
EN
The paper examines alternative forms of gender in five contemporary societies: hijra in India, fa'afafine from Samoa, kathoey in Thailand, travesti in Brazil, and xanith in Oman. The term 'third gender' refers to males fulfilling roles which are traditionally connected with femininity, as well as looking like and behave like women, while being neither a man nor a woman. What is of importance is that the term 'third gender' may also be linked with alternative models of femininity, but in this paper they are not analyzed. The author focus on several relatively well-documented patterns of transgender men. These forms of gender diversity come from cultures in which the following religions dominate: Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity. His main aim is to show that modern Western sex and gender ideologies which are based on binary opposites - man vs. woman, masculinity vs. femininity, heterosexuality vs. homosexuality - are not universal. The anthropological perspective makes it clear that there are many different ways of creating gender and sexuality. The examples of gender diversity in this article encourage us to rethink our understanding of what is normal and natural.
2

Hysteria: the 'other language' of femininity?

100%
Dybel P.
Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)
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2006
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issue 6(102)
123-136
EN
This article attempts at showing a characteristic evolution of perception of the genealogy of female hysteria within the confines of psychoanalytical tradition. Starting from Freud's approach where hysteria was unambiguously associated with female sexuality, contestable attempts at 'rehabilitating' the latter made by Horney or Klein, through to Lacan's, Irigaray's or Kristeva's concepts, each of whom, in his or her peculiar way, tries to evade both the simplifications of a Freudian patriarchalism and a biologism like the one represented by the author of Female Sexuality. What all those concepts or approaches have in common is their failure at completely overcoming the identification of hysteria with the 'nature' of femininity, although they seek to draw dissimilar consequences from it. The question is whether one should rather radically break with such identification, rather than see a 'different language' of femininity in hysteria?
3

IL LUOGO DEL CORPO NELLA RICERCA DELLA NATURA UMANA

100%
Kucharčík R.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2016
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vol. 15
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issue 2
19 – 26
EN
The topic of the article is the place of human body in the discussion of discovering the answer to the question of human identity. It refers to the body, determined by sexuality, as a key to understanding the purpose and meaning of human existence. Through the original experience of solitude, unity and nakedness, Adam reveals the nuptial meaning of the body – that human person in the words of GS 24 “cannot fully find himself except through a sincere gift of himself.” These reflections lead us to the question of relatedness of human nature.
4
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Touhy a slasti těla. Poznámky k sexualitě 19. věku a jejím pramenům

100%
Lenderová M.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2012
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vol. 110
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issue 3-4
728-737
EN
For the entire “lengthy” 19th century “procreation” was seen as the only possible motivation for sexual intercourse, although there was a shift of emphasis in the last decades of the 19th century against a background of the attempts to legitimise prostitution and the fight against the spread of sexual diseases. A greater openness with regard to the issues of sexuality was, at the same time, one of the manifestations of the secularization of society. The reflection of these changes, which should not be overestimated, manifested itself in both serious academic and popular journalism.
5

Scorn and Desire towards the 'Strangers'. On Imaginary Filth in Polish Literature

88%
Kitlinski T., Lockard J.
Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)
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2007
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issue 6(108)
219-229
EN
The text explores the representation of Jews, women and gays in Polish literature. Writers return to images of us as over-sensualised, offal-smeared dirt. Scorn and desire alike, the Kristevan abject is evoked. Where humans are 'filth', social systems of degradation are constructed to maintain the barrier between imagined purity and imagined contamination. The idea of barriers against 'filth' haunts repeatedly and invokes 'dirty sexuality', from which it emerged. The text traces anti-Semitism and other phobias from the Polish Enlightenment (the recent research of M. Janion is crucial here) to today's Poland where abjection re-appeared in the attacks against C. Milosz, just after his death in 2004, accused of being a 'friend of Jews and sodomites'. The article is an extensively revised and updated version of 'Brief Polish Literary History of Cleanliness and Filth' in: 'Polish Garbage and Dreck-Heroes', Bad Subjects, Issue 55, May 2001, http://bad.eserver.org/issues/2001/55 - 65k.
6
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Diskurs rizika v prevenci AIDS/ HIV

88%
Kolarova K.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2009
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vol. 10
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issue 1
16-25
EN
This text presents an analysis of the recent emphasis in HIV/AIDS prevention campaigns: the discursive constructions of HIV/AIDS as an issue of risk and its management. Specifically, the text discusses the prevention materials produced by state-funded institutions in the Czech Republic. The aim of the text is twofold: First, it analyses the specific discourse (and rationality) of risk that permeates HIV/AIDS prevention in relation to and as a part of modern biopolitics and (self-)governance. Second, the text examines the discourse of risk for its gendered implications and its re-inscription of gendered power inequalities.
7
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SEXUALITY IN JUDAISM. ANALYSIS OF SELECTED RELIGIOUS RULES DEFINING SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR (Seksualnosc w judaizmie z perspektywy psychologicznej. Analiza wybranych przepisów religijnych regulujacych zachowania seksualne)

88%
Arcimowicz B.
Lud
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2009
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vol. 93
141-158
EN
Any discussion of the factors determining people's sexual behaviour should take into account the cultural context in which such behaviour is exhibited. When a researcher or therapist disregards this context, his/her inference lacks important input data. Psychologists, who study human beings, are frequently accused of ignoring the cultural context. However, development of such areas as psychology of culture and intercultural psychology helps to change this approach. More and more often psychologists look for an answer to the most important question - 'why does somebody behave in this particular way?' and they study human behaviour 'with culture in the background'. Researchers, who try to include culture in studies on individual sexual behaviour encounter the barrier of their own ethnocentrism and often that of the lack of knowledge about the rules of sexuality existing in traditions other than their own. Knowledge of these norms helps them better understand the diversity of sexual behaviour, the diversity of taboo areas. It also helps them to look at their own, culturally conditioned sexual behaviour reflexively. In this article the authoress presents the cultural context of some sexual behaviour in Judaism (e.g. related to marriage, birth control, homosexual practices).
8

Kobiece ciało przez pryzmat twórczości Aleksandra Kuprina

88%
Bielniak N.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
279-288
EN
Aleksandr Kuprin’s prose has become a part of literary and cultural-philosophical discourse at the turn of the 19th/20th centuries. At that time showing sexual and corporeal nature, also the one of the woman, was the main manner to portray oneself and the times. The writer describes a wide range of representatives of the fair sex in his works. Woman’s body is seen in a multidimensional way by the writer. It enables him to answer important questions, among others on the meaning of life and death. Moreover, woman’s body, its beauty or ugliness is a point of departure for deliberations on family, woman’s place, roles and rights in society at that time, as well as for sexual and material emancipation of women, an ideal of feminine beauty along with relativity of beauty and ugliness. It also forms the basis for criticism of bourgeois culture with its double morality, which, while exposing the woman to the process of socialization, incapacitated her and made her a movable property of her father first and then her husband, furthermore depriving her of the right to express her own sexuality.
9
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NON-PARTICIPATION OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS: SEXUAL AND BODILY OTHERNESS ON THE MARGIN OF PUBLIC INTEREST (Nazorova neparticipacia: sexualna a telesna inakost na okraji zaujmu)

88%
Bianchi G., Luha J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2010
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vol. 42
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issue 5
548-563
EN
The paper presents a non-conventional approach to non-participation in survey-respondents' behaviour. The topic of the analysis is the attitudes to certain minorities in the population - sexual minorities, people with body and mental handicap. These sexual and bodily forms of otherness are being discussed in the conceptual framework of cultural and intimate citizenship. Empirical data indicate a significantly higher incidence of respondents' refusal to answer questions concerning conditions, chances and needs of citizens with above mentioned otherness - as compared to assessing conditions of other minorities; simultaneously, claims for help from the society are significantly less acknowledged for these groups. A demographic profile of the most frequently 'refusing' respondents is characteristic by certain education, age and residence size. Results are discussed in the context of the overall value-background in Slovakia, its political development, and current discourses on sexual and bodily otherness.
10

„DUHÉ POHLAVIE“ A PRÍSPEVOK SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR DO DISKUSIE O TELESNOSTI A SEXUALITE

88%
Krištofová L.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2008
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vol. 63
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issue 6
488-498
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the fundamental ideas of S. de Beauvoir's 'The Second Sex', which led to the conception of the gender and sex and made opening an intensive discussion of sexuality, corporeality and heteronormativity outside the mainstream philosophy, i.e. in feminist philosophy, possible. There were many responses to S. de Beauvoir's conception by feminist authors, such as Judith Butler and Monique Wittig, who discredit the facticity of corporeality and sex, defended by S. de Beauvoir.
11

Тело, телесность и авторский стиль Валерии Нарбиковой

88%
Maeda S.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
399-405
EN
Contemporary Russian writer Valerija Narbikova, who published her first novel in 1988, is regarded as one of the best representatives of the so-called “another prose,” which became a new trend in Russian literature of the eighties. The destruction of literature norm became a characteristic of “another prose”: the writers were not interested in heroes anymore but rather in the ordinary people with their daily routine and everyday problems. Many Soviet people tried to escape from their absurd lives going to the theater and cinema, and reading books. The writers of the eighties who were deconstructing the Soviet “reality” became a kind of revelation for many of those people. Narbikova thought that Soviet actuality was absurd, and constantly criticized the Soviet inhuman system. Her style reflected her thought. Thus, she often uses inversion to describe the contradictions of the Soviet system; she often gives a detailed description of ugly human bodies, filthy streets with lots of garbage, sexual intercourse with the help of pun, euphemisms and metaphors.
12
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WOJTYŁOVA PERSONALISTICKÁ KONCEPCIA MANŽELSTVA A SEXUALITY AKO ALTERNATÍVA K ODOSOBNENEJ SEXUALITE

88%
Demočko D., Szaniszló I.-M. V.
Studia theologica
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2011
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vol. 13
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issue 2
118-125
EN
The paper presents an outline of the personalistic concept of marriage and sexuality proposed by the eminent 20th century thinker Karol Wojtyła. As a philosopher, he contributed to progress in the area of sexuality when he, in accordance with personalist principles, characterized marital sexuality as two people giving mutually in love (not excluding openness to procreation of life), wherein he challenged the earlier views of his predecessors who viewed marriage as an institution established above all for the procreation of children. In the paper, the essential lines of Wojtyła thinking about humans, sexuality, love and marriage are presented offering an alternative to the contemporary attitude towards depersonalised sexuality as an instrument for achieving pleasure. Wojtyła’s thoughts offer the possibility of once again experiencing astonishment over the beauty and depth of marital sexuality, the expression of which is selfgiving and unifying love.
13

Телесность в рассказах Людмилы Улицкой

88%
Knurowska M.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2010
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vol. 152
67-79
EN
This article is an attempt at the analysis of the corporality theme in the stories of the contemporary Russian writer Ludmila Ulitskaya. Holding a qualification in biology and genetics, Ulitskaya courageously introduces into her works such dimensions of human biological existence as sexuality, labour, menstruation or terminal disease. Mysterious incurable diseases, borderline situations, initiations, moments of crisis or breakthrough are standard components of her literary world. The corporal dimension of human life appears to be an inexhaustible source of truth about the characters’ spiritual condition as philosophical and metaphysical meanings are hidden under the layer of their biological existence. The writer effectively proves that Man is a sum of ‘the biological’ and ‘the spiritual’. In her writings the corporality becomes a universal code, provoking the everlasting and most difficult human questions of the sense of life, suffering, old age and death.
14
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NOVÉ PODOBY SEXUALITY, OBČIANSTVA, NORIEM A REPRODUKCIE: SVET A SLOVENSKO

88%
Bianchi G.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2013
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vol. 45
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issue 1
5 – 26
EN
During the rapid social change period from totalitarian to globalized-capitalist society, intimacy and sexuality are undergoing a process of de-tabooing, particularization, and emancipation from social institutions to which they were bound. Sexuality and intimacy enter the social and political arena with new ambitions and requirements, thus articulating requests for intimate and sexual citizenship of various minorities. The overall political environment is, however, characterized by ignorance of these topics by political elites. Moreover sexuality becomes a political commodity. The risks of underestimating importance of sexuality are highlighted by the direct link of sexuality to reproduction. The study focuses on global trends in the (r)evolution of sexuality and its contradictions, transformation of norms related to sexuality, emergence of the new concepts concerning sexuality and citizenship. After a critical analysis of the current reflection of sexual health in Slovakia it offers suggestions of necessary conditions for a positive transformation of the sexual health in Slovakia.
15
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PŘEDPISY POLSKÉ BISKUPSKÉ KONFERENCE PRO ŘÍZENÍ OHLEDNĚ OBVINĚNÍ ZE SEXUÁLNÍCH TRESTNÝCH ČINŮ

75%
Adamowicz L.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
169–177
EN
The paper describes particular norms of the Polish Conference of Bishops dealing with the investigation of accusations of sexual delicts committed by Catholic clergy. Firstly, it informs about the history of such legislative norms from 2009 and the reasons for their amendment. Subsequently, the author offers an analysis of the new instructions from 2012: its goals, its legal sources in the material and procedural area, the means for verifications of accusations, the instruments for necessary help for victims of delicts, and the relationship between the canonical and secular penal procedure. Finally, he indicates requests for the formation of clergy, as they result from the experiences of dealing with such crimes and accusations, and for their prevention as well.
16

SEXUÁLNÍ MORÁLKA V ČECHÁCH: OD KONZERVATISMU K LIBERALISM

75%
Víravová J.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
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2013
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vol. 2
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issue 1
61 – 68
EN
The article provides the comprehensive view of development changes in the Czech sexual scene. This development is monitored from traditional attitudes of our society to the present liberal structure. Through the whole text the theme of childhood is observed on the background of sexual morality change. The text describes the changes in sexual morality from the total control of the church to the beginning of the first legal anchoring of sexual morality. The text introduces further the view to the obligation of marriage in the pre-industrial society and also the matter of natality and its adjustment. A dividing line is formed by the article part devoted to the era of sexual revolution in the 60’s of the 20th century. This part is followed by the section describing the current situation in Czech families and the relationship changes in them. The final part of the article is devoted to social-pathological phenomena in the current liberal society. The text introduces also the topics as sex tourism, child pornography, grooming and sexual abuse of children in families.
17

Aspekty cielesności w prozie Lubka Deresza

75%
Nowacki A., ASPECTS IN LUBKO DERESH’S PROSE C.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
663-670
EN
The subject of the article are the deliberations on the prose of one of contemporary Ukrainian writers — Lubko Deresh. It turns out that the young author has become part of the current of the European prose at the turn of the centuries, deciding to defy many conventions persisting in Ukrainian literature to date. The aim of the author was, as it seems, to shock the reader by using the subjects from the scope of man’s corporeality, absent or rarely appearing in Ukrainian literature. It turns out that Lubko Deresh can, in an extremely interesting way, present a human body in all its natural beauty. Apart from delicate eroticism, the author also focuses on the surroundings of love scenes, imbuing them with colours or creating an appropriate mood. His ideal of the feminine body is a young slim woman with long hair, small breasts and white complexion without a tan. One can see the echoes of adolescent desires of a teenager — after all the author was this age at the time of his literary debut. However, the reading of the following books shows that presenting man’s corporeality Lubko Deresh gives in to pressure of times and follows the most catchy themes in contemporary culture, that is sex and vulgarity, sometimes there also appears cold biologism and obscenities.
18

HETERONORMATIVITY: SCHOOL, IDEOLOGY, AND POLITICS

63%
Čeplak-Mencin M.
Pedagogický časopis (Journal of Pedagogy)
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2013
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vol. 4
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issue 2
162 – 187
EN
This article analyses discomfort about sexuality expressed in formal education. It draws on the Foucault’s analysis of sexuality as a privileged object of bio-politics (the object of regulation, surveillance, and discipline) and the most instrumentalized element in power relations in the Western world. Related to this is also the pedagogization of child sexuality, which even today is still characterized by ambiguities and discomfort. The author concludes that silence about non-hetero-sexualities and the bio-medicalization and physicalization of (homo)-sexuality are the most common and obvious symptoms of discomfort about (homo)-sexuality in Slovenian schools. These manners of treating sexuality are usually interpreted as neutral, but the author interprets them as strategies of conflict avoidance which in fact support a heteronormative social order and (implicitly or explicitly) even legitimize the exclusion of all who cross the boundaries of the ‘normal heterosexuality’. They strengthen prejudice, motivate ignorance, and it can even be used as an excuse for violence. The article points out that education does not provide a magic formula since it cannot foresee its own effects due to the complexity of the social relations and the nature of the education process (e.g. Millot, 1983).
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