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NET-BASED DESCRIPTION OF MODALITY IN NATURAL LANGUAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CONDITIONAL MODALITY)

100%
Koseska V., Antoni M.
Cognitive Studies
|
2009
|
issue 9
65-77
EN
The intention of the present paper is to show how the Petri nets formalism can be applied for explaining not only temporal but also modal properties of sentences in natural languages. A special attention has been paid for distinguishing courses of actions with forking (that creates different, but coexistent courses) from branching (that creates different and mutually exclusive courses). It is argued that conditional sentences cannot be represented properly by means of logical implication; instead, for this representation the net description is proposed. Examples serve to show how Petri nets can be viewed as a universal tool (an intermediate language) for analyzing and comparing different natural languages.
2

FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF TEMPORALITY (PETRI NET APPROACH)

100%
Mazurkiewicz A.
Cognitive Studies
|
2009
|
issue 9
53-64
EN
In the paper two methods of representing temporal dependencies expressed in natural languages are given. The first one, introduced by H. Reichenbach in 1948, is based on a linear representation of time, with events represented by points on the time scale. The second one is based on a net representation of states, events, and their succession introduced by C. A.Petri in 1962. The main difference between these two approaches consists in accepting by nets (i) partial ordering of events and states rather than their linear ordering, hence accepting their mutual independence, and (ii) a possibility of representing coexisting as well as mutually excluding states, hence accepting different histories in one model. Reichenbach's representation can be viewed as a particular case of the Petri net one. Both representations use graphical means for modeling temporal phenomena.
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