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EN
In the article, which follows up the discussion undertaken in 'Discourses and Orders of Discourses in Social Heteroglossia', the question of culture as a semiotic space is elaborated. The medieval semiotic formula 'aliquid stat pro aliquo (something stands for something)' is a starting point for discussion about discourses (notably so called 'symbolic languages') and signs that are understood as narrations. The symbolic languages are determined by the denotations and axiological connotations of signs whereas signs - contextualized within symbolic languages - obtain certain semantic content which is taken as many possible narrations. Thus, in this light, semiosis is suggested to be analyzed as a dynamic process with a narrative perspective. In order to give rise to such a methodological assumption, two cases of signs (words and syntagms) are analyzed: 'Polishness' and 'literary language'. It is maintained in the article that both of them could exist in the world of signs only insofar as are made pertinent by some codes and that their semantic content in based on various, ideologically determined, idiolects. Therefore, the idea of considering signs (notably words) as narrations could be used also when analyzing aesthetic texts, even though the complexity of overlapping codes is much more sophisticated.
EN
This study is concerned with a set of questions to illustrate the main aspects of images of thoughts, which emanate from the depths of the mind, and the underlying forces and their symbolic functions: particularly, the archetypal images of the ‘hero-heroine’, ‘nature’ and ‘animal’, and their symbols in the “Classical Arabic Lyrical Traditional Ode Convention” elaborated by Umayyad poets. What are the aspects of their archetypes and the plans of reality according to which the imaginary experience of each of them is constructed? What are the forces that stand against the hero from the very beginning of the traditional amatory prelude and along the movement of the Arabic poem till the end, where the poet receives the prize from his praised patron or from his beloved woman? These questions are essential in exploring and revising ethics and profound values; they could be answered differently from various standpoints. Notably, the transmutation of sentiment is one of the more vital constituents that offer a clue to understanding the meaning of the whole poem.
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