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British and Austrian documents for the position of the Muslim population in Salonica and its surrounding area during the Balkan Wars

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Goseva V., Kotlar-Traykova N.

Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia

2012

vol. 19

232-239

In the article we shall study the position of the second largest community in the city of Salonica – the Muslim community – during the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), using British and Austrian documents. We can conclude that the Balkan Wars satisfied the ambitions of the Balkan states’ nationalist circles which, of course, had the politics of the Great Powers behind them. That such of the case was obvious at both conferences that took place in London at the same time – the Conference of the Ambassadors of the Great Powers and the Peace Conference of the Balkan states engaged in war. 80 years after these wars, a new war threatened the Balkans and was led, with all its attributes of cruelty, on the territory of former Yugoslavia. Reflecting on this phenomenon from today’s perspective, we can come to the conclusion that the historical lesson taught by the Balkan Wars (1912/13) had not been learnt.

Procreation in the Sephardic Jewish Communities of Istanbul, Salonica, and Izmir from 1500-1850

58%

Bornstein-Makovetsky L.

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

2022

vol. 21

issue 2

37-61

The desire to raise a family with as many children as possible was a major aspiration of Jewish families in the Ottoman Empire for centuries. Many halakhic responses and other sources address this subject and its impact on Jewish families and society. This paper reviews how Sephardic Jewish society in the Ottoman cities of Istanbul, Izmir and Salonica (Thessaloniki) grappled with the reality of barren men and women – which was quite common – from 1500-1850, and how Jewish courts resolved cases that involved men’s requests to marry a second wife in order to fulfill the commandment of procreation. It discusses how the desire to procreate was realized through the institution of marriage, the undesirability of single life, the age at marriage, yibum (levirate marriage), women’s desire for children, the impact of kabbalah on fulfillment of the commandments, contraception, fertility treatments, the effect of child mortality on parents, and how the longing for children affected the private life of prominent individuals.

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1 Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia

1 Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

1 Bornstein-Makovetsky L.

1 Goseva V.

1 Kotlar-Traykova N.

1 2022

1 2012

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British and Austrian documents for the position of the Muslim population in Salonica and its surrounding area during the Balkan Wars

Procreation in the Sephardic Jewish Communities of Istanbul, Salonica, and Izmir from 1500-1850