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1

Zjazd prawników państw słowiańskich w 1933 roku

100%
Banaszkiewicz B.
Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego
|
2018
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
289-344
EN
The Congress of lawyers of the Slavic states took place in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia from 8 to 10 September 1933. It brought together 1567 people (participants and special guests), primarily representatives of jurisprudence and legal practitioners from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Poland, whereas there were no lawyers from the USSR. The main purpose of the Congress was to establish personal connections and to manifest the willingness to cooperate. Ten sections focused on substantial issues, investigating fifteen major questions. The discussion was held in the participants’ languages as well as in French. During the sessions in the sections the following questions were discussed and then summed up in final conclusions (resolutions): “Unification of the law of obligations in the Slavic states”; “Unification of marital law in the Slavic states”; “Steamboats as an object of mortgage”; “Unification of law on bills of exchange in the Slavic states”; „Unification of execution, bancruptcy and arrangement procedure provisions in the Slavic states”; “Responsibility for crimes committed pursuant to an order of a superior”; “Necessity and scope of criminal law unification in the Slavic states”, “Should the participation of citizens in criminal traials (as jurors or non-professional associate judges) be recommended?”; “The common principles of acquiring the citizenship and the municipality affiliation in the Slavic states”; “Administrative courts”; “The economic cooperation between the Slavic states”; „The common basis of the history of Slavic laws”; “Unification of international private law in the Slavic states”; “The relationship between church and government in the Slavic states”; “To what extent should the limitation of property right be recommended?”. The author discusses the ideological and political background of the 1933 Congress and makes comments as to why the idea to organize the next congress was not successful; introduces the figure of Cyril Bařinka, a Czech attorney working in Bratislava, who was the spiritus movens of the Congress and its General Secretary; depicts the preparation and the course of the Congress; provides a general overview of the topics disscussed at the Congress and its final conclusions.
2

„Największy z duchów Słowiańszczyzny”. Jeszcze o recepcji twórczości Henryka Sienkiewicza w Czechach w latach 1880–1938 (w perspektywie kulturowej)

75%
Gloger M.
Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2020
|
vol. 111
|
issue 3
39-58
PL
Artykuł przedstawia recepcję twórczości i działalności społeczno-politycznej Henryka Sienkiewicza widzianą oczami Czechów w latach 1880–1938. W tym czasie był to obok Lwa Tołstoja najbardziej poczytny tam i poważany pisarz europejski. Dotychczasowe ujęcia zagadnienia pomijały aspekt polityczno-kulturowy, przez co nie zauważano specyfiki i pozaliterackiego sposobu obecności Sienkiewicza w kulturze czeskiej. Recepcja nie przyniosła bowiem znaczących rezultatów w wymiarze artystycznym czy krytycznoliterackim. Natomiast w wymiarze społecznym i narodowym Sienkiewicz odegrał wielką rolę budzicielską, przyczyniając się do kształtowania oraz wzmacniania czeskiej nowoczesnej tożsamości narodowej. Czeski nacjonalizm miał bowiem podłoże filologiczne i literacko-naukowe, a dopiero potem polityczne. Stąd znaczenie słowiańskich inspiracji literackich i kulturowych, zwłaszcza rosyjskich i polskich, w kształtowaniu czeskiej tożsamości. Zaznacza się ten proces choćby w licznych tłumaczeniach, jak też w artykułach związanych z twórczością i aktywnością polskiego pisarza, pojawiających się na łamach najważniejszego dziennika czeskiego tamtych lat „Národní listy” (wydawanego w latach 1861–1941) oraz dziesiątków innych czeskich tytułów prasowych, zarówno lokalnych, jak ogólnokrajowych, podążających za wzorem „Národnich listów”. Twórczość autora „Krzyżaków” traktowano jako wielkie moralne wsparcie w walce z germanizacją i, często tendencyjnie, bez zwracania uwagi na polsko-rosyjski konflikt (rozbiór Polski, rusyfikacja), próbowano łączyć z ideami słowianofilskimi oraz koncepcjami wzajemności słowiańskiej o zabarwieniu utopijnym, które w czeskiej polityce nawet do 1948 roku spełniały kluczową rolę. Sienkiewicza określano jako Słowianina i traktowano częściej jako przedstawiciela całej Słowiańszczyzny niż jako pisarza z kraju uciemiężonego przez Rosję.
EN
The article presents the reception of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s output and that of his social-political activity in Bohemia in the years 1880–1938. At that time, Sienkiewicz along with Leo Tolstoy was most widely-read and respected European writer. Approaches to the problem to this day have neglected its political-cultural aspect, due to which the specificity and non-literary mode of functioning Sienkiewicz’s presence in Czech culture remained unnoticed. The aforementioned reception has thus failed to give tangible results in their artistic and literary-critical dimension, while in social and national dimension Sienkiewicz played a considerably prompting role, adding to the shaping and strengthening of modern Czech national identity. The Czech nationalism had, primarily, philological and literary-scientific basis, and was followed by political one. Hence the significance of Slavonic literary and cultural, especially Russian and Polish, inspirations in the shaping of Czech identity. The process is visible in translations as well as in articles connected with the Polish author’s output and activity published in the most important Czech daily of that time “Národní listy” (“The National Newspaper”) (issued 1861–1941), and in dozens of other Czech press titles, both local and national, following the path of “The National Newspaper.” Sienkiewicz’s creativity was regarded as a great moral support in the fight with Germanisation and, often in a biased way, paying no attention to Polish-Russian conflict (partition of Poland, Russification) was linked with Slavophilic ideals and concepts of Slavic reciprocity with utopian overtone which in the Czech policy played the key role even until the year 1948. Sienkiewicz was labelled as a Slav and more often treated as a representative of the entire Slavdom than as a writer from a country oppressed by Russia.
3
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Między ideą wspólnego języka słowiańskiego i słowiańskimi mikrojęzykami literackimi

55%
Lewaszkiewicz T.
Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze
|
2014
|
issue 27
73-84
EN
The idea of a common Slavic language has been strictly connected with the history of Slavophilism. The concept to use Russian or Old Church Slavonic as an all-Slavic language found numerous advocates. Apart from this, the projects of artificial all-Slavic languages were elaborated, that is “Slavic Esperanto”. Until today, we have come to know 29 such projects, among others, by J. Križanić, S.B. Linde (mainly on the basis of the Polish language), J. Herkel, M. Majar. A manifestation of the disintegration of the Slavic linguistic world is the formation of the so-called Slavic literary microlanguages. Nowadays, there exists more than 20 of such languages or the attempts of their codification. 
PL
The idea of a common Slavic language has been strictly connected with the history of Slavophilism. The concept to use Russian or Old Church Slavonic as an all-Slavic language found numerous advocates. Apart from this, the projects of artificial all-Slavic languages were elaborated, that is “Slavic Esperanto”. Until today, we have come to know 29 such projects, among others, by J. Križanić, S.B. Linde (mainly on the basis of the Polish language), J. Herkel, M. Majar. A manifestation of the disintegration of the Slavic linguistic world is the formation of the so-called Slavic literary microlanguages. Nowadays, there exists more than 20 of such languages or the attempts of their codification.
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