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This article is devoted to the attitude to truth as a part of political epistemology and of political culture in post-Soviet Russia. It considers the extent to which the Great Terror contributed to the development of a specific political epistemology, which is also largely characteristic of later periods of Soviet history and perhaps even of today. Of particular interest is the population’s perception of the terror as inaccessible or poorly accessible to logical understanding. As main sources, the article relies on two literary texts: Lydia Chukovskaya’s Sofia Petrovna and Veniamin Kaverin’s The Open Book. Despite all the apparent differences between the Soviet system and today’s Russia, one important similarity is striking: over the last two decades (after 1999) there has been a visible increase in the belief that it is impossible for a political subject to separate truth from lying and that the sphere of public administration and political interests is, by definition, a place where deception prevails. This article discusses the potential historical roots of this certainty.
EN
The article is devoted to assessing the reflections of Belarusian and Ukrainian intellectuals on the dramatic events of 2020–2023 - the 2020 revolutionary uprising in Belarus and Russia’s full-scale invasion on February 24, 2022. Three important aspects are represented in the article: 1) the stance towards the past and the critical revision of the Soviet legacy; 2) the question of the national language, the extent to which it functions, and the prospects for its development; 3) the right to individual expression of one’s views, which is revealed in judgments about the existing situation and in the vision of the future. Some common features are noted in Belarusians’ and Ukrainians’ reflections on these events, as well as differences also being delineated, which are deepening with the passage of time.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony został ocenie dramatycznych wydarzeń lat 2020–2023, przebadanych na przykładzie refleksji intelektualistów białoruskich i ukraińskich. Rzecz dotyczy zrywu rewolucyjnego 2020 roku na Białorusi oraz pełnoskalowej wojny wywołanej przez Rosję 24 lutego 2022 roku w Ukrainie. Głowna uwaga badacza skupiona jest wokół trzech ważnych aspektów: 1) stanowiska wobec przeszłości oraz krytycznego zrewidowania spuścizny sowieckiej, 2) kwestii języka narodowego, zakresu jego funkcjonowania i perspektywy rozwoju, 3) prawa do indywidualnego wyrażania własnych poglądów, co ujawnia się w sądach o zaistniałej sytuacji oraz w wizji przyszłości. Zauważono wspólne cechy w refleksji Białorusinów i Ukraińców, ale wytyczono również istotne różnice, które wraz z upływem czasu pogłębiają się.
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