Search results

1

GIS W BADANIACH POWIERZCHNIOWYCH STANOWISK GÓRNICZYCH NA PRZYKŁADZIE KOPALNI KRZEMIENIA CZEKOLADOWEGO W OROŃSKU (GM. OROŃSKO, POW. SZYDŁOWIECKI, WOJ. MAZOWIECKIE)

100%

Kerneder-Gubała K., Buławka N., Buławka S., Szubski M.

Archeologia Polski

|

2017

|

vol. 62

7-37

EN

The authors present possibilities of examination and analyses performed by implementing GIS tools as used for the needs of archaeological surface survey. The research took place on the chocolate flint mining and processing sites, in the northwesternmost part of the deposits, in the Orońsko community. Information was obtained on the basis of archive, cartographic (topographic, geologic, hydrographical maps) and remote sensing data (LIDAR, aerial photos, satellite imagery), as well as by verification of surface survey, which all were compared by means of a free QGIS program, version 2.16.2. GIS software made the integration of multidimensional data possible and enhanced the efficiency of fieldwork and cabinet work.

2

Analiza środowiskowych uwarunkowań lokalizacji osadnictwa ze starszej i środkowej epoki kamienia na Pojezierzu Lubuskim. Zastosowanie drzew klasyfikacyjno-regresyjnych

100%

Sobkowiak-Tabaka I., Jasiewicz J.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

|

2015

|

vol. 20

473-496

PL

The article presents results of the study of environmental variables influencing location of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic settlement in Pojezierze Lubuskie. A new method of predicting archaeological sites location has been suggested, based on classification and regression trees (CART), including nine natural variables. A detailed model has been designed illustrating dependency between these natural variables and intensity of prehistoric activity. The study, results have been also presented on the map, which systematisies and presents, in a coherent manner, a model of human presence in Palaeolithic and esolithic periods.

3

Prahistoria w działalności i piśmiennictwie Karola Libelta

75%

Linetty J.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

|

2015

|

vol. 60

|

issue 2

7–37

EN

Prehistoric archaeology constituted an important topic in the writings of Karol Libelt during the final stage of his work. As a result of several years’ research and bringing up this subject in his texts, Libelt made notable achievements in the field of prehistoric archaeology. The most important of them are: description of archaeological discoveries in Czeszewo, participation in a dispute over prehistoric chronology with Stefan Pawlicki in 1871, and also one of the first descriptions of the Stone Age in the Polish literature. Thus Libelt should be considered as a pioneer in prehistoric research, particularly the Stone Age, in Poland. Apart from that, among his undoubted achievements was propagation of the theory of evolution, although with reservations, during the earliest stage of Darwinism’s reception in Poland.

4

Archaeological Reconnaissance Pre-Survey of the Lejowa and Kościeliska Valleys, Tatra National Park, Poland

75%

Brunswig R. H., Valde-Nowak P.

Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

|

2018

|

vol. LIII

5

Stratigraphie und Struktur der Uferund Abfallzone des steinzeitlichen Seeuferfundplatzes Dąbki 9, Westpommern

75%

Kotula A.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

|

2012

|

vol. 64

63-75

XX

The Stone Age site of Dąbki 9, Pomerania, has provided rich find material with excellent preservation conditions from the waste layers of a lake shore settlement site. The data from the excavations has been stored in a GIS-database to examine spatial relationships. Vertical and horizontal projections of the find material provide insights into the structure of the site. It becomes clear that parts of the former shore zone have been disturbed and can’t provide a reliable stratigraphy. On the contrary, other parts exhibit a better stratigraphical resolution. The examination of horizontal artifact distribution provides information about human impact and other taphonomic processes in the area. These influences on the formation of the archaeological record are briefly discussed.

6

Przypadkowe odkrycia zabytków pradziejowych jako zagrożenia i szanse dla badań archeologicznych na przykładzie kolekcji artefaktów krzemiennych z Łęk Dukielskich

63%

Pasterkiewicz W., Bobak D., Połtowicz-Bobak M.

UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

|

2016

|

issue 1

9-23

PL

Tereny Polski południowo-wschodniej dostarczają coraz to nowych śladów osadnictwa paleolityczne-go. Stosunkowo dobre jest rozpoznanie schyłkowego paleolitu, bardzo zaś słabe starszych faz tego okresu. Dlatego też na uwagę zasługuje niewielka kolekcja artefaktów z Łęk Dukielskich. W skład kolekcji wchodzi w sumie zaledwie 14 zabytków krzemiennych. 13 z nich to narzędzia i ich fragmenty. Wśród narzędzi wyróżnia się licząca 7 egzemplarzy grupa ostrzy bifacjalnych. Ta niewielka kolekcja została wykonana z różnych gatunków surowca o nieznanym pochodzeniu. In-terpretacja pozyskanych zabytków jest bardzo trudna. Artefakty są tak różne, że ich wzajemne związki są nieoczywiste. Analogie można znaleźć na stanowiskach obejmujących rozległe tereny Europy i bardzo szeroki przedział czasu – od końca paleolitu środkowego po być może nawet młodszą epokę kamienia(?). Kolekcja jest ważnym przyczynkiem w dyskusji nad wartością kolekcji pozyskanych w bliżej niezna-nych okolicznościach. Charakter kolekcji każe zadać pytanie o rzeczywiste pochodzenie zbioru. Jeśli przyjąć, że zabytki te pochodzą skądinąd, co jest możliwe, to zachodzi pytanie jak dostały się na pole w Łękach Du-kielskich. Nie można jednak wykluczyć, że pochodzą one z rejonu w którym zostały znalezione. Oznaczałoby to, że jest to pierwszy i jedyny jak dotąd ślad osadnictwa z przełomu środkowego i górnego paleolitu na tere-nach Polski południowo-wschodniej, a tym samym ważne świadectwo w badaniach nad najstarszym osadnic-twem w rejonie podkarpackim. Jeśli zaś jest to kolekcja o nieznanym pochodzeniu to jej wartość wyznacza wartość samych przed-miotów – estetycznie pięknych, niemających jednak znaczenia naukowego pomocnego w rekonstrukcji naj-starszych dziejów omawianego tu regionu Polski.

EN

The terrain of south-eastern Poland provides more and more traces of Palaeolithic settlement. The close of the Palaeolithic epoch is relatively well recognised, while the earlier phases of this era are poorly identified. This is why the modest collection of artefacts from Łęki Dukielskie is deserving of attention. In its entirety it contains just 14 flint remains. 13 of them are tools and corresponding fragments. Among the tools 7 examples from the group of bifacials stand out. This small collection was compiled from various types of resources of unknown origin. An interpretation of the remains is extremely difficult. The artefacts are so diverse that their mutual connections are unclear. Analogies may be found at excavations from across the territory of Europe and from an extremely broad time period – from the end of the Middle Palaeolithic Period possibly ranging up to the beginning of the Younger Stone Age. The collection makes an important contribution to discussions on the value of assortments gained in almost unknown circumstances. The nature of the collection forces the question to be asked as to its actual origins. If it were accepted that the find comes from elsewhere, which is a possibility, then the next question should be how did they come to be in a field in Łęki Dukielskie? The fact that they herald from the region in which they were discovered may not be excluded. This would mean that it is the first and only trace of settlement from the turn of the Stone Age to be found in the south-eastern region of Poland, and simultaneously an important source for research into the oldest settlement in the Subcarpathian region. However, if it is a collection of unknown origin then its worth is nothing more than the intrinsic worth of the items themselves – aesthetic beauty – without having any scientific significance in the reconstruction of the oldest events discussed in this region.

7

Profesor Michał Kobusiewicz, Poznaniak z wyboru. W siedemdziesięciopięciolecie urodzin

63%

Ginter B.

Archeologia Polski

|

2014

|

vol. 59

|

issue 1-2

21-25

EN

The author discusses the most important achievements of Professor Michał Kobusiewicz, one of the most distinguished Polish archaeologists exploring the Paleolithic. His entire adult and academic life has been connected with the Poznań archaeological milieu. Particular emphasis has been placed on the pioneering character of Kobusiewicz’s research on hunting-gathering societies of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in northwestern Poland. He conducted excavations on many archaeological sites abroad, chiefly in northeastern Africa and North America, participating in projects as a member and associate of a number of international research teams, primarily the Combined Prehistoric Expedition. The author emphasizes the outstanding erudition and personal qualities of Professor Michał Kobusiewicz, which have made him generally acclaimed and respected in the international scholarly community, as well as his exceptional teaching skills, well reflected by the accomplishments of a numerous group of alumni and associates.

8

Z Rzucewa do zachodniolitewskich osad z późnej epoki kamienia. Znaleziska z bursztynu

63%

Butrimas A., Król D., Ostrauskienė D.

Pomorania Antiqua

|

2018

|

vol. Tom XXVII

s. 115-138

EN

The Vistula and Nemunas rivers formed the Curonian Lagoon and the Curonian Spit Vistula Lagoon (Zalew Wiślany) and the bay of Gdańsk with its Hel peninsula. The inhabitants of these lands always held the gates to the Baltic Sea. One of the main factors that decided present land advantages ahead of the other Baltic areas was amber. The tradition of collecting amber and making and trading amber jewellery and anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures in the eastern and southern regions of the Baltic Sea began to form about 4400 BC in the Ertebølle, Narva and Comb-Market cultures. People of those cultures were the first to gather amber on the south-eastern shore of the Baltic, near lagoons and gulfs and along the shores of lakes (Figure 1). The Polish archeologists Józef Kostrzewski and Konrad Jażdżewski began systematic investigations of Rzucewo Culture settlements (pol.) (Haffküstenkultur (ger.), Pamarių (lith.), Bay Coastal culture (eng.) in Rzucewo in 1927-29. In 1954 Jan Żurek published 14 amber ornaments with drawings and photographs . The amber of Bay Coastal Culture was also described by Lotar Killian i Jerzy Okulicz . Systematical archaeological excavations of this standard site were conducted by Danuta Król, from Museum Archeological Gdańsk. A large collection of amber artefacts was found in 1985-2005. Analysis reveal 354 items of amber. These include amber artefacts, trial pieces of raw amber and production waste. The Nida Late Neolithic settlement on the Curonian Peninsula in West Lithuania belonging to the same Bay Coastal Culture was investigated by E. Hollack in 1895 and 1900. The large-scale (4,640 m2) excavations in Nida (in 1973–1978) by the famous Lithuanian archaeologist R. Rimantienė revealed a very rich cultural layer containing amber artefacts, trial pieces, raw amber and production waste. A small-scale excavation (about 105 m2) was conducted in Nida by G. Piličiauskas in 2011–13 and 2016. During all of these investigations 910 pieces of raw amber and production waste, and 51 amber artefacts and fragments were found At Šventoji 1A (Bay Coastal Culture) also remains of intensive amber processing was discovered by R. Rimantienė in 1967–69, when she excavated 1860 m2 to find a large collection of 957 pieces of raw amber and production waste, and 134 amber artefacts . Amber finds were made at the Daktariškė 5 Neolithic settlement, in which strong influences of Bay Coastal and Globular Amphora Culture can be seen: 138 pieces of raw amber, production waste, the blanks in various stages of completion were found. Among these amber artefacts we discovered 40 pendants, 18 amber buttons with V-shaped drilling, 4 cylindrical beads, 5 disks, 5 beads, 1 ring, and 1 double button. Some of these artefacts are decorated with incisions and dots . It remains unclear whether the amber was brought from the Baltic coast or local raw amber washed up from the nearby Lake Lūkstas was used. We have gathered statistics about all raw amber, amber production waste and amber ornaments from Rzucewo, Nida, Šventoji 9 and Daktariškė 5 settlements. All of them date to the Late Neolithic and belong to the Bay Coastal culture or the influence of this Culture (Daktariškė 5 settlement). Raw amber and production waste. Perhaps the majority of the raw amber used in Rzucewo, Šventoji 9, and Nida for producing amber ornaments was collected along the Baltic Sea coast, but the state of preservation of finds in the sandy dune environment (Rzucewo, Nida settlements) is very poor. Very poor quality pieces covered with a thick crumbling cortex have survived and for this reason it is sometimes very difficult even to determine which were true blanks and which were only fragments, and sometimes a given find may even be production waste or a fragment of ornamentation. It appears that some pieces may have been in a fire, as they were found in fireplaces or around them. The same may be said about the Nida and Suchacz settlements]. For this reason, sometimes statistical analyses of Rzucewo and Nida amber artefacts made in this article may not be very exact. The artefacts in Rzucewo are very small in comparison with the very well preserved amber material from the Šventoji 1A or Daktariškė 5 wetland settlements. COMPA RAT IVE ANALYSES OF AMB ER ORNAM ENTS We made comparative analyses of the main amber artefacts from Rzucewo, Nida, Šventoji 1A (Bay Coastal Culture) and the Daktariškė 5 Late Neolithic settlement with the strong influence of Globular Amphora- and Bay Coastal Cultures . We can see clearly, that elliptical button-shaped beads are found only in the Rzucewo settlement (25 examples), while round button-beads are spread in Rzucewo (12 examples), Nida (4), Šventoji 1A (62) and Daktariškė 5 (18). Cylindrical beads, as well as examples of rings of form 1-to 3 are spread through all the settlements under analysis;, pendants are also very numerous and are spread in large amounts (between 18 and 38 examples) in all settlements. We also made a percentage diagram of amber finds in from the same Late Neolithic settlements . THE CHRONOLOGY OF BAY COASTA L CULTURE AMBER ARTEFA CTS: FROM RZUCEWO TO THE WEST LITHUANIAN COAST According to the earliest calibrated dating from cemeteries and peat-bog settlements, the production, use and exchange of amber in the Eastern Baltic region – in the territories of what are today Lithuania and Latvia - started during a time span between 4400 and 4000 BC among people of the Narva Pottery Culture and Pit Comb Ware Culture. In the territories along the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, in Rzucewo, Osłonino and Żuławy region (the Vistula Delta), an area inhabited by people of the Globular Amphora-, and Bay Coastal Cultures, the earliest sites with amber are dated, according calibrated dating to around 3000 BC. In Bay Coastal Culture sites in the South-Eastern Baltic at Rzucewo and the Vistula Delta use of amber started about 2800 BC and ended ca 1900 BC; this is connected with the people of the Globular Amphora-, and Rzucewo Cultures The production of amber artefacts in areas of Bay Coastal Culture in the Eastern Baltic can be related to the transgression of the Litorina Sea, when sediments of Blue Earth with pieces of amber were washed up by prevailing directions of wind on the Eastern Baltic Sea coast and lagoons (Šventoji 1A, Nida, Daktariškė 5, etc.). We used only carbon dates obtained from the cultural layers. According these, during the period of the Bay Coastal Culture amber production in West Lithuania can be dated from around 3100 BC to ca 2000 BC. Thus, amber production at Rzucewo, Osłonino (near the Hel peninsula) and Šventoji 1A, Nida, Daktariškė 5, and Daktariškė 1 in Western Lithuania should be regarded as a contemporaneous phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of worked amber and amber artefacts from late-Neolithic settlements at Rzucewo (Poland) the westernmost site of the Bay Coastal Culture and the most northeastern sites of this culture (Nida, Šventoji 1A) and its zone of influence (Daktariškė 5) in Lithuania, and reference to published material of other amber artefacts from this culture allows us to draw the following preliminary conclusions: 1. When comparing amber artefacts, raw material and production waste found at these sites we should pay attention to the fact that the amber artefacts found in the standard Bay Coastal Culture sites of Rzucewo and Nida survive in very poor condition because a great part of the cultural layer there was in sand and thus their typological statistical data are not completely reliable. Meanwhile amber artefacts, raw material and intermediate products survived much better in the cultural layers of the Šventoji 1A and Daktariškė 5 peat sites, making their typological statistical data much more reliable. 2. The main types of Bay Coastal Culture amber artefacts from the Rzucewo settlement – round amber buttons with a lens-shaped cross-section, quadrangular buttons with a drilled v-shaped perforation for hanging, equilateral pendants and pendants with undulating side edges, tubular beads, discs, chains and fragments thereof are found in almost all Bay Coastal Culture sites, including those in what is now Western Lithuania. 3. Elliptical buttons, pendants with a hole drilled straight through the middle for hanging, tubular beads with quadrangular edges are typical only of the settlement at Rzucewo and are not to be found at all (or only very seldom) in settlements of this culture in Lithuania. 4. Typological statistical differences may have been determined by different bases for their cultural origin – the settlement at Rzucewo was influenced by Globular Amphora and Funnel Beaker Culture, while the origin of many amber artefact types in Lithuania lies in early- and middle-Neolithic Narva Culture amber artefact types. 5. There is no single artefact type which dominates particularly clearly in all the sites we have analysed – we cannot assert that amber workshops at almost every site manufactured serial artefacts or intermediate products for trade, as is typical of the Bay Coastal Culture settlements in the Żuławy region studied by Prof. Ryszard Mazurowski. Inhabitants of the region at the centre of Bay Coastal Culture were much more involved in the amber trade, the main artery of which was the River Vistula, than were Rzucewo or West Lithuanian Bay Coastal Culture people living in the marginal zones of this culture. It seems they manufactured more and diverse types of amber artefact for their own use rather than identical serial artefacts for trade.

Refine search results

2 Archeologia Polski

1 Acta Archaeologica Carpathica

1 Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

1 Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

1 Pomorania Antiqua

1 Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

1 UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

1 Bobak D.

1 Brunswig R. H.

1 Butrimas A.

1 Buławka N.

1 Buławka S.

1 Ginter B.

1 Jasiewicz J.

1 Kerneder-Gubała K.

1 Kotula A.

1 Król D.

1 Linetty J.

1 Ostrauskienė D.

1 Pasterkiewicz W.

1 Połtowicz-Bobak M.

1 Sobkowiak-Tabaka I.

1 Szubski M.

1 Valde-Nowak P.

2 2018

1 2017

1 2016

2 2015

1 2014

1 2012