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Studenci Mazowsza i Polski

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EN
In this article we present a description of the changes over time in the number and structure of the learners in higher education institutions under the ownership of the school, mode of study, orientation training, and gender. The analysis is conducted separately for Poland and the Mazowsze in order to demonstrate the similarities between these administration units.
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W artykule omówiono zainteresowanie cudzoziemców studiowaniem w Warszawie. Przedstawiono liczbę studentów według: typu szkół, kontynentów i krajów pochodzenia.
EN
The purpose of this article is a brief analysis of the results regarding the difficulties and barriers to collaboration of scientists and entrepreneurs in the commercialization of knowledge. Article based on their own research and analysis of the literature.
EN
Multisectoral approach, so the diversity of actors, not just from the public sector, but also non-governmental and market, as well as the sources of funding, is today becoming the reality in many areas of social policy. In the countries of Central and Eastern Europe the process of pluralization of public services during transition is associated with breaking the previous state's monopoly in this area. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the phenomenon of multi - sector approach in higher education. In this sphere we see strong momentum for pluralization. The examples of Poland and Czech Republic are used to show the importance of market and non-governmental organizations in higher education, as well as show the similarities and differences between systems with similar baseline.
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Artykuł opisuje zmiany instytucjonalne oraz struktury finansowania szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce. W rezultacie przeprowadzonych zmian prawnych ponad 20% dochodów publiczne szkoły wyższe czerpią z komercyjnej działalności dydaktycznej. Pozostałą część pieniędzy zapewnia im prowadzenie badań naukowych i dotacja budżetowa. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na gwałtowny wzrost popytu na usługi szkolnictwa wyższego i rozwój sektora prywatnego w jego ramach. Przeprowadzono próbę wyjaśnienia obu zjawisk. Pokazano, że motorem rozwoju prywatnych uczelni był wzrost popytu związany z wyżem demograficznym. Z analizy wynika, że uczelnie prywatne nie stanowią konkurencji wobec uczelni państwowych pod względem możliwości badawczych i zakresu prowadzonych badań, konkurencja jest ograniczona do działalności dydaktycznej.(abstrakt oryginalny)
EN
The author of the article describes institutional and financial changes in Polish higher education system. As a consequence of legal changes more than 20% of public universi­ties incomes comes from the fee-paying didactic activity. The other sources are from scientific researches and budget subsidies. The particular attention was paid to the fast growth of demand for higher education services and private sector development. The trail to explain these two phenomenon was made. It was shown that the growing de­mand connected with the population boom caused a rapid development of private uni­versities. However, the analysis shows that the private universities are not competitive to public one 's in respect of research abilities and it 's range, the competitiveness is limited to the didactic activity. (original abstract)
EN
The article outlines the evolution of the tertiary education system in Poland since 1990. The discussion focuses on four areas: 1) determinants of educational policy and the related stereotypes, 2) ways of presenting the functions of tertiary education, 3) characteristics of the Polish tertiary education system based on the numerical data, 4) requests for limiting further growth of the tertiary education sector in Poland. The discussion starts with the stereotypes underlying Poland's policy governing the development of the tertiary education sector. Particular factors that can be used for formulating relevant strategies are named and characterised. This introductory section provides grounds for presenting data illustrating the expansion of the Polish tertiary education sector, mainly the numbers of colleges, students and academic faculty members between 1990 and 2009. The situation is additionally clarified with student-to-teacher ratios and enrolment ratios. All this information serves as a backdrop against which certain elements of the new tertiary education law of 2011 are presented to show the goals to be pursued by the Polish tertiary education policy. The last section of the article points to the basic factors that must be taken into account, if higher education is to fulfil needs other than market needs.
EN
Education for sustainable development consists of the related environmental, economical and social issues. Unfortunately, we can often observe the false tendency in separate treating of economic, social and environmental aspects of the sustainable development what results the lack of appropriate curricula in this area. The main shortcoming of education for sustainable development at the high education level is the lack of a primary course which presenting the basis of sustainable development. Similar conclusions refers to the University of Economics in Katowice. Education in this area haven't systemic character covering all kinds of study. A positive aspect of the educational offer proposed by the University of Economics is more and more to address issues related to sustainable development in the different courses, and thus the knowledge of the term sustainable development among students.
EN
The recently amended Higher Education Act of 27th July 2005 introduced as to the principle of carrying out the recruitment for vacant posts of university teachers via a competition, however, it did not solve all problems connected with it. It, however, does not normalize detailed recruitment procedures for vacant posts in public higher education institutions in the range of carrying out the qualification procedures for university teachers in the form of a competition. This act also does not contain the premise of the spotless opinion or a similar premise in the catalogue of statutory requirements defined in art. 109 passage 1. Difficulties in the application of this premise in practice should not, however, induce the legislator to liquidate this premise, which should exist in the act next to the premise concerning the lack of being sentenced for the intentional offence, because these premises complement each other. At present only the statutes of the public higher education institution may contain this kind of premise. Limitations in the access to the posts of university teachers in public higher education institutions are manifested in the construction by the legislator of the detailed employee duties not infrequently formulated as prohibitions in order to counteract corruption and other pathological phenomena. The new regulation art. 118 passage 7 of the Higher Education Act states that in the public higher education institution a relation of the direct official subordination between the university teacher and his/her spouse, relative or kinsman up to the second degree or the person remaining in the adrogation, care or guardianship relation, employed in the same public university cannot occur. It is, however, difficult to explicitly infer from the legal regulations what effects are triggered off by the violation of the prohibition defined in art. 50 of the amended Higher Education Act and in practice the compliance with this prohibition can look different in respective organizational structures. The amended Higher Education Act in art. 129 passage 7 quite accidently also predicts the catalogue of limitations in commencing extra work by a university teacher. Besides, it should be possible for university teachers to commence extra work under the condition that they properly fulfill their duties in the basic workplace and that it does not pose hazard to important business of the basic employers, what is still not taken into consideration by the amended Higher Education Act.
EN
Dynamic changes in the environment of public organizations, including growing expectations for the effects of their actions, entails growth of requirements concerning competences of public officers. In these circumstances innovative approach towards education process devoted to public sphere seems to be a crucial issue Respecting this challenge as well as taking advantage of new regulations concerning higher education Department of City and Regional Management, Faculty of Management, University of Lodz prepared complex and integrated educational program on Public Management. The aim of the article is to present the effects of reform performed at the Faculty of Management UL that resulted with new teaching programs, among others on Public Management, on all levels of education.
XX
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie skali zmian w liczbie studentów w szkołach wyższych w Warszawie i w Polsce w rozpatrywanym okresie według płci, trybu studiowania (stacjonarny i niestacjonarny), formy własności szkoły (publiczna i niepubliczna) oraz kierunków kształcenia. Tak prowadzona analiza pozwoli na weryfikację następujących hipotez badawczych: natężenie zmian liczby studentów w Warszawie było wyraźniejsze aniżeli w Polsce; wzrósł udział studiujących kobiet, zwłaszcza w Warszawie; zmalał odsetek studentów kształcących się w szkołach publicznych, zwłaszcza w Warszawie; obniżył się udział studentów uczących się w trybie stacjonarnym, zwłaszcza w Warszawie; preferencje studentów według kierunków kształcenia nie uległy zmianie, niezależnie od formy własności szkoły oraz trybu studiowania. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The paper discusses changes in the number and structure of students in 2004-2009 (by gender, school ownership, mode of study and specializations) in Warsaw and Poland. The analysis also allows to verify theses that the change intensity in the number of students of Warsaw was more pronounced than in Poland and that the choice offields of study depended on the ownership form of school and shaped differently for men and women and place of study. The analysis used information from the Local Data Bank of the CSO. (original abstract)
PL
Autorzy postawili dwie tezy. Pierwsza - niepubliczna szkoła wyższa funkcjonująca w warunkach polskich jako jednostka not for profit nie może i nie powinna być traktowana i analizowana wyłącznie jako źródło zysku założyciela. Druga - kryzys gospodarczy nie ma bezpośredniego wpływu na życie uczelni, a niepubliczne szkoły wyższe bronią się skutecznie przed jego skutkami. Autorzy poddali analizie kategorię szkół kupionych przez osoby prowadzące z sukcesem działalność biznesową w innych obszarach, dla których uczelnia wyższa jest dodatkową aktywnością.
EN
The paper is a voice in discussion on the place of non-public higher education institutions in educational system in Poland and in the sphere of the business. Authors put and substantiate a thesis, that running the non-public tertiary school doesn't have (and should not have) of a business character, set exclusively to the profit. Aims and principles of functioning of non-public tertiary schools aren't succumbing ruthlessly to market rules. In the article aims are being considered and which can be fulfilled by non-public higher education institutions. (original abstract)
EN
On the management structure of higher education an equivalent impact have external interaction as well as the internal determinants. Higher education facilities compete with each other in the regional and global dimension on the free market basis. European universities are evolving into open organizations for the environment. The model of added value creation is changing: in traditional model supply and demand of services were important, nowadays value-added are new stakeholders (business communities, particularly the local ones, local authorities, NGOs), and it is the inclusion of those entities, which, as institutionalized or not, have a real impact on the decisions of institutions of higher education, should be seen as a strategic goal. The autonomy of public universities is in fact limited by law, forcing submission to the pattern established by the state. Despite this, the state has little ability to pursue the assumed educational and science policy. The current structure of management in higher education is not sufficiently clear and unwieldy, and substantive autonomy of universities is lower than in many other EU and OECD countries. The article attempts to answer the question to which extent solutions and experiences of European higher education systems are able to influence the reform process launched in Poland and to identify constraints inside the system which slow this process.
EN
Coopetition builds on the idea that firms - competitors cooperate to create values and to appropriate value. Despite extant research on this topic, our understanding about how firms are engaged in cooperative relationships with their rivals is still in its early stages. This paper explores the higher education sector in Poland from the perspective of cooperative and competitive relationships, and analyses its performance on three different levels, i.e. macro, meso, and micro using case-based insights to answer the question(s). We propose that cooperative relationships amongst a variety of different universities increase their competitiveness and enhance the diffusion of knowledge. In the long run this translates into benefits for all parties and into a rise in the efficiency of the entire education sector. (original abstract)
PL
Demografia jest jednym z istotnych czynników wpływających na zainteresowanie usługami publicznymi z zakresu edukacji, w tym szkolnictwa wyższego. Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu przemian demograficznych zachodzących po 1989 r. na funkcjonowanie szkolnictwa wyższego oraz wyzwań związanych z prognozami demograficznymi. W artykule zaprezentowano proces przemian w polskim szkolnictwie wyższym oraz przeanalizowano wpływ trendów demograficznych i innych czynników na wzrost liczby studentów i rozwój rynku edukacji wyższej. Przedstawiono również prognozę liczby studentów do 2050 r. i wskazano na zagrożenia, jakie niosą za sobą trendy demograficzne. Pozwoliło to na wskazanie znaczenia trendów demograficznych na aktualne i przyszłe funkcjonowanie szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce.
EN
Demography is one of crucial factors influencing the degree of interest in public services related to education, including higher education. The article’s aim is to analyse the impact of the demographic changes taking place after 1989 on the workings of higher education and to examine the challenges related to demographic forecasts. Moreover, the article presents a process of changes in Polish higher education and provides a study of the influence the demographic trends and other factors have had on the increase of the number of students and the development of the higher education market. Also a forecast of the number of students until 2050 can be found in the article as well as the dangers resulting from demographic trends. As a result, the article indicates the importance of demographic trends for the workings of higher education.
EN
The goals of the paper apply to higher education institutions and are: (1) elaboration of the definition of the quality of internationalisation and identification of (2) instruments used in the assessment process and (3) the benefits of assessing the quality of internationalisation. In order to achieve this goal, the analysis of existing data (desk research) method was used. The paper concludes with the observation that there are no universal standards for assessment of the quality of internationalisation. However, some interesting instruments, which have been developed over the last years, have been presented in the article.
PL
W artykule określono następujące cele odnoszące się do szkół wyższych: (1) opracowanie definicji jakości internacjonalizacji, (2) identyfikacja instrumentów wykorzystywanych w procesie oceny oraz (3) ukazanie korzyści z oceny jakości umiędzynarodowienia. Wykorzystano w nim analizę danych zastanych (desk research). Artykuł kończy się stwierdzeniem, że nie ma uniwersalnych standardów oceny jakości internacjonalizacji. Przedstawiono w nim jednak kilka interesujących, opracowanych w ostatnich latach instrumentów oceny jakości umiędzynarodowienia.
EN
Poland, among 146 countries which have been included in the research of the World Bank assessing the development of the level of the knowledge-based economy, is on the 37th position with a result of 7.41 (in a scale from 0 to 10). In the European Union, Poland is on the 24th position (before Greece, Bulgaria and Romania). According to the Lisbon Strategy, only the konwledge-based economy is an appropriate way to gain a leader role in the highly competitive market. Appropriately educated human capital is one of the most important tools which will lead to building the predominance. In this context, the world "appropriately" means that human resources have to be educated to relate to the needs of the labour market - the needs of the economy. It is necessary that the government creates conditions and incentives for studying in the fields which are in demand. Social and structural changes on national and global market will determinate changes in education. In the 21st century, more than half of the workers will need the knowledge and skills which today are possessed by only 20% of the population.
XX
Przypomniano podstawowe fakty z początków istnienia SGH i dalszy rozwój tej instystucji.
EN
The main problem addressed in the paper is the question of functionality of intelligent systems in the administrative areas of organizations, on the example of an university. In the paper an attempt to formalize a formal, legal text - bylaw of University of Economics in Katowice - is presented. The need of temporal formalization is pointed out, the problems with formalizing legal texts are listed, and the case study concerning the studies' bylaw is discussed.
PL
W artykule podjęto dyskusję na temat sytuacji absolwentów na rynku pracy. Weryfikację empiryczną przeprowadzono w oparciu o dane zaczerpnięte z Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego. Zaprezentowane badanie posiada charakter pilotażowy i dotyczy 1189 absolwentów Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Grupowania absolwentów dokonano przy użyciu metody Warda, stosując odległość eukli-desową. Przeprowadzona procedura pozwoliła na wyodrębnienie sześciu grup absolwen-tów różniących się profilem ekonomicznym. Najogólniej najwyższe prywatne korzyści finansowe z wykształcenia wyższego odnoszą absolwenci kierunków: informatyka, infor-matyka i ekonometria oraz technologia drewna, zaś najniższe absolwenci architektury krajobrazu oraz ochrony środowiska.
EN
The paper discusses the situation of graduates in the labor market. Empirical verification was based on data taken from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. The research is a pilot study and concerns 2095 graduates of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Cluster analysis was performed using Ward’s method and squared Euclidean distance. Six strategic groups of graduates differing in economic profile were delineated. In general, the highest private monetary benefits of higher education were achieved by graduates of three fields of study: Informatics, Informatics and Econometrics and Wood Technology, while the lowest graduates of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Protection.
EN
In agreement with P.G. Altbach and J. Knight the international activities of HEIs significantly expanded in volume, scope, and complexity during the past three decades. There are many forms of internationalization, that are presented in this paper. Particular attention is devoted to the issue of internationalization in Polish and Ukrainian higher education. The conducted by the authors research attempts to carry out a comparative analysis of internationalization processes in Polish and Ukrainian higher education as well as to propose recommendations in this regard.
PL
Zdaniem P.G. Altbacha i J. Knight zakres działań podejmowanych przez instytucje szkolnictwa wyższego w obszarze internacjonalizacji w ciągu ostatnich trzech dekad został znacznie rozszerzony i stały się one bardziej złożone. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono różne formy internacjonalizacji. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono internacjonalizacji w polskim i ukraińskim szkolnictwie wyższym. W ramach przeprowadzonych przez autorki badań podjęto próbę analizy porównawczej procesów internacjonalizacji polskiego i ukraińskiego szkolnictwa wyższego. Ponadto zaproponowano rekomendacje w tym zakresie.
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