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Działalność wywiadowcza Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki w dobie pozimnowojennej

100%
Furgacz P.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2010
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issue 2(14)
175-196
EN
In recent years a growing intelligence activity of the People’s Republic of China has been observed by U.S. counterintelligence services. The increasing expansion of Chinese intelligence in the United States of America is a serious threat to American national security. Chinese espionage on U.S. territory is so common and so intensive that it became a topic of national debate. A real breakthrough in perceiving this threat was issuing the so -called Cox report which took place during Bill Clinton’s second term. The conclusions of the report were alarming, to put it mildly. The article shortly presents the crucial theses of the Cox report and controversies regarding its conclusions. Moreover, it raises the question of cyberespionage and cyberwarfare – a kind of Chinese intelligence activity that is very troublesome to various U.S. institutions. The highly computerized and informatized United States seem to be extraordinarily vulnerable to acts of cyberterrorism and cyberespionage. It is a real Achilles’ heel of the USA. Apart from that, the article enumerates and describes the most characteristic features of Chinese spying activities in the USA. The presidency of George W. Bush witnessed further intensification of unfriendly activities of Chinese spies. It was reflected by many well -known cases of Chinese spies identified and arrested by U.S. counterintelligence institutions and then found guilty by U.S. courts. Several examples of such cases are presented in the article as well as the spheres and fields that are especially susceptible to Chinese intelligence penetration.
2
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"Gazeta Warszawska" wobec wojny o niepodległość Stanów Zjednoczonych w latach 1778-1782

100%
Kęder W.
Rocznik Bibliologiczno-Prasoznawczy
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2011
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vol. 14
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issue 3
89-103
EN
Relating the course of the American War of Independence in the columns of the "Gazeta Warszawska" Stefan Łuskina - the editor and publisher of the "Gazeta Warszawska" did not restrict his remarks only to the trend of events in North America but also to other areas engaged in armed conflicts: treating Europę, Central America, South America, Asia and Africa equally. This elucidates his presentation of the general panorama of this conflict, also embracing the struggle in the Carribean Sea, sub Gibraltan Europe, on the islands of the La Manche Canal, the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the coasts of India and Africa. Thanks to this the polish reader had the opportunity to be acquainted with the trend of this conflict in all aspects. Thanks to the "Gazeta Warszawska" in which, during the years under survey 1778-1782, the issue of the American War of Independence dominated, polish public opinion was informed about the course of the American War of Independence just like the other European countries, and the polish reader had the opportunity of discerning the entire semblance of the strife that resulted in the attainment, by the rebellious colonies, of independence and the founding of the United States of America.
3
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WSPÓŁCZESNA POLSKA EMIGRACJA W STANACH ZJEDNOCZONYCH: SKALA, ROZMIESZCZENIE PRZESTRZENNE, PRZYCZYNY WYJAZDÓW

100%
Fiń A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2014
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vol. 40
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issue 2(152)
105-130
EN
This article focuses on the issue of contemporary Polish emigration to the United States. In the recent years, particularly in the Polish literature, much attention has been paid to the issue of post-accession Polish migrations. Simultaneously, a weakening interest in the processes of Polish emigration to the US and also in the issues of the American Polonia has been observed. This article is an attempt to fill the emerging research gaps. It focuses on the scale of contemporary Polish emigration, its spatial distribution, and main incentives for emigrating. An important aim of this paper is also to provide an answer to the question whether this emigration is only of economic character, or are there other factors at play?
4

KYBERNETICKÉ ÚTOKY POČAS PREZIDENTSKEJ KAMPANE V SPOJENÝCH ŠTÁTOCH AMERICKÝCH V ROKU 2016

100%
Štefík R.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
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2017
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vol. 10
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issue 1
65 – 81
EN
The rapid growing informatization by the end of 90s in last century became crucial to society development. This new situation became new challenges regarding personal and national security. Internet as a global network create cyberspace, which is becoming increasingly a domain for cyber confrontation. The aim of this article is to review cyber-attacks which took place during US president election in 2016. These cyber-attacks have brought fundamental change in perception of cyber threats and impact of cyber-attacks to political functions and legitimacy.
5

JOHANN CARL ZINNER

75%
Winkler P.
Mesto a dejiny
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2015
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vol. 4
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issue 2
56 – 61
EN
The study presents a brief biography of university teacher, scientist and intellectual Carl Johannes Zinner († around 1810). His activities are connected in a special way with Košice, he worked at the Royal Academy. Interest in the modern history of the United States led him to make contact with Benjamin Franklin. In consideration of this he obtained a special position in the history of Hungary and belonged to the important persons of history at the late 18th century. The study maps Zinner's life, work as well as scientific and political thoughts of Zinner to the recent or past events.
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