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EN
The article deals with the results of excavations carried out at the site Czółnów 33 (AZP 40-09/136), Myślibórz commune, zachodniopomorskie voivodeship. The investigations resulted in revealing a settlement of the Lusatian culture, which functioned mainly in the younger and later periods of the Bronze Age.
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Reportaż na Pomorzu. Rekonesans

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EN
Szczecin – a town of many identities, the capital of West Pomerania, an urban agglomeration situated about 100 km away from Berlin on one hand and on the other away from the Baltic Sea, with a prosperous (at one time) harbour, by its inhabitants called ‘a window to the world’. Szczecin is situated near the border between Poland and Germany and is culturally differentiated. It is a town of contradictions and compromises, seemingly open thanks to the access to the sea, on the other hand strongly distancing itself from its German past, which is to be seen in the names dating back to the times of the Polish People’s Republic, when this region used to be called ‘the recovered territories’. And so is the reportage in Pomerania. The reportage that is compatible with the town because of its borderland character, its vagueness and diversity.
PL
The issue of the earliest medieval settlement in West Pomerania continues to generate discussions in the context of its dating and spread to various regions. The latest growth in the number of new archaeological sources related to this issue necessitates a new approach to the process of formation thereof. An attempt at explaining the chronological relations of this settlement in the face of the latest ancient settlement is a separate issue.
PL
The issue of the earliest medieval settlement in West Pomerania continues to generate discussions in the context of its dating and spread to various regions. The latest growth in the number of new archaeological sources related to this issue necessitates a new approach to the process of formation thereof. An attempt at explaining the chronological relations of this settlement in the face of the latest ancient settlement is a separate issue.
DE
Bisherige Untersuchungen über Jost, Begründer des Adelsgeschlechts Justh, gaben keine eindeutige Antwort auf die Frage über seine Herkunft. Ältere, aber auch neuere Untersuchungen setzten voraus, dass die Wurzeln des Geschlechts in Böhmen liegen, aber es gab auch Lokalisierungen in Schlesien und Pommern. Eine bedeutende Indiz, die auf Pommern hinweist, ist eine Urkunde aus dem Jahr 1476. Sie erwähnt den Stiefbruder von Jost Georg mit dem Adelsprädikat „de Kussaw“ und seine Erbgüter in der Mark auf dem Stettin. Die Herkunft von Jost und seinen Verwandten haben wir auf dem Gebiet von Hinterpommern in den Gemeinden Groß Küssow (heute Koszewo) und Klein Küssow (heute Koszewko) identifiziert. Das Adelsprädikat „von Küssow“ benutzte hiesiges Adelsgeschlecht, das im Spätmittelalter aus mehreren Zweigen bestand. Einer der Geschlechtszweige besaß Eigengüter in Megow (heute Mechowo). Einer der Mitbesitzer von Megow war im Jahr 1433 auch von Jost, dessen Herkunft untersucht wird. Zusammen mit Henning aus dem Geschlecht Cernin (von der Insel Usedom) traten in Dienste des ungarischen Königes Sigismund von Luxemburg. Sie begleiteten ihn auch im Jahr 1433, als er in Rom zum römischen Kaiser gekrönt wurde. Henning und Jost bekamen für ihre Dienste von Sigismund die Burg Cserép (in der Region Borsod in Ungarn) als Pfand. Beide Adligen wirkten in Diensten des ungarischen Königs Albrecht von Habsburg als Ritter. Nach seinem Tod gaben Henning und Jost im Jahr 1441 der Witwe, Königin Elisabeth, die Burg Cserép ab, aber von der Königin bekamen sie für 4000 Gulden die Burg Vígľaš im Gau Altsohl (heute Zvolen). Jost wurde auf Vígľaš zum Kapitän und seit 40er Jahren des 15. Jahrhunderts war er beim Kampf um den ungarischen Thron ein Alliierter des Befehlhabers Johann Giskra von Brandeis. Dank der erfolgreich angewandten Taktik bei den Machtkämpfen konnte er dem ungarischen Adel zuordnen und auch bei Herrscherwechseln seine Eigengüter auf Vígľaš erhalten und erweitern. Erhaltene schriftliche Quellen zeugen auch von wirtschaftlichen Bindungen von Jost mit Bürgern aus Bergstädten Neusohl und Kremnitz. Zur Etablierung in Ungarn trugen auch Trauungen von Josts Kindern mit seinen ehemaligen Opponenten bei, mit Adelsgeschlechtern Balassa und Etre.
PL
Sieć społeczna ludności Pomorza Zachodniego, których częścią są ludzie morza, ma heterogeniczny charakter zarówno w perspektywie strukturalnej, jak i funkcjonalnej. Większa część mieszkańców Szczecina, stolicy regionu, wywodzi się z obszarów słabo zurbanizowanych, nie była przygotowana do życia i pracy w mieście portowym. Teoretyczną i empiryczną podstawę rozważań w artykule stanowią badania własne autora i siedzemdziesięcioletni dorobek środowiska naukowego socjologów Pomorza Zachodniego. Artykuł składa się z trzech części. Pierwszy omawia problemy migracji i adaptacji do nowego środowiska społeczno-kulturowego osadników z różnych regionów Polski. W drugiej części przedstawiono proces formalizacji i instytucjonalizacji kręgów socjologicznych oraz ich instytucji, rozpoczęte pierwsze próby badawcze i wydawnicze. Część trzecia to przestrzeń kulturowa i akademicka jako etap uniwersytecki, w którym kontynuowano rozpoczęte wcześniej badania ludzi morza i przymorza oraz poszerzono je o zakres problemów międzynarodowych, publikowanych we własnym periodyku naukowym „Roczniki Socjologii Morskiej/Annuals of Marine Sociology” oraz w wydawnictwach krajowych i międzynarodowych, a także w Encyklopedii Szczecina, wydanej z okazji siedemdziesięciolecia miasta.
EN
Social Network of the population of Western Pomerania, which is a part of the people of the sea, has a heterogeneous character in both – the structural and functional perspectives. The greater part of Szczecin inhabitants, the regional capital, is derived from the poorly urbanized areas and is not prepared to live and work in the port city. The theoretical and empirical basis for discussion in the article are the author’s own research and 70 years of scientific achievements of sociologists from Western Pomerania. The article consists of three parts. The first discusses the problems of adaptation and migration to the new socio-cultural environment. The second part presents the process of formalization and institutionalization of sociological circles. Here began the first research and publication attempts. The third part is the university phase, which continue researches started earlier on people of the sea and littoral and extend it on international issues, published in own scientific journal “Marine Annals of Sociology/Annuals of Marine Sociology” and in other national and international publications and also in the Szczecin Encyclopedia, released on the issue of the 70th anniversary of the Szczecin City.
EN
The article concerns the principles and the evolution of the education policy regarding the native populace and the means of its implementation in West Pomerania in 1950–1956. It discusses the issues of compulsory education, material conditions of education among the native populace, the disposition of local political and administrative authorities towards the educational system, the level of education and of the educators in the facilities as well as the attitude of the Polish environment towards the native pupils.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest założeniom i ewolucji polityki oświatowej wobec ludności rodzimej i sposobom jej realizacji na terenie Pomorza Zachodniego w okresie 1950–1956. Omówione zostają kwestie realizacji obowiązku szkolnego, warunków materialnych w jakich pracowało szkolnictwo w skupiskach ludności autochtonicznej, stosunku do niego terenowych władz politycznych i administracyjnych, poziomu kształcenia i kadry pedagogicznej w tych placówkach oraz stosunku do uczniów-autochtonów polskiego otoczenia.
EN
The cross-border tourism product is a compilation of elements of the tourism potential of the cross-border area that cater to the diverse needs of tourists. The functioning of the cross-border tourism product is determined by many different natural and anthropogenic factors, such as accessibility, type and quality of tourism infrastructure, and quality of the natural environment. The process of creating the total tourism product involves many entities acting on both sides of the border. These include regional and local tourist organizations, local government units, and stakeholders interested in the development of tourism. Among the areas that could shape a total tourist product are West Pomerania in Poland and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in Germany. In the process of developing a total tourism product, the key role is played by entities acting at the regional level. However, owing to the diversity of the administration systems in Poland and Germany, the degree of their involvement in the creation of the cross-border tourism product is different. The purpose of the paper is to identify entities involved in the process of creating the cross-border tourism product and to determine their role in the case study of West Pomerania and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
PL
Polska myśl zachodnia to jeden z ciekawszych nurtów intelektualnych w powojennych dziejach Polski. Obejmował bardzo szerokie spektrum od zagadnień ideologicznych i politycznych, przez etniczne, demograficzne i wyznaniowe aż po kulturalne, społeczne i gospodarcze. Największą aktywność środowisko wykazywało w latach czterdziestych, pod koniec dekady stając się ofiarą stalinowskiej unifikacji. Odrodzenie dążeń do szczególnej aktywizacji polityki wobec ziem zachodnich i północnych nastąpiło po powrocie do władzy Władysława Gomułki, a główną formą organizacyjną środowiska stało się Towarzystwo Rozwoju Ziem Zachodnich. Ze względu na Pomorze Zachodnie jako region, na którym tkankę społeczną po wojnie zbudowano niemal od zera, pozbawiony rozbudowanej warstwy inteligenckiej i będący ofiarą centrystycznych założeń okresu realizacji planu sześcioletniego jest niezwykle interesującym przykładem eksplozji aktywności myśli zachodniej po 1956 roku i stopniowego jej wygaszania w kolejnych latach. Obserwacja okoliczności powstawania TRZZ w Szczecinie, pozwala na zrozumienie głównych tendencji w budowaniu jego relacji z władzą i jednocześnie prób realizacji aspiracji społeczeństwa. W tych warunkach krzepło nowe, lokalne środowisko intelektualne, krystalizowały się zasady jego udziału w życiu publicznym i jednocześnie kształtowały się zasady oddolnej aktywności społeczeństwa w ramach istniejącego systemu społeczno-politycznego. w gorącym okresie popaździernikowym.
Raport
|
2013
|
vol. 8
63-79
EN
The report presents the results of excavations carried out in 2007 at site 76 in Kozielice (AZP 37-07/43), loco commune, zachodniopomorskie voivodeship, in the context of the planned construction of the S-3 motorway. The archaeological features revealed at this location were largely related to the settlement of the Lusatian culture characteristic of the end of the Bronze Age and, above all, the Early Iron Age in this part of West Pomerania. The site recorded also individual relics from the pre-historic periods and from the Early Middle Ages.
EN
The article deals with the communist propaganda, which was supposed to convince the readers of the advantages of productive cooperatives and state agricultural farms during the period of intensive collectivisation of the Polish villages. ‘Głos Szczeciński’ was a newspaper that played a very special role in the communist propaganda in West Pomerania. The Polish community was indoctrinated there through a manipulated image of the reality presented in documentaries, commentaries and reports of the party’s and state’s bodies. The articles published in ‘Głos Szczeciński’ dealt with such problems as the creation of new cooperatives, the completion of production plans, work competition, the role of the party and the fight against the kulaks (Russian: кулáк).
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the formation of electoral preferences during the accession referendum to the European Union and in individual electorates to the European Parliament in constituency no. 13 - which includes the West Pomeranian and Lubusz Voivodeships - compared to all-Poland results. Both in the 1990s and at the beginning of the 21st century, the inhabitants of both regions demonstrated leftist electoral preferences. The change in electoral behavior took place during the first EP elections, and then proceeded in subsequent elections not only to the European Parliament, but also to the national parliament, as well elections of the President of the Republic of Poland and local authorities. Thanks to a comparative analysis of individual elections, it will be possible to verify the hypothesis that in the analyzed voivodeships included in constituency no.13 there was a change from leftist electoral preferences towards the center of the political scene.
EN
The paper is an attempt to demonstrate the diversified dynamics of territorial development of the Reformation in the Szczecin Duchy (German: das Herzogtum Pommern-Stettin) from its beginning to the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The thesis of a slower pace of the transformation of the ecclesiastical and religious relations east of Góra Chełmska (German: Gollenberg) is not new; the novelty consists in demonstrating the scale of the delay, its genesis and conditions, among which the things that should be emphasised are the ethnic and language differences on the one hand and on the other the socio-economic differences, and the attitude of the Ducal authorities and the new Church towards evangelisation of the Kashubian population, which in practice was reduced to its discrimination.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą wykazania zróżnicowanej dynamiki rozwoju terytorialnego reformacji w Księstwie Szczecińskim od jej narodzin do przełomu XVI–XVII wieku. Teza o wolniejszym tempie przebudowy stosunków kościelnych oraz wyznaniowych na wschód od Góry Chełmskiej nie jest nowa, novum stanowi natomiast ukazanie skali opóźnienia, jego genezy i uwarunkowań, wśród których ważne były odmienności etniczno-językowe, społeczno-ekonomiczne oraz stosunek władzy książęcej i nowego Kościoła do ewangelickiej ludności kaszubskiej, w praktyce prowadzący do jej dyskryminacji.
EN
The oldest illustration that presents a plan of the monastery and adjoining buildings is a vignette on the Lubinus’s map from 1618, made 83 years after a revocation of the monastery in 1535. At that time many buildings had been already demolished. Further devastation of the monastery, affecting in particular the side aisles of the church and a considerable part of the claustrum, took place in 1720. Later, houses and outbuildings were built in place of the monastery, structures which were still used after 1945. In 1960 a suggestion was made to clear and protect the abbey against further devastation.Owing to the necessity of establishing the extent of the monastery and ensuring that the church was an area of special conservation care, it was necessary to carry out architectural and archaeological research. More detailed study of the revealed remains was made after the end of the research in 1964. The measurements of the church and all monastic wings were established as well as stages of their completion. In the first stage, from c.1210 to about the half of the 13th century (most likely to 1247), on the initiative of the abbot Rudolf, a chancel, a transept and two bays of the church central nave were built as well as northern parts of the wings: to the west was the house of the conversi. In the second stage, between 1250 and 1300, the next 6 bays of the church central nave were built; the west and east wings were completed reaching their full size which is preserved to the present day; in addition a south wing with a separate refectory was built from a scratch. At the same time cloisters and two wells were also constructed: one by the house of the conversi and the other, across from the refectory. In the third stage, in 1347, the church presbytery was converted providing it with a many-sided termination. Further excavations were carried out in 1978-1983 aiming to reveal the scope of the abbot’s house and find the relicts of the cloister garth. As the result of the archaeological excavations, it was established that the abbot’s house with precincts was located between two canals that supplied the monastery with water from the Płonia river and channelled its sewage. It was also confirmed that it was built in two stages. In the first stage, dated by historians to years after 1300 – most likely c.1330, while the earliest possible date based on the archaeological materials is the second half of the 14th century, the northern part of the precinct was built together with the cloister and outbuildings. In the second stage dated by historians initially to the 15th century, the abbot’s house was extended to the south as far as the channel, and it was provided with a monumental, richly moulded portal from the side of the cloister garth that stressed the functional importance of the building.
EN
Abstract: The article presents items generally referred to as jewellery from the early medieval stronghold in Kamień Pomorski. Its aim is a presentation of finds and an attempt to verify the dating of settlement layers.
EN
Abstract: Wild animals from West Pomerania from the early Middle Ages were examined based on bone remains, excavated in the course of many years of excavations conducted by Szczecin archaeologists in this area. There were determined remains in terms of species as well as shares of individual taxa in this bone assemblage were analysed. In addition, morphological characterization of some animals was presented, using for this purpose osteometric features and calculated height of the withers. The results were compared with the data available in the literature.
EN
Abstract: On site 1 in Wolin, in test trenches were discovered numerous antler artefacts associated with two comb production workshops from the 10th-11th century. There were produced only one-sided, three-layer combs of group IB, type VII, varieties 7f and 8a as well as varieties 5b and 9. From the waste were produced also conical holders, rectangular mounts, arrowheads, tool handles, pegs, curry combs, while of bone were occasionally made awls.
EN
This article discusses typological and chronological issues relating to an unusual sword recovered from the Szczecin Lagoon. The likely origins of the weapon are considered with comparative objects bearing similar characteristics.
EN
This article is a study of the collection of the ancient metal artefacts that were found in the Ina valley to the south of Suchań, Stargard Szczeciński County. The finds are dated from the Bronze Age to the Roman Period. The collection is of great informative value not only because of unusual environment of deposition, but also because some artefacts are of great material and artistic value. Two objects deserve special mention: a necklace of a Wendelring type and a silver fibula with a double spring, for which there are no close analogies. Furthermore, because of the fact that relatively little is known in terms of archaeology in this area, the finds give new information that help understand the regional cultural situation. It is worth mentioning that from the Bronze Age there are only tools and weaponry, i.e. a sickle, axes and a spearhead, whereas from the Hallstatt Period and the Roman Period aretefacts consist only of ornaments and coins. It is also important to note that there is a chronological as well as typological similarity of the finds from Suchań to the finds from the site at Buczek, Białogard County. Artefacts from the Bronze Age probably served as substitute grave goods or sacrificial objects, whereas the finds from the Roman Period could be sacrificial.
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