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EN
Developments that have been observed in the last decades (globalisation, postmodernism, postcolonialism) have influenced changes in European critical discourse and brought cultural phenomena to the fore. One of the consequences of this new postcolonial consciousness is the challenging of the 19th century concept of Weltliteratur, which is based on Western European tradition. The author of the article refers to the postcolonial writings of E. Said, G.Ch. Spivak and H.K. Bhabhy as well as the concept of cultural dialogue by H. Gadamer, E. Levinas, P. Ricoeur and regards Polish contemporary literature from the perspective of Western research where the traditional, Platonian model of European culture as being a universal culture, is replaced by a dynamic, intercultural interaction. Confronting “homeliness” with “foreigness” produces less narrow assessments. Hierarchies and conditions disappear here and common cultural experience seems to be most important.
EN
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the important role that fiction can play in the reconstruction of historical memory. We start from some concepts proposed by phenomenology, and those wisely used by the literary pragmatics and aesthetics of reception, in order to explain the effect that fiction has on the reader regardless of contents or themes. The choice of Los girasoles ciegos is to illustrate the effectiveness of fictional stories in the reconstruction of historical memory through the use of four stories present suitable formal features. These stories allow the reader to interpret the text as own experience.
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EN
This text represents an attempt to analyze the main premises of Rita Felski’s theoretical project presented in her book Uses of Literature, translated into Polish as Literatura w użyciu (Literature in Use). The American scholar’s reflections, focused on problems of reception aesthetic and constituting a polemic with the concept, crucial to contemporary literary theory, of the hermeneutics of suspicion and with critical theory, are here interpreted using the four concepts relied on by Felski in the book: recognition enchantment, knowledge and shock. They constitute various forms of readerly engagement with the text and various forms of use, of applications of literature in practices of everyday, non-specialist reading. This article identifies Felski’s attempt to disrupt the elitism of literary studies and their exclusionary stance toward non-professional readers as one of the most important elements in her project as put forth in the book.
PL
Tekst stanowi próbę analizy kluczowych założeń projektu teoretycznego Rity Felski, przedstawionego w książce Uses of Literature, przetłumaczonej na język polski jako Literatura w użyciu. Refleksje amerykańskiej badaczki, skoncentrowane wokół zagadnień estetyki odbioru i stanowiące polemikę z kluczową dla współczesnych badań literackich hermeneutyką podejrzeń oraz teorią krytyczną, zostają poddane interpretacji na podstawie czterech pojęć: rozpoznanie, oczarowanie, wiedza i szok. Stanowią one różne formy zaangażowania czytelnika w tekst oraz różne sposoby użycia, zastosowania literatury w akcie powszechnej, niespecjalistycznej lektury. Za jeden z najważniejszych elementów projektu Felski uznana zostaje tu próba przełamania elitarności badań literackich oraz ich wykluczającego względem czytelników nieprofesjonalnych charakteru.
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