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“Are we not Men?”: Reading the Human-Animal Interface in Science Fiction through John Berger’s “Why Look at Animals?”

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Smolnikov A., Okuń-Jaśkowiak A., Głaz A., Kniaź-Hunek L., Bendrat A., Prażmo E., Terejko P., Szczypa P., Czemiel G., Antoszek E., Galant J., Komsta M., Frelik E., Waszkiewicz A., Oleszczuk A., Waszkiewicz A., Okuń-Jaśkowiak A.
New Horizons in English Studies
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2020
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issue 5
EN
The so-called animal turn in literature has fostered the evolution of animal studies, a discipline aimed at interrogating the ontological, ethical, and metaphysical implications of animal depictions. Animal studies deals with representation and agency in literature, and its insights have fundamental implications for understanding the conception and progression of human-animal interactions. Considering questions raised by animal studies in the context of literary depictions of animals in science fiction, this article threads John Berger’s characterization of the present as a time of radical marginalization of animals in his essay “Why Look at Animals?” through two highly influential science fiction texts: H. G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau and Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?. Applying Berger’s reasoning to these two novels raises issues of personhood, criteria for ontological demarcation, and the dynamics of power, providing an opportunity to clarify, modify, and refute a number of his finer claims. This process of refinement allows us to track conceptions of human-animal interactions through the literary landscape and explore their extrapolations into various speculative contexts, including the frontiers of science and post-apocalyptic worlds.
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ANIMAL TURN AS A META-TURN?

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MAMZER H.
Society Register
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2019
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vol. 3
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issue 3
7-17
EN
Human sciences as a reflection of social transformations fluctuate with dynamic changes of current cognitive paradigms. Following the textual and visual turn and the turn towards things (objects), there are intensified tendencies to think in terms of an “animal turn”, which becomes close not only to activists and pro-animal activists but also to scientifically engaged humanists. I believe, however, that the animal turn should be treated as a meta-turn: a process that requires a change in the relationship between the reflecting subject and the object of reflection, and not only as a specific kind of representation of the surrounding world. In the proposed text, I attempt to analyze the causes of the turn towards animals. I also address the theme of cognitive resistance in view of the recognition of animal studies as a fully-fledged theoretical and research area of contemporary humanities.
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„Tu nic nie jest moje / i wszystko jest moje” – niewidzialni mieszkańcy miasta w poezji Ilony Witkowskiej

88%
Nowacka S.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2021
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issue 11
143-151
EN
The aim of the article is to present the human and non-human relations of the city’s inhabitants in the poetry of Ilona Witkowska. The author, using the perspective of interdisciplinary HAS (Human-Animal Studies) research, analyses individual works included in the collections of poems Splendida realta (2012) and Lucifer wins (2017), showing the links between Witkowska’s politically engaged poetry and selected threads of contemporary biopolitical thought. The author tries to show places in Witkowska’s reflection on the relationship of people and animals in urban space which can be connected with the animal turn in the humanities and political philosophy.
4
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Zwierzęce zaangażowanie najnowszej poezji polskiej

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Łaszczuk A.
Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich
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2019
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vol. 62
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issue 1 (129)
81-96
EN
The article starts with a summary of discussion that erupted after the publication of the Zebrało się śliny anthology with regard to the phenomenon of “engaged poetry.” According to the author, there has emerged a group of poets who directly and actively refer in their works to current discourses, including new animal theories. This “animal” engagement of new Polish poetry is realized within three basic conceptual frameworks: connections with capitalism, analogies between animal exploitation and the patriarchal system, as well as the process of technocratization.
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