Search results

1

Особенности Аппроксимации Природоохранного Законодательства Украины К Европейскому Праву И Экологической Политике

100%

Khlobystov I., Kolmakova V., Narizhna T.

MIND Journal

|

2017

|

issue 4

1-12

EN

The scientific foundation for approximation of the environmental legislation of Ukraine to the European law and ecological policy are considered. Based on identified features and factors of European environmental law origin and development, key aspects and strategic direction for implementing it into environmental policy of Ukraine by sectors were substantiated. Sectoral analysis of the current state of approximation of the environmental legislation of Ukraine to the European environmental law was carried out in the context of transposition and implementation. Proposals have been developed to improve the effectiveness of national environmental policy in the context of decentralization and European integration processes.

2

Rounding in the problem of the allocation of indivisible goods

100%

Cegiełka K., Łyko J.

Didactics of Mathematics

|

2017

|

issue 14(18)

5-18

EN

Using approximate, rounded values implies, in a sense, that an exact numerical value may be ignored. In many cases the difference between the exact and approximate values is not important, and replacing exact numbers by their approximate values does not result in undesired consequences. Yet in certain circumstances, rounding significantly influences the solutions of given problems. This is the case, among others, when we allocate indivisible goods. It may happen that the rounding mode affects the result of allocation so much that the rounding differences cannot be neglected by the agents participating in distribution. This paper presents the classic problem of distributing mandates in representative bodies along with different rounding modes in respective solution procedures.

3

Approximation and supposition

100%

Duškin M.

Cognitive Studies

|

2010

|

issue 10

EN

Approximation and suppositionThis article compares exponents of approximation (expressions like Russian около, примерно, приблизительно, более, свыше) and the words expressing supposition (for example Russian скорее всего, наверное, возможно). These words are often confused in research, in particular researchers often mention exponents of supposition in case of exponents of approximation. Such approach arouses some objections.The author intends to demonstrate in this article a notional difference between approximation and supposition, therefore the difference between exponents of these two notions. This difference could be described by specifying different attitude of approximation and supposition to the notion of knowledge. Supposition implies speaker’s ignorance of the exact number, while approximation does not mean such ignorance. The article offers examples proving this point of view.

4

Application of Dagum economic distances to the analysis of wage distributions in Poland

100%

Jędrzejczak A., University of Łódź C. o. S. M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

|

1997

|

vol. 141

EN

Studies in the field of wage and income distribution concentrate on measuring income inequality. We can investigate both the inequality within the population and the inequality between the populations. The latter can be called the economic distance of one population with respect to another. In the paper we present economic distance ratios. Do and D1 introduced by Dagum. They were calculated for the empirical distributions of wages in Poland (nonparametric form) and for the corresponding theoretical ones derived from the Dagum function (parametric form).

5

Bulgarian media policy and law: How much Europeanization

88%

Ognyanova N.

Central European Journal of Communication

|

2009

|

vol. 2

|

issue 1(2)

27-41

EN

The present paper diff erentiates between two related but not identical processes: on the one hand, the approximation of Bulgarian media law with Community law, and on the other the real transformations in the media sector caused by the process of the EU integration of Bulgaria. The Com- munity law implementation is a prerequisite for the legislative reform in countries in accession but it is only one of the elements of EU conditionality. The critical analysis of the effectiveness of EU condi- tionality in respect of Bulgarian media policy and law has been carried out.

6

A Simple Discrete Approximation for the Renewal Function

75%

Brezavšček A.

Business Systems Research Journal

|

2013

|

vol. 4

|

issue 1

65-75

EN

Background: The renewal function is widely useful in the areas of reliability, maintenance and spare component inventory planning. Its calculation relies on the type of the probability density function of component failure times which can be, regarding the region of the component lifetime, modelled either by the exponential or by one of the peak-shaped density functions. For most peak-shaped distribution families the closed form of the renewal function is not available. Many approximate solutions can be found in the literature, but calculations are often tedious. Simple formulas are usually obtained for a limited range of functions only. Objectives: We propose a new approach for evaluation of the renewal function by the use of a simple discrete approximation method, applicable to any probability density function. Methods/Approach: The approximation is based on the well known renewal equation. Results: The usefulness is proved through some numerical results using the normal, lognormal, Weibull and gamma density functions. The accuracy is analysed using the normal density function. Conclusions: The approximation proposed enables simple and fairly accurate calculation of the renewal function irrespective of the type of the probability density function. It is especially applicable to the peak-shaped density functions when the analytical solution hardly ever exists.

7

The Rule of Law Promotion Through Trade in the “Associated” Eastern Neighbourhood

75%

Rabinovych M.

Polish Yearbook of International Law

|

2017

|

vol. 37

71-100

EN

This article aims to investigate the phenomenon of the rule of law promotion exercised by the EU through the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements (DCFTAs). First, the article emphasizes the unique combination of normative and market power the EU uses to diffuse its norms through trade liberalization. Next, it provides an insight into the particularities of the European Neighbourhood Policy as a policy context for the conclusion and implementation of the Association Agreements, including the DCFTAs with Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, as well as the conceptual problematic and scope of the rule of law as a value the EU seeks to externalize. Using the DCFTAs with Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia as a single group case study of the transparency dimension of the rule of law, the central part of the article analyzes the DCFTAs substantive requirements, directed toward promoting transparency in the partner states (while categorizing the requirements into the most general ones; cooperationrelated; and disciplinespecific) and the legal mechanisms that make these clauses operational (e.g., the institutional framework of the AAs, gradual approximation and monitoring clauses, and the Dispute Settlement Mechanism). In concluding, the article summarizes the stateoftheart of the rule of law promotion through the DCFTAs, distinguishes the major challenges the respective phenomenon faces, and emphasizes the prospects for and difficulties of using the DCFTAs as an instrument of rule of law promotion.

8

Approximating Financial Time Series with Wavelets

63%

Hadaś-Dyduch M.

Argumenta Oeconomica Cracoviensia

|

2017

|

issue 16

9-22

EN

Financial time series show many characteristic properties including the phenomenon of clustering of variance, fat-tail distribution, and negative correlation between the rates of return and the volatility of their variance. These facts often render standard methods of parameter estimation and forecasting ineffective. An important feature of financial time series is that they can be characterized by long samples. This causes the models used for their estimation to potentially be more extensive. The aim of the article is to use wavelets to approximate and predict a series. The article describes the author’s model for financial time forecasting and provides basic information about wavelets necessary for proper understanding of the proposed wavelet algorithm. The algorithm uses a Daubechies wavelet.

PL

Finansowe szeregi czasowe wykazują charakterystyczne własności. Wśród nich można wymienić m.in.: występowanie zjawiska grupowania wariancji, leptokurtyczność rozkładów stóp zwrotu (tzw. grube ogony rozkładu) oraz ujemną korelację pomiędzy stopami zwrotu a zmiennością ich wariancji. Zjawiska te powodują, że w wielu przypadkach stosowanie standardowych metod estymacji parametrów i prognozowania nie przynosi zadowalających rezultatów. Ważną cechą finansowych szeregów czasowych jest fakt, że szeregi finansowe charakteryzują się długimi próbkami, co powoduje, że stosowane do ich estymacji modele mogą być bardziej rozbudowane. Celem artykułu jest aproksymacja i predykcja szeregów finansowych z falkami z uwzględnieniem tzw. efektów brzegowych. W artykule opisano autorski model prognozowania finansowych szeregów czasowych oraz przedstawiono podstawowe informacje o falkach niezbędne do właściwego zrozumienia proponowanego algorytmu falkowego. W autorskim algorytmie wykorzystano falkę Daubechies.

9

Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) and Their Impact on Approximation of Ukrainian Tort Law to European Standards

63%

Otradnova O.

Studia Iuridica

|

2017

|

vol. 71

159-168

EN

Ukraine has chosen its way of development towards Europe, European values and respect for human dignity and human rights. The signing of the Association Agreement in 2014 obliged Ukraine to harmonize its legislation in priority spheres of life with the legislation of the European Union. But legislative approximation should touch not only upon the fields of public law, but private law too and, in particular, tort law. The main problem of tort law approximation is that there are no joint tort rules in the EU. All attempts to harmonize tort law stopped at the creation of acts of “soft law” – general non-binding rules and principles. One of the most significant examples is the PETL – the Principles of European Tort Law. The PETL show a modern understanding of torts, spell out the conditions of tort liability, as well as other relevant requirements. Ukrainian rules of tort law do provide protection of a victim’s violated rights, however some recommendations of the PETL, such as provisions governing the conditions of tort liability, the understanding of causation and fault should be taken into account when Ukrainian tort law is modernised.

10

È stato un mezzo disastro… Fenomeni di convergenza tra approssimazione e intensificazione: uno studio contrastivo su italiano e russo

63%

Benigni V.

Italica Wratislaviensia

|

2023

|

issue 14.1

9-34

IT

A partire dal case-study dell’approssimante italiano mezzo ‘metà di’ e attraverso un approccio basato sull’uso, il presente lavoro si propone di evidenziare interessanti punti di convergenza semantica e funzionale tra approssimazione e intensificazione, strategie di costruzione del significato tradizionalmente considerate divergenti. Mezzo agisce sia a livello semantico, modulando la forza referenziale di nomi, verbi e aggettivi, sia a livello pragmatico, dove funziona come marca discorsiva che consente al parlante di ridurre la forza illocutiva delle sue affermazioni e al ricevente di compiere le inferenze necessarie a interpretare correttamente le intenzioni dell’interlocutore dietro ad usi non letterali (o cosiddetti loose dalla Teoria della Pertinenza), quali, ad esempio, l’understatement e l’iperbole. Nella seconda parte dell’articolo verranno discussi i risultati di un’analisi contrastiva con il russo, partendo dal presupposto che l’identificazione di equivalenze funzionali tra lingue diverse è un metodo euristico valido per spiegare la multifunzionalità semantica e pragmatica di alcuni elementi lessicali, anche in una prospettiva interlinguistica.

EN

Based on the case-study of the Italian downtoner mezzo, ‘half of’, the present work aims to highlight, through a usage-based approach, interesting points of semantic and functional convergence between approximation and intensification, which are traditionally considered divergent meaningconstruction strategies. Mezzo functions both on the semantic level, by modulating the referential force of nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and on the pragmatic level, where it acts as a discourse marker, enabling the speaker to reduce the illocutionary force of their assertions and helping the receiver to make the inferences necessary to recognise the speaker’s communicative intentions in cases of “loose talk” (in Relevance Theory terms), such as understatement and overstatement. In the second part of the article, the results of a contrastive analysis with Russian are discussed, based on the assumption that the identification of functional equivalences between different languages is a valid heuristic method to explain the semantic and pragmatic multifunctionality of certain lexical elements, also from a cross-linguistic perspective.

11

Активные процессы в терминологии современного языкознания

63%

Kiklewicz A.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

|

2020

|

vol. 1

335-359

EN

The author considers the problem of linguistic terminology in the context of changes which took place in linguistics of the late XXth century and the beginning of the XXIth century under the influence of postmodern culture. The changes in linguistics depend primarily on such characteristics of postmodernism as irrationalism (anti-scientism), pragmacentrism (sociocentrism) and simulacrism. The author shows how linguistic terminology changes in the new cultural conditions and distinguishes between four phenomena: ambisemy, transfusion, complication and approximation. Taking a critical (normative) methodological position on the latest processes in the filed of terminology, the author considers some criteria for evaluating innovations.

12

The cross-cultural conceptualization of ‘I’m lovin’ it’ between English and Polish

51%

Waliński J. T., Waliński J. T.

Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny

|

2018

|

issue 4

13

Właściwości składniowo-semantyczne jednostek z ciągami 'o mał-' i 'omal'

51%

Piotrowska A.

Linguistica Copernicana

|

2019

|

vol. 16

EN

The paper contains a syntactic and semantic analysis of lexical units with elements o mał- and omal, e.x. o mało co; o mały włos, a; o mały figiel; omal nie; omalże. These lexemes open some positions for various classes of parts of speech, mostly for verbs. They also are metapredicative operators. The tested units have a common semantic component ‘it was close to something to happen’.

PL

Artykuł zawiera analizę składniowo-semantyczną jednostek leksykalnych z ciągami o mał- oraz omal, np. o mało co; o mały włos, a; o mały figiel; omal nie; omalże. Wyrażenia te otwierają miejsca walencyjne dla różnych klas części mowy, najczęściej łączą się z czasownikami. Należą do klasy operatorów metapredykatywnych. Badane jednostki mają wspólny komponent semantyczny ‘niewiele brakowało do tego, aby stało się to, o czym mowa’.

Refine search results

Особенности Аппроксимации Природоохранного Законодательства Украины К Европейскому Праву И Экологической Политике

Rounding in the problem of the allocation of indivisible goods

Approximation and supposition

Application of Dagum economic distances to the analysis of wage distributions in Poland

Bulgarian media policy and law: How much Europeanization

A Simple Discrete Approximation for the Renewal Function

The Rule of Law Promotion Through Trade in the “Associated” Eastern Neighbourhood

Approximating Financial Time Series with Wavelets

Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) and Their Impact on Approximation of Ukrainian Tort Law to European Standards

È stato un mezzo disastro… Fenomeni di convergenza tra approssimazione e intensificazione: uno studio contrastivo su italiano e russo

Активные процессы в терминологии современного языкознания

The cross-cultural conceptualization of ‘I’m lovin’ it’ between English and Polish

Właściwości składniowo-semantyczne jednostek z ciągami 'o mał-' i 'omal'