Search results

1

Polish Towns and the Changes in Their Areas and Population Densities

100%

Szymańska D., Grzelak-Kostulska E., Hołowiecka B.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2009

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vol. 11

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issue 11

15-29

EN

This article presents the spatial and population density changes in Polish towns in the years 1960-2003. The assumed time frame allowed identifying area changes for a complete set of towns in different socio-economic conditions: the period of intense industrialisation, the economic crisis of the 1980s, the period of economic transition and finally in the years of a market economy. The investigation revealed that the trend shown by changes and the size of a town as measured by the number of its population are distinctly interrelated. It also demonstrated a much stronger dynamics of changes in the first subperiod, i.e. years 1960--1985, followed by a phase of relative stabilization (compared with the previous period) after the year 1980 (mainly of the spatial changes). Moreover, change intensity and change trends observed for the urban areas and population densities vary considerably in terms of space.

2

Zboża jako składnik rolnictwa i gospodarki Polski

75%

Kapusta F.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

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2016

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issue 2 (10)

121-137

EN

The aim of this study was to: a) show the place and role of cereals in the Polish economy in the early twenty-first century; b) analyze changes in the area of cereal crops and their share in the structure of crops in the years 1938-2013; c) analyze trends in the size and structure of grain production in the years 1938-2013; d) perform balance of cereals and determination of Polish self-sufficiency in this product; e) characterize trends in destiny cereals; f) present state intervention in the grain market. The analysis is based on sources such as scientific publications, reports of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics − National Research and statistical materials. The collected material was developed and interpreted using the methods: a comparison in the horizontal and vertical form, statistical form and determine the Polish self-sufficiency in grain production in terms of technical and economical Kapusta method. Cereals are an important component of agriculture and Polish economy since they are grown by 89.5% of farms, occupy almost three quarters of crop area and are an essential component of crop rotation (2013). 19.1% of global agriculture production and 35.5% of plant production and 13.1% of the agricultural commodity production and 29.1% of crop production form an important source of nutrients, the basis of the food pyramid and a basic component of food security, cereals and their derivatives are the subject of foreign trade and a source of increasing surplus in the trade balance (2012/2013 + 1 150 thousand euros). Already in pre- WWII Poland the position of grain was high, and in post-war Poland variable with a tendency to increase their role in plantings and agricultural production. Under the influence of various factors, mainly economic and natural there are changes to the total cereal cultivation area and the individual species. The universality of cereal crops makes difficulties in disseminating biological and technological progress. Although in the post-war period there was a decrease in areas planted with cereals, their collections are on the rise; also changes its structure in favor of more intensive species at a higher value in use (wheat, barley, triticale, corn). The production is realized in order to satisfy human needs, and therefore a good measure of the production of goods per 1 inhabitant, in this case the grain. From the pre-war years to modern years grain production has increased from 404 kg per capita to 739 kg. In the balance sheet of cereals at the beginning of the twenty-first century, we have two different situations; relatively stable internal consumption is accompanied by high volatility on the production side (changes in acreage and yields), which generates the need for imports in the years of crop failure. In Poland, cereals consumed (average of the years 2000 / 01-2012 / 13, for 13 years) are as follows: grazing − 60.5%, consumption − 22.2%, sowing (reproduction) − 7.2%, industrial processing − 4.5%, other (loss defects) − 3.7%. At the same time Poland exported 15,676 thousand tons of grain, and imported 16, 530 thousand tones, i.e. 854 thousand tons more. In subsequent years, however, there were changing trends in the balance of foreign trade in grain. In the period of Polish membership in the European Union we observe the increased foreign sales of grain and milk (both exports and imports). As a result of well-developed grain processing and export of its products Poland has achieved positive balance of trade with increasing surplus with foreign countries in terms of value for several years. The cereals market in Poland − as in other European Union countries − is regulated, and this action is led the Agricultural Market Agency on behalf of the state.

3

Strategie rozwoju dolnośląskich gmin i ich realizacje w oczach mieszkańców na podstawie ankiet

75%

Bratuś M.

Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk

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2012

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issue 2

EN

The main objective of this paper is to present the main tasks included in the development of strategies (for local communities) and their further implementation. The study is empirically-oriented, since it is based on surveys carried out in selected communities in the Lower Silesia region. This paper is focused mainly on aspects which are important for the improvement of living conditions of local communities. It examines the level of awareness about the strategy among the inhabitants of examined communities, as well as the inhabitants’ assessment of its implementation. A preliminary analysis of our results has shown that the preparation and implementation of strategies in Lower Silesian communities should be improved. It has been suggested that the residents’ participation designing the strategy is also essential. Noteworthy, in the surveyed communities the activities which are carried out lead to positive changes. However, the directions of those strategies have not been discussed with the residents of the communities. It has also been observed that their realization is not consistent with the studies and developmental plans.

4

Geneza i rola gospodarstw rodzinnych w rolnictwie polskim

75%

Kapusta F.

Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu

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2013

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issue 2 (23)

151-167

EN

The concept of the family farm operates in everyday speech since the emancipation of peasants. Its definition introduces first the Act of 11 April 2003 on shaping of the agricultural system, which provides that a family farm is an entity that is maintained by an individual farmer and the total area does not exceed 300 hectares of agricultural land. Family farms in Poland have come a long and deep transformation under the influence of political, economic and demographic factors. The aim of this paper is to present the origins and role of family farms with particular emphasis on years 2003-2009, i.e. in times of the European Union. The development is based on literature research and statistical information. The collected material was developed and interpreted by a number of methods, and in particular: a compa- rative method in the form of horizontal and vertical, and statistical analysis. Family farms in agriculture in Poland emerged as a result of the emancipation of peasants in the feudal period of transition to a capitalist economy. This process took place in the period of the partitions, and on the principles established by the partitioning powers. Enfranchisement began early in the Prussian partition (1808), followed by Galicia (1848), and by the Polish Kingdom (1863). After World War I Polish parliament voted three times a law on agrarian reform: 1919, 1920 and 1925, resulting in the further shift of land from private to peasant estates and the emergence of new family farms. Further development of family farms followed after World War II as a result of the Land Reform decree of 6 September 1944, and Land Use of the Recovered Territories of 13 November 1945. Overall it can be stated that until 1949 the shaping of agricultural system took place and the foundations of the agrarian structure in Poland followed. Year 1950 as a result of the Census provides us with information about the state of family farms to which we can make a comparison of their further development. Subsequent changes in family farms happened as a result of non-uniform state policy towards them; decline in years 1950-1956, the recovery in years 1956-1960, the weakening economy until 1970, and then the reconstruction of these households until 1989. Large changes in the functioning of these farms occurred at the beginning of the nineties of the twentieth century as a result of: the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, solution of State Farms and the flow of resources to family farms and reduction of the range of co-operatives in agriculture. New impetus to the economy brought pre-accession and post-accession period to the European Union: agricultural subsidies, production quotas for certain agricultural products, increase in competitiveness through the opening of agricultural markets to foreign products. In these conditions the economic development of family farms progresses coupled with the decreasing number of farms, simplification of the investment and production, and the development of specialized production. There are variations in the share of family farms in the production of various products; increased role in the production of most products is observed. The exception is: potato, pigs number, the production of animals for slaughter and production of chicken eggs, in which areas family farms decrease their share. Today’s economy is undergoing a process of adaptation to the conditions of the Common Agricultural Policy and the EU Rural Development, adjusted by national circumstances.

5

СУЧАСНІ УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО ОСВІТНЄ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ ЯК ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН

75%

Наталія К., Анжелa П.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2016

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issue 9(63)

50-61

EN

The article contains a brief overview of the features of the organization of the educational environment at different historical stages from the earliest times to the present. An attempt of theoretical analysis and interpretation of the concept of educational environment has been made. The peculiarities of its functioning in the modern scientific and pedagogical area have been covered. Analysis of the literature makes it possible to assert that there is no single classification of educational environments. The authors have analyzed the current scientific works containing the interpretation of the terms: “environment”, “environmental approach”, “educational environment”, “educational and developmental environment”, “information environment” and “sociocultural environment”. To achieve the purpose of the article there has been used an analysis of psychological and educational, and philosophical literature on the issues of the functioning and organization of the environment. Models, types and kinds of environments have been characterized. The analysis of the structural components of the educational environment has also been made. It’s been determined that modeling new types of educational environments by modern scientists is due to objective reasons. Fundamentally different style of studying is typical for the younger generation, who was born in the early 80s and later, and has grown up surrounded by digital media. Considering the fact that during the last decade the scientific concepts of “information educational environment”, “virtual educational environment”, “high-tech virtual network educational environment” were introduced, a short analysis of these definitions has been made. Interdependence of environmental processes and processes in the noosphere has been established. Basing on the analysis of psychological and educational, and philosophical literature authors have suggested that at this stage the worldwide information civilization has appeared and is developing, noosphere grows into infonoosphere – the global information space, and the concept of information gains a categorial status for philosophy of education. Regarding the fact that semantic and structural content of the term “information educational environment” is technological in nature, a concept of “information and developmental environment” has been detailed.

6

Rynek owoców w Polsce w okresie przedakcesyjnym i po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej

75%

Kapusta F.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

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2014

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issue 3(3)

9-22

EN

Fruit market in Poland is covered by the regulations of the Common Market Organization for Fruit and Vegetables, which was established in 1996 in the European Union. The regulation covers fruit quality issues and the protection of the internal market by defining the rules of international trade. The support for fruit growers was emphasized on the internal market. The aim of the study was to show: the importance of fruit in human nutrition, changes in the level of consumption and production and development of directions of usage. The paper covers the period 1995-2012 in terms of acreage, crops and fruit, and 2001-2012 in terms of the production of processed fruit. In turn, the trade turnover with fresh fruit and milk are presented for the years 2009-2012. By 2003, it was a pre-accession period, and later − post-accession to the European Union. Such periods of study have been sanctioned by the availability of statistical data. The chemical composition of fresh fruit and berries varies greatly; water predominates (80-85%), while in the dry matter (15-20%) there are sugars, organic acids, pectins, tannins and aromatic substances that impart characteristic taste to them. In addition, fruit are a valuable source of vitamins C, B, provitamin AP , E, K and folic acid. The consumption of apples is particularly recommended, because they are rich in biologically active compounds reducing the risk of asthma, diabetes, obesity and other diseases. In addition their daily intake of at least 110 g reduces by 49% the probability of myocardial infarction in men. So far, the consumption of fruit and their products (in terms of fresh fruit) is in the range of 50-60 kg per person per year and this level is too low. Growing fruit in Poland in 2012 accounted for 2.3% of agricultural land and provided 5.2% of global production and 6.0% of the production of agricultural goods. The area is changing as well as yields. The process of concentration of production and the modernization of specific fruit trees and a change in production technology takes place. As a result, a smaller number of manufacturers provide higher and higher quality fruit. The area of growing apples, apricots, peaches and walnuts grows, while of pears, plums and cherries decreases. In the scope of shrubs and berry plantations there is an increasing area of planted raspberries, currants, chokeberry, high-bush blueberry, hazelnut and vines, and the decreasing area of strawberries and gooseberries. Fruit production is seasonal while consumer needs are constant. Hence, the role of storage, processing and trading of foreign fruit is important. From year to year there is an increasing trade turnover of fresh fruit and their processed products. Often, the same products are imported and exported. There are variations in the trade balance of fresh fruit and processed fruit. In total, in the years 2009, 2011 and 2012, Poland had a positive balance of foreign trade, while in 2010 negative.

7

KRYTERIA DELIMITACJI OBSZARÓW KRAWĘDZIOWYCH POPRZEMYSŁOWYCH ZESPOŁÓW URBANISTYCZNYCH

63%

Wierzchoń A.

Przestrzeń, Ekonomia, Społeczeństwo

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2015

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issue 8/II

45-62

PL

Obszary krawędziowe poprzemysłowych zespołów urbanistycznych są obszarami zlokalizowanymi w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie kompleksów postindustrialnych rozumianych jako zbiór obiektów poprzemysłowych służących dawniej procesom produkcji lub wydobycia wraz z towarzyszącą im niezbędną infrastrukturą przestrzenną. Zespoły postindustrialne w fazie upadku i odłogowania negatywnie oddziałują na otaczającą je tkankę urbanistyczną, generując nawarstwiające się problemy na płaszczyźnie przestrzennej, społecznej i ekonomicznej. Artykuł podejmuje próbę zdefiniowania kryteriów delimitacji tego typu terenów, uwzględniając wymienione aspekty. Poprawna diagnoza stanu istniejącego oraz wyznaczenie granic obszarów krawędziowych może stać się podstawą opracowania strategii ich przekształceń

EN

Brownfields border areas are areas located in the immediate vicinity of the post-industrial complexes defining as a group of post-industrial buildings formerly used for production and exploitation processes with all the necessary space infrastructures. Post-industrial complexes in the phase of decline and abandonment have a negative influence on border areas causing increasing spatial, social and economic problems. Article tries to define the criteria for the delimitation of these types of spaces taking into consider these aspects. The correct diagnosis of the existing situation and the delimitation of the brownfields border areas may become the basis for developing strategies for their transformations.

8

Kreowanie przestrzeni międzykulturowej na Wileńszczyźnie

63%

Szerląg A.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2018

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issue 3(121)

28-41

PL

Człowiek funkcjonuje w określonych przestrzeniach i miejscach dlań znaczących. Przestrzeń z jednej strony odzwierciedla sposób myślenia o świecie, a z drugiej strony jest emanacją życia społecznego wyrażającą się w jego organizacji, będąc jednocześnie środkiem reprodukcji stosunków społecznych. Jej użytkownikiem i kreatorem zarazem jest człowiek, wchodzący z nią w różnego typu relacje. Może ona przyjmować postać przestrzeni kulturowej, pojmowanej jako przestrzeń fizyczna będąca nośnikiem rzeczywistości kulturowej (zbioru znaczeń i znaków). Z tak pojętą przestrzenią kulturową wiąże się kategoria miejsca, które (jako miejsce znaczące wraz z jego historycznością i racjonalnością) odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie kształtowania się tożsamości jednostki. Kultura miejsca pełni przy tym funkcję jednoczącą, ukierunkowującą i standaryzującą relacje społeczne. W sytuacji jego wielokulturowego charakteru istotną staje się międzykulturowość, a w jej kontekście potencjał międzykulturowy jednostek kreujących przestrzeń międzykulturową w zróżnicowanym kulturowo środowisku lokalnym. Człowiek bowiem wchodzi w relacje z miejscem, a miejsce z człowiekiem, tworząc przestrzeń wzajemnego współbytu. Miejscem znaczącym dla swoich mieszkańców jest Wileńszczyzna, która stanowi swoistą wspólnotę kulturową ukonstytuowaną na styku kultur. Czynnikami ją warunkującymi są wspólne dziedzictwo kulturowe, lokalność, interakcyjność oraz swojskość. Towarzyszą im umiejętności rozpoznawania dziedzictwa kulturowego, inter-akcyjne oraz wielopoziomowego rozwoju. Poznanie i rozumienie uznać należy więc za istotne elementy budowy wspólnoty na styku kultur – międzykulturowej przestrzeni. Sprzyjać im winny działania podejmowane w środowisku lokalnym. Siłą nośną tych działań może być np. sztuka ludowa, folklor, spełniające funkcje kulturotwórczą, edukacyjną i wychowawczą.

EN

A man functions in a given area and significant places. The area, on one hand, reflects the way of thinking about the world, and on the other it expresses social life in its arrangement, at the same time serving as a mean to reproduce social relations. Thus, a man who utilises it and creates it is the one that enters it on basis of various types of relations. It can take shape of cultural space perceived as physical realm that carries cultural reality (a set of significances and signs). A cultural space understood like that entails the category of space, which (as a place of significance with its historicalness and rationality) plays key part on the process of shaping one’s identity. The culture of place at the same time fulfils unifying, directing and standardizing function of the social relations. Given the multicultural character of the place interculturalism is crucial, and within its framework the cross-cultural potential of individuals shaping intercultural space in a culturally diverse local setting. A man enters relations with the place whereas the place creates an area of mutual coexistence with the man. The Vilnius region is a place significant for its inhabitants, as it constitutes a cultural community located in the cultural borderland. The factors that condition it entail common cultural legacy, localness, interaction and sense of familiarity. They are accompanied by the skills of recognizing cultural legacy, followed by interactional competences and multi-dimensional growth. Cognition and understanding therefore shall be considered as the key elements of establishing a community at the meeting points of cultures, i.e. intercultural area. They should be favoured by actions undertaken in the local environment, by the mean of, for instance, folk art, folk culture, that both provide with cultural, educational and pedagogical functions.

9

Wpływ otoczenia na funkcjonowanie organizacji

63%

Ciekanowski Z., Majkowska J., Załoga W.

Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania

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2018

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vol. 13

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issue 4

45-58

EN

The study attempts to present the organization’s environment, which is the main subject of this study. Its aim was to characterize the elements of the environment and their impact on the functioning of the enterprise. The study describes the essence of the concept of organization and enterprise. The elements of the internal and external environment were diagnosed, as well as describes how individual dimensions of the environment affect the functioning of the company. To better reflect the impact of the environment on the company, an example of a small local transport company was presented.

PL

W opracowaniu podjęto próbę przedstawienia otoczenia organizacji, która stanowi główny przedmiot rozważań niniejszego opracowania. Jej celem było dokonanie charakterystyki elementów otoczenia i ich wpływu na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa. W opracowaniu opisano istotę pojęcia organizacji i przedsiębiorstwa. Dokonano diagnozy elementów otoczenia wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego firmy, jak również opisano w jaki sposób poszczególne wymiary otoczenia wpływają na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa. Dla lepszego odzwierciedlenia wpływu otoczenia na firmę zaprezentowano przykład małej, lokalnej firmy transportowej.

10

Zarządzanie ewakuacją ludności i mienia podczas zagrożeń niemilitarnych przez oddziały i pododdziały Sił Zbrojnych RP

63%

Barć M.

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2017

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vol. 9(45)

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issue 2

61-78

PL

W praktyce najczęściej przeprowadza się ewakuację osób poszkodowanych lub bezpośrednio zagrożonych (także zagrożonego mienia) po wystąpieniu zdarzenia niebezpiecznego (np. pożaru, wybuchu lub innego miejscowego zagrożenia) w obiektach lub na terenach. Ewakuacja jest jednym z podstawowych działań mających na celu ochronę życia i zdrowia ludzi, zwierząt oraz ratowania mienia, w tym zabytków oraz ważnej dokumentacji, w przypadku wystąpienia wszelkiego rodzaju zagrożeń. Realizowana jest zazwyczaj w formie przemieszczenia z rejonu (miejsca), w którym występuje zagrożenie, na obszar bezpieczny. Ewakuacja może mieć również charakter prewencyjny, tzn. może być prowadzona z terenów i obiektów w przypadku zbliżającego się zagrożenia.

EN

This article is dedicated to securing the evacuation of people and property during the non-military threats by branches and units of the Polish Armed Forces. Evacuation is one of the basic measures to protect the life and health of humans, animals and the rescue of property, including historic and important documents in the event of any kind of threat. It is carried out usually in the form of displacement from the region (place) where there is a threat to the safe area. Evacuation may also have a preventive nature. It can be carried out from the area and facilities in the event of impending danger.

11

Карпатоукраїнська словосполука біла дівка в південнослов’янському контексті

62%

Гриценко П.

Gwary Dziś

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2020

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vol. 12

15-57

EN

The collocation біла дівка (synonymous with гарна дівчина, кохана дівчина) and its correlative білий хлопець, леґінь are popular in the song folklore of the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains. In the Ukrainian dialectal continuum, these frequent structural elements of the kolomyika songs belong to the Carpathian regional lexis. In Carpathian songs about love and affection, the meaning “beautiful, positive” conveyed by білий occurs in the phrase *біла дівка as well as many phrasal names containing it.The folklore of every ethnic community is unique with respect to its content (i.e. plots and themes), language, and imagery. At the same time, behind the uniqueness of folk songs of different people, there are sometimes common features arising at various times and for different reasons. These features is a specific subject for comparative-historical research. Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian songs reflect a mode of using *běl- to express the notion of love and affection as well as the related values; this bears a resemblance to the Carpathian Ukrainian pattern. These folklore traditions share a more or less similar way of using the qualifier *běl- referring to a beautiful beloved maiden, as well as attributes, circumstances, and processes which, taken together, represent a large axiological “white space matrix” of love songs (carrying markedly positive connotations). Here, the qualifier *běl- is among the principal means of implementation of the semantic features “beautiful” and “positive”, while its synonymic relations to the other items conveying the same meaning are ethnos-specific.The qualifier *běl- in the collocation *біла дівка and its permanent presence in the structure of the other nominative items represent the Ukrainian-Carpathian-Bulgarian-Macedonian-Serbian isogloss, thus increasing the number of integral, linguistic and cultural Ukrainian-Carpathian-Southern-Slavonic entities. The meaning of the isogloss’s invariant is modified and extended by names, collocations, and concepts widely manifested in Carpathian songs as well as in separate Southern Slavonic folklore traditions. Equally topical is the study of the isogloss’s structure (i.e. the topography of relevant elements and phenomena as well as their areal distribution and functioning) and of the prerequisites for the emergence of similar linguistic items and phenomena within different languages and cultures. This is owing either to their mutually independent convergent development, the preservation of the homogeneous historical heritage of the earlier periods, or to the interaction between languages and their dialects. The intensity and sources of these influences are often evidenced by the isogloss’s specific characteristics.As a result of the appearance of “beautiful” and “positive” as the meanings of *běl- and their occurrence in the Carpathian-Balkan area, the issue of the origin of these features within each language of this area becomes topical. An investigation of this issue will show whether they are secondary in relation to, and derivative from, the underlying meaning of colour, or maybe they derive from the archaic syncretic semantics of білий “shining = light = beautiful”.The unique, i.e. exclusive, structural elements of each Slavonic language are not only indicative of the specificity of their evolution but are also instrumental for comparative analysis aimed at establishing the degree of identity or similarity between languages and cultures. The feasibility of isoglosses / isopragms evidenced by folklore texts and ethnographic materials correlates with the exhaustiveness and comparability of basic data corpora of individual Slavonic dialectal continuums.

PL

Студія є ескізним розглядом окремих питань із широкої проблематики карпатобалканіки. За матеріалами словосполучення біла дівка та інших номінацій із компонентом *běl- у фольклорних текстах показано спеціалізацію семантики кольороназви; прокоментовано окремі лінії змін значень*běl- в українськокарпатському просторі, а також виявлені в болгарському, македонському і сербському мовно-культурних континуумах паралелі й відповідники цим процесам. Окреслено особливості лінгвальної й етнокультурної інформації, що містять фольклорні тексти, прийоми її використання в дослідженні діалектного континууму однієї мови та генетично споріднених мов.

12

КОНЦЕПТ “ДУША” В АРЕАЛЬНІЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЇ

54%

МАЦЮК З., ФЕНКО М.

Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia

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2020

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vol. 8

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issue 1

127-138

EN

One of the most striking features of modem linguistics is the emergence and intensive development of new linguistic areas, among which the most relevant ones are those that involve the study of concepts. The article outlines the problem of reflection in the language of the conceptual sphere of the people and its main concepts; the need for further study of the peculiarities of structuring concepts represented by phraseological units, and the establishment of their interaction with each other. The meaning-making potential of the concept “soul” in the phraseologization of structures has been outlined, mental and spiritual attitude have been revealed. Concept “soul” specifies a considerable amount of cultural information and is the basis of the spiritual code of culture. In modem linguocultural concepts, a person is studied as a native speaker of a language and a culture-bearer at the same time. That’s why linguistic signs acquire the capability to perform the function of cultural signs, serving as a source of presentation of the main cultural guidelines, which explains the capability of the language to reflect national culture mentality of its speakers.

PL

Jedną z najbardziej charakterystycznych cech współczesnej lingwistyki jest geneza i intensywny rozwój nowych obszarów językowych. Do szczególnie aktualnych kwestii należą te, które obejmują badanie konceptów. Artykuł poświęcony jest zagadnieniu refleksji w języku konceptosfery narodu i jej głównych konceptów. To warunkuje potrzebę dalszych badań nad szczegółami strukturyzacji konceptów reprezentowanych przez jednostki frazeologiczne oraz ustalenia ich wzajemnego oddziaływania. Ujawniono potencjał tworzenia treści konceptu „dusza” podczas frazeologizacji jednostek, zidentyfikowano stosunek mentalny do konceptu, zarówno w kulturze materialnej, jak i duchowej. Koncept „dusza” określa znaczną ilość informacji kulturowych i jest podstawą duchowego kodu kultury. We współczesnych koncepcjach lingwistyczno- kulturowych człowiek postrzegany jest jednocześnie jako nosiciel języka i kultury. Właśnie dlatego znaki językowe mają zdolność pełnienia funkcji znaków kultury, służąc jako środek przedstawienia podstawowych jej zasad. To potwierdza zdolność języka do reprezentowania kulturowej i narodowej tożsamości jego nosicieli.

13

Dawne tradycje warzenia soli na terenach Bojkowszczyzny

51%

Danczyn R.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

|

2012

|

vol. 28

267-274

EN

In her article, the author presents information regarding the tradition of salt evaporation in the Boiko region; in the introduction, she informs that the beginning of the process of salt mining in the history of Ukraine was a phenomenon known as chumatstvo. Chumatstvo was a trade and transport association of people, which has been shaped in the areas of Southern Ukraine for the purpose of organizing supplies of salt from Northern Crimea to Ukraine, Poland and to other neighbouring countries. Subsequently, the author discusses various saline sources in Ukraine, together with their genesis, history and location; she presents a place called Stara Sól (Old Salt) with respect to its significance in the history of salt production.

14

Rewitalizacja fragmentów obszarów śródmiejskich w wybranych miastach europejskich

51%

Jeziorska A.

Problemy Rozwoju Miast

|

2012

|

issue 4

51-63

PL

Przemiany funkcjonalno-przestrzenne śródmiejskich ulic wielkich aglomeracji mają swoje źródło w przemianach gospodarczych, społecznych i kulturowych. Powodowane są upływem czasu, zmianami dysponentów i użytkowników, a w konsekwencji zmianami tożsamości. Problemy dotyczące zmian planowanych i niezamierzonych, związanych z ekonomią, socjologią miejsca, urbanistyką oraz dziedzictwem kulturowym, są wspólne dla wielu miast europejskich. Prezentowana praca jest wynikiem badań porównawczych programów rewitalizacyjnych potraktowanych jako studium przypadku dla obszarów śródmiejskich w wybranych aglomeracjach europejskich. Badania dotyczyły zmian funkcjonalnych pod względem przestrzennym handlowych ulic śródmiejskich o historycznych wartościach: obszaru Baixa w Lizbonie, Temple Bar w Dublinie, Regent Street w Londynie oraz Nowego Światu w Warszawie.

EN

Functional and spatial shifts in cityscape are caused by economic, social and cultural transformation. They have their origin in replacing of owners and users in downtown buildings. Consequently, identity of main streets is changing as time goes by. In presented case studies we come across important issues concerning planned and unintentional shifts in economy, sociology, urbanism and cultural heritage which have came into being during difficult and dynamic years of political system transformation. Some other european cities can face similar problems and although problem can be a source of innovation and inspiration, it can also cause downtown degradation, increasing unemployment rate and social exclusion. This research is the result of comparative study of revitalization process in main streets downtown areas in selected european conurbations. The project scope included the functional and spatial shifts of selected, unique in terms of cityscape, parts of downtown old shopping streets: The Baixa area in Lisboa, the Temple Bar in Dublin, the Regent Street in London and Nowy Świat in Warsaw.

15

Problem geograficznego zakresu rynków/sektorów w dobie globalizacji i regionalizacji

51%

Pietrzak M.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

|

2014

|

issue 1(338)

3-21

EN

The article has two goals. The first one was to discuss the problem of the boundaries of geographical sectors/ markets in the conditions of globalisation and regionalisation, with particular emphasis on agri-food economy. The discussion was based on a review of a variety of sources – the analysis covered the literature in the field of economics and economic geography, strategic management, marketing and logistics. The article addressed the issues of market and sector concepts and the importance of their geographic dimension. In this context, the role of distance and area for farming was presented. The processes of globalisation and the development of regional integration groupings were discussed, indicating their importance for the agri-food sector. The second objective was to present the concept of determining the geographical boundaries of sectors/markets. The existing methods of assessing the globalisation potential of the sector were discussed. Afterwards, while compiling the elements of these approaches and extending the range of included degrees of possible spatial ranges, an own approach was put forward. There is a need to further research this area, in particular to attempt to determine the geographical range of sectors, including agri-food products. The concept proposed in the article can be used in this regard. To that end, it would be desirable to further operationalise it and test it in practical terms in the evaluation of the geographical ranges of markets.

16

Die Kunst des Sehens und das Naturschreiben. Die Landschafts- und Naturdarstellung im Roman Am Fluss von Esther Kinsky

51%

Pastuszka A.

Porównania

|

2022

|

vol. 31

|

issue 1

143-158

EN

In dem 2014 herausgegebenen Roman Am Fluß beobachtet die Erzählerin bei ihren Spaziergängen am River Lea an der Peripherie Londons eine unscheinbare Gegend, die der traditionellen Auffassung des Naturschönen nicht entspricht. Die Betrachtung der Landschaft findet ihren künstlerischen Ausdruck in einer äußerst präzisen und zugleich lyrischen Sprache. Die Naturerforschung vollzieht sich auch durch den schöpferischen Akt des Benennens und des Darstellens der menschlichen und nichtmenschlichen Welt. Esther Kinsky schildert unterschiedliche Landschaften: das Gelände am Fluss mit seiner Mischung aus Urbanem und Ländlichem, andere Flusslandschaften aus der Erinnerungsperspektive sowie kriegs- und gewaltversehrte Gelände. Die Einstellung des Subjekts ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Abkehr von der anthropozentrischen Perspektive, die die Natur instrumentalisiert. Im Beitrag werden die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Mensch und Umwelt im literarischen Text unter Einbeziehung der ökokritischen Perspektive sowie die ästhetischen Möglichkeiten einer Repräsentation der Landschaft und Natur im Roman untersucht.

17

Zasługi Johanna Gottfrieda Borlacha dla rozwoju górnictwa i warzelnictwa solnego na terenie Saksonii i Małopolski

51%

Mróz U.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

|

2015

|

issue 30

33-68

XX

Johann Gottfried Borlach (born in 1687 in Dresden and deceased in 1768 in Kösen) is an outstanding person in various aspects and one of the most important people who operated in the area of the Cracow Saltworks in the modern era. Undeniably, Borlach contributed to raising the largest saltworks in the contemporary Republic of Poland from ruin. Borlach, initially hired as a surveyor, later held the prestigious function of the administrator of Cracow Saltworks. He introduced numerous innovations which greatly improved the functioning of the mine and, in particular, safety in the mine. The largest and the most significant projects of the Saxon engineer include work focusing on securing post-mining voids, introduction – on a large scale – of a comprehensive plan of dewatering the underground pits, improvement of transport of the extracted salt and ventilation of underground pits. It is also necessary to emphasise his contribution in the area of measurements; the best example in this respect is a set of maps of the Wieliczka mine and the city of Wieliczka. Another area of his activity was issuance of legal regulations for the functioning of the enterprise, including relations among individual employees. The second important part of the article is analysis of his accomplishments in the area of Saxony, i.e. his home country. This aspect is quite significant due to the fact that Polishlanguage publications stored in the Library and in the Archives of the Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka do not devote too much attention to foreign activities of Borlach, focusing most often on listing three most important Saxon saltworks, without taking into account the important changes that he introduced in them, as well as mutual Polish and Saxon influences in this respect. To date, little has been written about the private life of the Saxon engineer, members of his closest family, early years, stages of education, ties with scientific circles, private interests and accomplishments before the period when he was appointed to the position of a surveyor in the Cracow Saltworks. This work takes into account all information in a degree permitted by the preserved and available historical records.

18

Rozbudowa sieci kanalizacyjnej w gminie Prochowice jako cel strategii rozwoju

45%

Bratuś M.

Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk

|

2013

|

issue 3

PL

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie prac nad rozbudową sieci wodociągowej oraz kanalizacji w Gminie Prochowice jako założenia zawartego w strategii rozwoju regionu. Artykuł skupia się na w/w aspektach pod kątem poprawy warunków życia lokalnej społeczności. Sprawdzono również poziom realizacji złożeń opisanych w strategii rozwoju. Wstępna analiza wyników wykazała, iż sytuacja w zakresie wdrażania celu, jakim jest budowa sieci kanalizacyjnej w Gminie Prochowice jest realizowany wg ustalonych założeń. Zauważalne jest, iż w badanej gminie prowadzone są działania skierowane na pozytywny rozwój.

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the sewerage system in the community of Prochowice as an example of development strategies. The article focuses on aspects of the improvement in the living conditions of the local community. The level of implementation of the principles described in the development strategy have also been examined. The preliminary analysis of results obtained shows that the building of the new sewerage system has been carried out according to the established principles. It is noticeable that in the community under study the main eff orts are focused on the positive developmental processes in Prochowice.

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Geneza i rola gospodarstw rodzinnych w rolnictwie polskim

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Kreowanie przestrzeni międzykulturowej na Wileńszczyźnie

Wpływ otoczenia na funkcjonowanie organizacji

Zarządzanie ewakuacją ludności i mienia podczas zagrożeń niemilitarnych przez oddziały i pododdziały Sił Zbrojnych RP

Карпатоукраїнська словосполука біла дівка в південнослов’янському контексті

КОНЦЕПТ “ДУША” В АРЕАЛЬНІЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЇ

Dawne tradycje warzenia soli na terenach Bojkowszczyzny

Rewitalizacja fragmentów obszarów śródmiejskich w wybranych miastach europejskich

Problem geograficznego zakresu rynków/sektorów w dobie globalizacji i regionalizacji

Die Kunst des Sehens und das Naturschreiben. Die Landschafts- und Naturdarstellung im Roman Am Fluss von Esther Kinsky

Zasługi Johanna Gottfrieda Borlacha dla rozwoju górnictwa i warzelnictwa solnego na terenie Saksonii i Małopolski

Rozbudowa sieci kanalizacyjnej w gminie Prochowice jako cel strategii rozwoju