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EN
The paper aims to offer a synthetic perspective upon the dramatic genre in the Romanian folklore. We present several preliminary elements within a short historical account of the dramatic manifestations; afterwards we create an inventory of the forms of theatrical arts, following the first historical records, a description of the rituals and props in order to depict the folk syncretism and all its beauty. The working instruments are those offered by historiography and the methodology in the field as well as the ethnographic description. Although less consistent than the folk poetry or epic, folk theatre contributes to the complexity and flavour of Romanian folklore. The unseen mechanisms of syncretism have functioned and are still functioning, generating new forms of folk art. The laic and the religious, the traditional and the modern, the epic and the drama, the masks, the dances as well as the costumes and the props – all these contribute to the survival of this particular folk genre. Moreover, being the least discreet of all Romanian folk genres, the folk theatre represents also an element of attraction and cultural export nowadays.
UK
В статті вказується на традиційні уявленя культурологічної науки XIX ст. – початку XX ст. про структуру культури, зокрема І. Огієнко виділяв два рівні культури тієї чи іншої нації: нижчий (культура народна) і вищий (культура інтелігенції чи професійна культура). Проаналізовано існування професійної культури, що в розумінні І. Огієнка, є надзвичайно важливою умовою для культурного поступу, тому що саме вона є загальнонаціональною об´єднуючою силою.
EN
Traditionally, according to ideas of cultural science in the XIX cent. – beginning of the XX cent. on the cultural structure I. Ogienko within different nations pointed out two cultural levels, those were: lower (folk culture) and higher (the culture of intellectuals or professional culture). The existence of professional culture is, according to Ogienko inevitable prerequisite for cultural evolution as it is nationwide international power.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono genezę kulturoznawstwa w XIX i na początku XX wieku. Autorka rozróżnia w nim kulturę ludową i kulturę profesjonalną, zgodnie z poziomami kultury wyróżnionymi przez I. Ogienko.
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