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EN
In 2009 the two valid Acts regulating the principles of public-private partnership in Poland came into effect. Entered the new legal solutions became important causative impulse opening the row of new opportunities of undertaking the cooperation between public sector and private investors. The subject of public-private partnership is shared completion of a projects based on the division of tasks and risks among the public entity and the private partner. In the article the author refers to key issues concerning the benefits form partnership of pu- blic and private entities in the new regulatory environment. The particular attention was paid on complex approach for deployment of PPP projects, identifying important dimensions and forms of possible cooperation, and underlying the potential barriers arising out of inaccurate statutory regulations, and possible risks connected with irregularities at the disbursement of public funds. Analyzing the conditionality and processes related with PPP in Poland were pointed out the crucial factors which are projecting onto chances and prospects of the partnership development.
EN
Public-private partnership can be used by public sector to realize many different initiatives including public services, for example municipal waste collection. There is of course a question about evaluation of a partnership in this field. The answer depends on many aspects. This paper outlines the formal basis of PPP in discussed issues. The author also tries to evaluate this partnership on the practical example.
EN
Public-private partnership is understood as cooperation between the public and the private sector. It is one of the ways of realizing investments and providing public services effectively. The division of roles involved in realization of projects is implemented in the way ensuring benefits to both sides. In this formula of cooperation even big investments in the field of road infrastructure and motorway construction can be realized.
EN
Consiclering legal aspects of non-disrimination clause in the Russian Federation, the Authors starts their assessment from an international law perspective (based on adopted acts). Despite the United Nations’ recomendation the Russian Federation has no act that regulates non-discrimination and anti-discrimination policy
EN
Certainly, the renewable energy sector in Poland should be the beneficiary of the European Union enlargement. It results from both the energy policy and EU law. Poland should adopt national law to the EU requirements in the field of renewable energy sources. Polish legislators may rest on other countries' experiences in this subject. We especially should take into consideration Spanish and German measures. Spanish and German mechanisms of support for renewable energy sources at the national level are very interesting solutions. Those measures are intended to help to attain objectives such as meeting the commitments given on climate change, environmentally sustainable security of supply, and promotion of renewable energy sources. The article is an analysis of Spanish and German support systems in view of the modification of Polish law in the field of renewable energy sources.
PL
Rozważania dotyczą popularności zabiegu wazektomii na świecie, a w szczególności w Wielkiej Brytanii. Poruszane zostają aspekty kulturowe, moralne, prawne i medyczne. Analizowane są różnice opinii wobec kontroli urodzeń, polityki demograficznej, oraz możliwości samodzielnego decydowania o sobie. Artykuł dotyka stereotypów związanych z płodnością, męskością, równouprawnieniem płci; analizuje korzyści i straty ekonomiczne i zdrowotne związane z zabiegiem wazektomii. Poszukiwane są powody popularności tej metody antykoncepcyjnej. W kontekście rosnącej wolności obyczajowej można zadać pytania: czy wybór wazektomii świadczy o nastawieniu współczesnego człowieka na seksualną wolność i niekontrolowanie Freudowskich popędów? Czy też jest racjonalną przemyślaną decyzją w trosce o zdrowie i zwiększoną wolność wyboru kobiet?
EN
This paper reflects on the popularity of vasectomy surgery in the world in general and particularly in the UK. Cultural, moral, legal and medical aspects are discussed and differences of opinions on birth control, demographic policies, and opportunities for self-determination are analyzed. The article also concerns the stereotypes associated with fertility, masculinity and gender. The economic and health advantages along with costs are balanced against each other. The author looks at reasons for the popularity of this method of contraception. In the context of increasing moral freedom, one can ask questions: whether the choice of vasectomy demonstrates the attitude of modern man to increasing sexual freedom and uncontrollable Freudian instincts? Or, is it a rational, carefully thought through decision, in the interests of health and freedom of choice for women?
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