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This article looks at the role of lower class urban women in defining Polish national identity at the turn of the twentieth century. Relying on the classic iconography of the Matka Polka, the essay considers how women at the margins of Polish society such as criminals, vagrants, sexual “deviants” and the poor helped reinforce patterns of prescribed behavior among national activists as the country drew closer to political independence. The piece focuses especially on the professional prostitute as a classic boundary violator, drawing from the author’s forthcoming book, The Devil’s Chain: Prostitution and Social Control in Partitioned Poland.
EN
A vagrant Florent Quenu serves as a methaphor of social-political shift that strikes France in the late XIX-th century. Intimidated by the magnitude of change, upon his return Florent wanders the streets, meanders and strolls in circles which casts a horrendous contradiction with the austerity of Hausmann’s new Paris, aligned with omnipresent straight line forms. This geometrical collision of a straight line and a curve is symptomatic of ferocious conflict between the Second Empire and the alternative social model embodied in the Florent’s attitude.
EN
„Coram iudicio”. Studies of Legal Culture in Towns in Late Medieval Poland, edited by Agnieszka Bartoszewicz is composed of four texts, the subject of which is the legal culture in Late Medieval Cracow, Lublin, and Warsaw. In his article entitled Ipsa civitas habundat furibus: Criminals and criminality in Late Medieval Cracow Maciej t. Radomski first presents the organizational structure of judicature in Cracow, then follows with a description of various criminals as individuals, (e.g. thieves, pickpockets, robbers, forgers, and rapists), reviewing their social backgrounds as well as their modus operandi. Krzysztof Mrozowski in his article Suburbanites of Old Warsaw in the latter Middle Ages (1500–1526) offers an insight into the structure of Warsaw’s suburbs. He characterizes the architecture of the places as well as the people who lived there. Miłosz Resztak in his text Studies on legal culture in the Lublin town chancellery’s activity in the Late Middle Ages analyses particular aspects of the city chancellery in Lublin. First, he focuses on status denotations in the examined book. Then he characterized the role of Polish-language words in the books of the records from Lublin. In Wojciech Patronowicz’s article Lublin citizens’ everyday life in the 1408–1532 wilkürs perspective the author presents the aspects of medieval city life regulated by the afore-mentioned wilkürs: administration, security, and trade and craftsmanship, as well as the organizational structure
EN
The paper is dedicated to the Polish reception of the works of an eminent West German writer, Gabriele Wohmann, who died in 2015 and has been acknowledged by the literary critics to be a master of short prose. In view of only few translations of her works into Polish, the reception of Wohmann in the critical circulation is limited. She is recognisable in the Polish academic discourse, but it is limited to the German Studies. Wohmann, as an excellent observer of the society in the times of economic growth, in her stories criticising “bourgeois” attitudes of her fellow citizens and dealing with the universal themes of love, fear, loneliness, exclusion, death, comes back implicite (parallel transfer) in Marcin Kołodziejczyk’s text, Dysforia.Przypadki mieszczan polskich (2015). According to the accept-ed thesis, the Polish society in its attitudes and choices related to the rising of a middle class and new bourgeois class after 1989 resembles the West German society so critically de-scribed by the German author thirty and forty years ago.
DE
Der Aufsatz hat die polnische Rezeption der bedeutenden westdeutschen Schriftstellerin Gabriele Wohmann, einer Meisterin der Kurzprosa, die 2015 verstorben ist, zum Thema. Da nur wenige Werke Wohmanns ins Polnische übersetzt wurden, ist die Resonanz der polnischen Kritik gering. Zugleich ist die Autorin im polnischen akademischen Diskurs stets präsent, wobei sie sich diese Rezeption auf die Germanistik beschränkt. Als herausragende Beobachterin der deutschen Gesellschaft der Wirtschaftswunder-Ära, die in ihren Kurzge-schichten und Erzählungen die „Bürgerlichkeit“ der Mitbürger sowie universelle Themen wie Liebe, Angst, Einsamkeit, Ausgrenzung oder Tod thematisiert, kehrt Wohmann implizit im Text von Marcin Kołodziejczyk Dysforia. Przypadki mieszczan polskich (2015) zurück. Der These des Aufsatzes gemäß erinnern die Haltungen und Entscheidungen der von Kołodziejczyk porträtierten polnischen Gesellschaft, die mit der erst entstehenden Mittel-schicht und der neuen Bürgerlichkeit verbunden sind, an die Erscheinungen, die Gabriele Wohmann vor dreißig und vierzig Jahren kritisiert hat.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest polska recepcja twórczości zmarłej w 2015 roku wybitnej pisarki zachodnioniemieckiej Gabriele Wohmann, uznawanej przez krytykę literacką za mistrzynię krótkiej prozy oraz znakomitą obserwatorkę społeczeństwa doby wzrostu gospodarczego, która w swych opowiadaniach krytykuje „mieszczańskość” współobywateli i porusza uniwersalne tematy miłości, lęku, samotności, wykluczenia i śmierci. Wobec nielicznych tłumaczeń jej utworów na język polski recepcja Wohmann w obiegu krytycznym jest ograniczona, zauważalna jest natomiast w polskim dyskursie akademickim, lecz ogranicza się do germanistyki. Wohmann powraca jednak implicite (transfer równoległy) w tomie prozatorskim Marcina Kołodziejczyka Dysforia. Przypadki mieszczan polskich (2015). Zgodnie z tezą przyjętą w artykule, społeczeństwo polskie po 1989 przypomina w swych postawach i wyborach, które związane są z rodzącą się w Polsce klasą średnią i nowym mieszczaństwem, krytycznie opisywane przez niemiecką autorkę społeczeństwo zachodnionie-mieckie trzydzieści i czterdzieści lat wcześniej.
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