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EN
The article deals with the ancient metrology and a possible recognition of the rules determining ornamentation observed on Attic geometric pottery. While referring to former studies, the author presents ornamentation of Attic geometric pottery, revealing an exceptional standardisation and repetitiveness of elements, as having two developmental tendencies. One concerns horizontal arrangement of decorative motifs, placed in surrounding belts, while the other decoration is put in vertical panels, focusing. These both tendencies in the course of development of Attic geometric period become one harmonized whole. It is also possible to demonstrate on an example of monumental became from Athens (inv. NM 804), that the vessel was exactly twice as tall as the biggest width of its body, as well as that ornaments covering its whole surface have been made according to an accepted module. The author suggests that such a way of thinking and ordering activities should not be interpreted as proving the beginnings of classical mathematical thinking, which is to develop later. However, metrological analyses of ancient artefacts suggests that such objects as Attic geometric pottery may permit recognition of already existing disposition of its creators for visual representations of experienced reality and for attempts made to generalize these experiences.
EN
The first traces the production of numerous stone tools from the period of thePlio-Pleistocene represent a deep antiquity technical processes in the contextof human evolution. Determining cognitive ability needed to convey the firsthominids manufacture of stone tools is a challenge for the cognitive archaeology.Currently, thanks to archaeological discoveries and the developmentof cognitive science we can try to restore all the necessary treatments aimedat the production and use of stone tools along with a broad understanding oftheir underlying cognitive processes. Analyses based on empirical data derivedfrom Lokalalei – one of the oldest archaeological sites – indicate that the hominidscomprehensive understanding of the principles of producing stone toolsalready at their very beginning.
DE
Literarische Beschreibungen von magischen Schwertern in den altnordischen Sagen betonen die aktive Rolle von Objekten bei der Gestaltung und Neuverhandlung kultureller Konstrukte von Persönlichkeit und Identität. Da die narrativen Bilder dieser Artefakte und die psychosomatische Dynamik der Interaktion der Sagenhelden mit ihnen im Fokus dieser Studie stehen, werden die ökologischen Verbindungen zwischen dem kognitiven und materiellen Raum im Norden in der Zeit des Mittelalters beleuchtet, wobei die für mittelalterliche Weltanschauungen typische interkulturelle Variabilität und Vielfalt herausgestellt werden.
PL
Literackie opisy magicznych mieczy w sagach staronordyckich podkreślają aktywną rolę przedmiotów w kształtowaniu i renegocjowaniu kulturowych konstruktów osobowości i tożsamości. Poprzez skupienie uwagi na narracyjnych obrazach tych artefaktów oraz psychosomatycznej dynamice interakcji bohaterów sagi z nimi niniejsze opracowanie naświetla ekologiczne powiązania pomiędzy przestrzenią poznawczą i materialną na Północy w okresie średniowiecza, podkreślając międzykulturową zmienność i zróżnicowanie, typowe dla średniowiecznych wizji świata
EN
Old Norse sagas" literary depictions of magic swords highlight the active role of objects in shaping and renegotiating cultural constructions of personhood and identities. By focusing on narrative portrayals of these artifacts and the psychosomatic dynamics of saga characters' interactions with said artifacts, this study illuminates the ecological entanglements between cognitive and material spaces across the medieval North, stressing cross-cultural variability and diversity inherent in medieval worldviews.
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