Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 20

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  crisis situations
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
This article includes the discussion on chosen technologies of fast construction and re-construction of engeneering objects, damaged or totally destroyed as a result of natural disasters, catastrophes, hostilities, terrorist actions ect. Among examples of solutions there are light resistance construction from reinforced ground and other special solutions.
EN
We’re dealing with acrisis situation in case of serious threat to life and property. This situation requires some special methods, but don’t give basis to initiate one of the constitutional extraordinary measures. Law on crisis management contains tasks which belongs to organs of territorial self-government and organs of state administration. System of crisis management consists of organs of crisis management, subsidiary organs and crisis management centers. In crisis situations organs of public administration can also cooperate with the environment. The aim of this article is to analyze situations when organs of public administration are supported by The Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland and non-governmental organizations with their personnel, equipment and information.
EN
Threats have accompanied humanity since the dawn of time. Most of them can develop into crisis situations that can be interpreted in many different ways. The crisis situation is closely linked with the concept of crisis management, which is implemented in four phases. At every stage of work, various elements are significant in terms of crisis management. There are also elements that are very important at every stage. These include: threat analysis, estimation of the probability of their occurrence in a given area, and assessment of their sensitivity. An appropriate information flow system supports the implementation of the above elements. This system should be effective in such relations as between services and between services and society. The effectiveness of information flow depends on the reliability of this information and its flow channel. Information is of particular importance in the decision-making process. It should have appropriate features and properties. Based on the information, both good and bad decisions can be made. In crisis management, this can be relevant to human health and even human life. This article discusses issues related to the nature of information in crisis management.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Crisis Management in Poland

80%
EN
The aim of the article is to discuss the functioning of the crisis management system in Poland: to present the general principles of its operation, legal regulations and major threats related to it. For this purpose, the authors review the definitions of crisis situations and discuss the objectives and stages of crisis management. Then the general principles of the crisis management system in Poland and the most important legal regulations related to it are presented. The authors also discuss the main threats that may lead to a crisis, both natural, ecological (e.g. floods, fires, avalanches) and civilizational caused by human activity and technical failures (e.g. construction and transport disasters, criminal groups activity, cyberterrorism). This leads to the conclusion that regulations passed in Poland after the flood of the century in 1997 put crisis management system in our country on the high level. At the same time, newer and newer threats make it necessary to regularly update the legislation on crisis management so that ensuring of national security could be effective.
EN
Family foster care is a form of temporary care for children who, for various reasons, cannot grow up in a biological family. Foster families have a variety of tasks to fulfill, resulting not only from the current custody of the child, but also from the need for extensive compensation for the general developmental deficiencies of the child placed in it. The purpose of the article is to present the possibilities and forms of support directed to children residing in foster families who have experienced various difficult situations and crisis events in their biological families, as well as general assistance that can be obtained by foster families in which difficult crisis situations arise concerning daily functioning.
EN
In society, in nature, in technologic process and mainly in transportation it is no possible eliminate creation crisis and crisis situations. Everybody to try finding ways for minimize its behaviors and outcomes. In frame prevention activities we need prepare several measures for solving crisis situations in specific environment, space and time. Mathematical simulation can prepare several solutions, in good occasion also optimal solutions. The railway transport has prepared many specific organize, technical, and material proceedings for solving crisis situation. In article is described computing program for sophisticated solving of some problems.
EN
People instinctively sought to ensure their own security since the dawn of time. This simply existential need impelled people to seek new solutions for its assurance. You may say that the need for security shaped the attitudes of people, and greatly contributed to the current development of civilization. This article is dedicated to the strategic reserves of our nation and its role for the security of local communities in Poland. The primary problem, that has been addressed herein, is the possibility to provide strategic reserves in crisis situations, on the basis of analyses carried out by the Material Reserves Agency, taking place in recent years.
EN
The solving several problems about optimalization of transporting dangerous goods, optimalization of transporting overload goods, optimalization of planning transportation in special condition and optimalization of transport tasks in crisis situation are very complicated. Crisis situations need speed and correct organization order and also its using in practice. In the field of transport can crisis situations begin during transportation of dangerous or overload goods. There are sometimes as outcomes of natural and industrial disaster, terrorist attack or other reason.
EN
Psychological support for police officers and civilian police staff is among key factors capable of preventing negative effects of work-related stress. The need for such support is especially significant in crisis situations, when psychological assistance is provided to police officers and civilian police staff. Comprehensive psychological support is offered by police psychologists, who are responsible for psychological care and psychoeducation, psychology of human resources management and applied police psychology. This paper presents statistical figures as regards forms of psychological assistance provided by psychologists in 2016. As the most common of psychological specialisations, psychological care involves providing psychological assistance or emotional first aid to police officers and civilian police staff; doing psychotherapy; offering psychoeducation to a police officer or a civilian employee; preparing a psychological analysis of suicide or a suicide attempt by a police officer or civilian police worker. In 2016 police psychologists specialising in psychological care and psychoeducation targeted for assistance almost 2,000 police officers and civilian police staff and provided nearly 3,500 pieces of psychological advice. In addition, the psychologists’ work consisted in offering psychotherapy to individuals and support groups. The vast majority of therapeutic activities were targeted at police officers and civilian police staff in crisis situations. An important aspect of psychological support is broadly understood psychoeducation, which makes it possible to cope with mental stress. Police officers cannot avoid work-related stress or traumatic experiences when performing their official duties, but they can and should take advantage of police psychologists’ professional assistance. Statistical data quoted in the report summarising police psychologists’ activity in 2016 clearly shows that their work is necessary.
EN
Children and young people brought up in dysfunctional families often encounter crisis situations. Non-governmental organizations (referred to as NGOs) try to meet social needs, they launched a number of helplines for children and young people, which provide professional help by way of intervention. The first helpline for children and young people was created in Poland on 1 October 1970, thanks to an initiative of the Polish Society of Mental Hygiene, as well as regional Educational and Vocational Clinic in Warsaw, named the Warsaw Youth Helpline. The most popular ones among children and young people now are helpline from the 116 group, reserved for EU countries. In addition to typical telephone or internet assistance, NGOs are trying to public and solve important problems for children and their families in the form of social campaigns.
PL
Zbrojnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej do 2010 r. Stworzenie tego systemu było efektem wyciągnięcia wniosków z powodzi w 1997 r. Autor przedstawia historię tworzenia tego systemu, struktury organizacyjne jednostek ratownictwa inżynieryjnego, ich zadania oraz działanie w sytuacjach kryzysowych.
EN
The article presents an engineering rescue system operating in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland until 2010. The creation of this system was the result of drawing conclusions from the flood in 1997. The author presents the history of creating this system, organizational structures of engineering rescue units, their tasks and operation in crisis situations.
EN
For every inhabitant of a city or village, for every production company or farm (a client of a water supply company) it is necessary to have the feeling of stability and security of water supplies. These are related to the ability to provide water in every conditions, also in crisis situations. In Poland, local authorities (municipalities) are tasked with providing water supplies through water supply companies, on the basis of a licence granted by the local executive body. During the latest audit, the Supreme Audit Office made a comprehensive assessment of water supplies safety in case of a crisis in ten middle-size municipalities in five regions. An assumption was made that planning and preparing of measures to ensure water supplies should be based on a comprehensive assessment of risks of water network failures, on the estimation of the actual needs for water in extraordinary situations, and on the identification and ensuring water resources sufficient to provide the inhabitants with the required amounts of water. The audit comprised the years 2021–2023. The specific topic of the audit called for employing experts in the area of water supplies in crisis situations.
PL
Woda jako podstawowe dobro publiczne wymaga specjalnego zarządzania i ochrony oraz bezpiecznego dystrybuowania. Występowanie powodzi, odnotowywane w różnych częściach Polski wypadki skażenia wody bakterią legionelli oraz zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa obywateli wynikające z konfliktu zbrojnego w Ukrainie wskazują, że w razie zniszczenia, skażenia lub unieruchomienia infrastruktury wodociągowej konieczne jest zapewnienie mieszkańcom wody pitnej w inny sposób. Wyniki przeprowadzonej w 2023 r. przez NIK kontroli wykazały, że w gminach nie zapewniono bezpieczeństwa zaopatrzenia w wodę na wypadek wystąpienia sytuacji kryzysowych. Nie posiadano wiedzy na temat aktualnych potrzeb i zasobów oraz nie planowano kompleksowych działań w razie wystąpienia zdarzeń mogących istotnie ograniczyć zaopatrzenie w wodę z sieci wodociągowej. Obowiązujące w Polsce przepisy nie określały warunków dostaw wody w takich sytuacjach.
Res Rhetorica
|
2022
|
vol. 9
|
issue 4
29-62
EN
The article aims to uncover persuasive elements of television news reporting at the level of language, image, music and sound(s), which are used for multimodal rhetorical argumentation. The starting point is the assumption that the reality presented by a given news service is not an ideal and complete picture of a particular event, but rather it is a media representation created to shape the audience's awareness of the covered issue or to influence the emotions of specific target groups of recipients. Such multimodal argumentation patterns will be illustrated with the selected examples of representations of crisis in televized news shows broadcast between 2015–2019 by Polish public television channel TVP1.  
PL
Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza newsów telewizyjnych serwisów informacyjnych pod kątem obecności elementów perswazyjnych na płaszczyźnie języka, obrazu, muzyki i odgłosów tworzących multimodalną argumentację retoryczną. Punktem wyjścia jest założenie, że rzeczywistość prezentowana przez dany serwis informacyjny nie jest idealnym i pełnym obrazem relacjonowanego wydarzenia, lecz jego medialną inscenizacją przedstawianą w celu kształtowania świadomości czy wpływania na emocje określonych grup lub społeczności. Zagadnienie to zostało omówione na przykładzie wybranych wiadomości telewizyjnych serwisów informacyjnych emitowanych w stacji TVP1 w latach 2015-2019 dotyczących sytuacji kryzysowych.
14
51%
PL
Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka instrumentu promocji jakim jest Public Relations oraz wskazanie potrzeby jego zastosowania w sytuacjach kryzysowych w organizacjach. Identyfikacja problemu objęła studia literaturowe w przedmiocie badania, począwszy od charakterystyki Public Relations, sytuacji kryzysowych oraz media relations, jak również wskazanie zasad komunikacji w takich sytuacjach.
EN
The aim of the article is to characterizePublic Relations and indicate its use in emergency situations in organizations. Identification of the problem involves literature studies, starting with characteristics of public relations, crisis management and media relations, as well as an indication of the principles of communication in such situations.
PL
Występowanie zagrożeń w zakresie klasyfikacji klęsk żywiołowych staje się zjawiskiem coraz bardziej powszechnym. Administracja publiczna w formie struktur bezpieczeństwa stanowi kluczowy element w kształtowaniu powszechnej obrony przed ewentualną eskalacją niebezpieczeństw. Aby w odpowiedni sposób realizować powyższe założenia należy wykazywać wzmożone działania w obszarze planowania, budowania dokumentów strategicznych oraz kształtowania właściwej charakterystyki potencjalnych zagrożeń. Co więcej, należyte łączenie systemów bezpieczeństwa wymaga formułowania solidnego, a także sprawnego procesu decydowania politycznego w momencie pojawienia się sytuacji kryzysowych. Przedstawiona publikacja stanowi próbę zarysowania wymienionych kryteriów w ramach struktur bezpieczeństwa państwa polskiego.
EN
The occurrence of threats in the field of classification of natural disasters is becoming a more and more common phenomenon. Public administration in the form of security structures is a key element in shaping common defense against a possible escalation of dangers. In order to properly implement the above assumptions, it is necessary to demonstrate increased activities in the area of planning, building strategic documents and shaping the proper characteristics of potential threats. Moreover, proper connection of security systems requires the formulation of a solid and efficient political decision-making process in the moment of emergence of crisis situations. The presented publication is an attempt to outline the above-mentioned criteria within the framework of the security structures of the Polish state.
EN
Crisis situations that require social support are an inseparable element of life. Due to the functioning stereotypes and social attitudes, the need for it may increase in people who are “different”. The conducted research included 108 people of homosexual orientation, who constitute a minority in our society. The research was carried out using the proprietary questionnaire, and its purpose was to determine the search for and receipt of support on the Internet, taking into account various situations that may require social support and its types. In order to collect the research material, the snowball method was used. The results of the research show that the Internet is a source of seeking support by homosexual people, especially in the case of health problems, relationship breakdown and mental problems (including depression). They seek and at the same time declare to receive, above all, information support in the virtual space.
PL
Nieodłącznym elementem życia są sytuacje kryzysowe wymagające wsparcia społecznego. Ze względu na funkcjonujące stereotypy czy postawy społeczne jego potrzeba może wzrastać u osób, które charakteryzują się „innością”. Przeprowadzone badania objęły 108 osób o orientacji homoseksualnej, która w naszym społeczeństwie stanowi mniejszość. Badania zostały przeprowadzone za pomocą autorskiego kwestionariusza ankiety, a ich celem było określenie poszukiwania oraz otrzymania wsparcia w internecie, biorąc pod uwagę różne sytuacje mogące wymagać wsparcia społecznego i jego rodzaje. W celu zebrania materiału badawczego wykorzystano metodę kuli śnieżnej. Wyniki badań ukazują, że internet stanowi źródło poszukiwania wsparcia przez osoby o orientacji homoseksualnej, szczególnie w przypadku problemów zdrowotnych, rozpadu związku i problemów natury psychicznej (m.in. depresji). Poszukują oni i zarazem deklarują otrzymanie w przestrzeni wirtualnej przede wszystkim wsparcia informacyjnego.
EN
In the light of critical remarks and opinions with respect to the Act of 29 July 2005 on the prevention of domestic violence, issues relating to how to protect children against abuse by parents and guardians have been regulated in recent amendments therein. It was considered that children form a special category of victims of domestic violence, and violence against children, in its various dimensions, should be treated as the greatest cruelty. It does not matter in which aspect of life the violence occurs, whenever it is given the attribute of unlawfulness, it should be meticulously eliminated through the introduction of measures that would prevent it in the future. In addition, the obligation to consider the good of the child is a basic interpretative rule in the interpretation of the provisions of the Family and Guardianship Code governing relations between parents and children. The importance of the principle of protecting the best interests of the child goes beyond the order of national law and has its source in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, applicable in Poland since 7 July 1991. Supreme Court case law emphasizes the importance of Art. 3 of this Convention as a general directive applied when considering conflicts of parents regarding the provision of childcare. In view of the above, on 25 June 2010, the Sejm of the Republic of Poland adopted an amendment to the Act, under which an effective fight against the phenomenon of violence against children was started, and protection against child abuse was provided. One of the provisions effective since 1 August 2010 is the regulation contained in Art. 12a in a new wording, according to which, in the event of a direct threat to the child’s health or life due to domestic violence, a social worker, together with a policeman and a health care worker, may remove a child from their family and place the minor in a safe place. It should be noted that the adopted provision should apply only in such special situations, when a social worker, while performing official activities, is a witness to a situation that threatens the life or health of the child, including carers who are unable to care for the child due to drunkenness, or show aggression towards the child, or where the child’s carers have left them alone. In such circumstances, there is a fear that the lack of intervention will result in irreversible consequences that can lead to tragedy. In addition, during the police intervention pursuant to Article 72 of the Polish Constitution, a child may be taken away from his family in crisis situations requiring immediate child care, in which the child is seen as a victim of violence or whose parents, being intoxicated, are not able to take care of the child. The article discusses the procedure of a child being taken from their parents by a social worker due to the occurrence of domestic violence, and a child being taken from their relatives in crisis situations encountered during police intervention.
PL
W związku z krytycznymi uwagami i opiniami na temat Ustawy z dnia 29 lipca 2005 r. o przeciwdziałaniu przemocy w rodzinie kwestie dotyczące sposobu ochrony dzieci przed krzywdzeniem ze strony rodziców i opiekunów zostały uregulowane w ostatnich zmianach do ustawy. Uznano bowiem, że dzieci są szczególną kategorią ofiar przemocy w rodzinie, a przemoc wobec dzieci, w różnych jej wymiarach, należy traktować jako największe okrucieństwo. Nieważne, w jakim aspekcie życia spotykana jest przemoc, zawsze, jeżeli uzyska przymiot bezprawnej, powinna być skrupulatnie eliminowana wraz z wprowadzaniem środków, które miałyby jej zapobiegać w przyszłości. Ponadto nakaz uwzględnienia dobra dziecka stanowi podstawową regułę interpretacyjną obowiązującą przy wykładni przepisów Kodeksu rodzinnego i opiekuńczego regulujących stosunki między rodzicami a dziećmi. Znaczenie zasady ochrony dobra dziecka wykracza poza porządek prawa krajowego i ma swoje źródło w Konwencji o prawach dziecka obowiązującej w Polsce od 7 lipca 1991 r. W orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego podkreśla się znaczenie art. 3 tej konwencji jako dyrektywy generalnej przy rozpatrywaniu konfliktów rodziców na tle sprawowania opieki nad dziećmi. Z uwagi na powyższe 25 czerwca 2010 r. Sejm RP uchwalił nowelizację ustawy, dzięki której podjęto skuteczną walkę ze zjawiskiem przemocy wobec dzieci i zapewniono ochronę przed ich krzywdzeniem. Jednym z przepisów obowiązującym od 1 sierpnia 2010 r. jest regulacja zawarta w nowym brzmieniu art. 12a, zgodnie z którym w razie bezpośredniego zagrożenia zdrowia lub życia dziecka w związku z przemocą w rodzinie pracownik socjalny wspólnie z policjantem i pracownikiem ochrony zdrowia może odebrać dziecko z rodziny i dokonać umieszczenia małoletniego w bezpiecznym dla niego miejscu. Zaznaczyć należy, że wprowadzony przepis powinien mieć zastosowanie tylko w takich szczególnych sytuacjach, kiedy pracownik socjalny, wykonując czynności służbowe, jest świadkiem sytuacji zagrażającej życiu lub zdrowiu dziecka (np. opiekunowie są niezdolni do opieki nad nim z uwagi na nietrzeźwość lub wykazują agresję w stosunku do dziecka, albo też pozostawili dziecko bez opieki). W takich sytuacjach istnieje obawa, że brak interwencji spowoduje nieodwracalne w konsekwencji skutki, które mogą doprowadzić do tragedii. Ponadto na podstawie art. 72 Konstytucji RP podczas interwencji Policji może dojść do odebrania dziecka rodzinie w sytuacjach kryzysowych wymagających zapewnienia dziecku natychmiastowej opieki, w których dziecko występuje jako ofiara przemocy lub którego rodzice, będąc w stanie upojenia alkoholowego, nie są w stanie sprawować pieczy. W artykule omówiono procedurę odebrania dziecka rodzicom przez pracownika socjalnego w związku z wystąpieniem zjawiska przemocy domowej oraz odebrania dziecka rodzinie w sytuacjach kryzysowych napotkanych podczas interwencji Policji.   In the light of critical remarks and opinions with respect to the Act of 29 July 2005 on the prevention of domestic violence, issues relating to how to protect children against abuse by parents and guardians have been regulated in recent amendments therein. It was considered that children form a special category of victims of domestic violence, and violence against children, in its various dimensions, should be treated as the greatest cruelty. It does not matter in which aspect of life the violence occurs, whenever it is given the attribute of unlawfulness, it should be meticulously eliminated through the introduction of measures that would prevent it in the future. In addition, the obligation to consider the good of the child is a basic interpretative rule in the interpretation of the provisions of the Family and Guardianship Code governing relations between parents and children. The importance of the principle of protecting the best interests of the child goes beyond the order of national law and has its source in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, applicable in Poland since 7 July 1991. Supreme Court case law emphasizes the importance of Art. 3 of this Convention as a general directive applied when considering conflicts of parents regarding the provision of childcare. In view of the above, on 25 June 2010, the Sejm of the Republic of Poland adopted an amendment to the Act, under which an effective fight against the phenomenon of violence against children was started, and protection against child abuse was provided. One of the provisions effective since 1 August 2010 is the regulation contained in Art. 12a in a new wording, according to which, in the event of a direct threat to the child’s health or life due to domestic violence, a social worker, together with a policeman and a health care worker, may remove a child from their family and place the minor in a safe place. It should be noted that the adopted provision should apply only in such special situations, when a social worker, while performing official activities, is a witness to a situation that threatens the life or health of the child, including carers who are unable to care for the child due to drunkenness, or show aggression towards the child, or where the child’s carers have left them alone. In such circumstances, there is a fear that the lack of intervention will result in irreversible consequences that can lead to tragedy. In addition, during the police intervention pursuant to Article 72 of the Polish Constitution, a child may be taken away from his family in crisis situations requiring immediate child care, in which the child is seen as a victim of violence or whose parents, being intoxicated, are not able to take care of the child. The article discusses the procedure of a child being taken from their parents by a social worker due to the occurrence of domestic violence, and a child being taken from their relatives in crisis situations encountered during police intervention.
PL
Poniższa publikacja jest wstępną analizą możliwości współpracy pomiędzy jednostkami wojskowymi ASAR i Państwową Strażą Pożarną (dalej PSP) w działaniach ratowniczych. Powstała ona w oparciu o analizę możliwości wykorzystania wsparcia powietrznego dla działań ratowników – strażaków. Zostały w niej zawarte fundamenty, na których powinno opierać się szkolenie obu formacji do uzyskania płynnej, proceduralnej współpracy. Jest ona zwiększeniem możliwości operacyjnych PSP w działaniach zagrożenia stanami kryzysowymi, działaniami poszukiwawczymi. Pozwala na rozwinięcie współpracy międzyresortowej już na szczeblu województwa lubuskiego.
EN
This publication is a preliminary analysis of the possibilities of cooperation between military units ASAR (Aeronautical Search and Rescue) and State Fire Service in rescue operations. This publication was created based on an analysis of the possibility of using air support for the actions of rescuers-firefighters. It sets the basis for training of both formations in order to obtain smooth procedural cooperation. This cooperation will increase the operational capacity of the State Fire Service in activities in crisis situations and during search (rescue) activities. It allows to develop an interinstitutional cooperation at the level of the Lubuskie Province.
UK
У статті здійснено аналіз нормативно-правових актів, що регламентують питання запровадження надзвичайних правових режимів. Визначені ознаки та зміст надзвичайних правових режимів. Досліджено режим антитерористичної операції (АТО), а також роль і місце військово-цивільних адміністрацій у реалізації надзвичайних правових режимів.
EN
The article deals with the analysis of normative legal acts regulating the issues of the introduction of emergency legal regimes. The features and content of emergency legal regimes are identified. The regime of the antiterrorist operation (ATO), as well as the role and place of military and civilian administrations in the realization of extraordinary legal regimes, were investigated.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.