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“Directionality and productivity of backderivation as a synchronic and diachronic process: dictionary and corpus analysis”.

100%
Wlaźlak G.
Acta Neophilologica
|
2022
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vol. 1
|
issue XXIV
111-122
PL
Back-derivation is an example of a non-affixative word-forming process in which an affix is removed to create a semantically corresponding verb [Bauer, Lieber, Plague 2013, 280]. This common phenomenon in English mostly occurs in the area of lexis borrowed from classical languages. The author focuses on directionality as a diachronic problem, and productivity of the process in a synchronic perspective. In order to trace the phenomenon of directionality, material from the source languages is collected chronologically. As for the phenomenon of productivity, quantitative analysis is based on attestations in text corpora and dictionaries. The author examines occurrences of this mechanism and its influence with respect to the creation of similar forms in scientific and specialist language.
EN
Backderivation is an example of a non-affixative word-forming process in which an affix is removed to create a semantically corresponding verb (Bauer, Lieber, Plague 2013: 280). This common phenomenon in English mostly occurs in the area of lexis borrowed from classical languages. The author focuses on directionality as a diachronic problem, and productivity of the process in a synchronic perspective. In order to trace the phenomenon of directionality, material from the source languages is collected chronologically. As for the phenomenon of productivity, quantitative analysis bases on attestations in text corpora and dictionaries. The author examines occurrences of this mechanism and its influence on the creation of similar forms in scientific and specialist language.
2
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Perception of Directionality in Translation Among Students

88%
Pietryga M.
Acta Neophilologica
|
2022
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vol. 1
|
issue XXIV
87-110
EN
The present study, in the form of a questionnaire, aims to analyse students’ subjective perception of directionality in translation. Additionally, it places a particular emphasis on the aspects which are perceived as difficult in each direction. Although for most students, L2 translation is more cognitively demanding, and they prefer to translate into L1, such preferences may change as the result of the amount of translation training. Students with a longer span in translation training frequently encounter more problems in L1 translation and may not have any preferred direction of translation. Nevertheless, the importance of practicing translating into L2 has been emphasized in many aspects, like expanding L2 competence or translation market demand; additionally, it is also a preferred language of translation for some students. Vocabulary and terminology have been described as the most problematic in both directions of translation. Other aspects which pose many problems and require some training are both L1 and L2 grammar as well as punctuation.     　   　  　 
3
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Directionality and context effects in word translation tasks performed by conference interpreters

88%
Chmiel A.
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics
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2016
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vol. 52
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issue 2
269-295
EN
Professional interpreters employed by international institutions usually work into their L1 from their L2, while freelance interpreters tend to work both into and from their L1. A study was devised to see if the long-term interpreting unidirectional practice (in the L2–L1 direction only), in contrast to bidirectional practice (in the L2–L1 and L1–L2 direction), influences the speed of lexical retrieval manifested through shorter translation latencies. Forty-eight professional conference interpreters produced oral translations of nouns presented in isolation, in high context constraint sentences and in low context constraint sentences. Contrary to predictions, unidirectional interpreters did not manifest directionality asymmetry and their L2–L1 translation latencies were not shorter than L1–L2 translation latencies. Surprisingly, the L2–L1 direction advantage was found in the group of bidirectional interpreters. The data suggest that the dominant directionality in interpreting practice has little impact on the strength of interlingual lexical links in the interpreter’s mental lexicon or that other factors (such as language use, exposure and immersion) might offset any such impact. The study also revealed an expected context effect, which shows that interpreters use semantic constraint to anticipate sentence-final words.
4
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Prowokacja czy metoda? O przekładzie literackim na język nierodzimy na tle poezji semantycznej Stefana Themersona

63%
Derdowska J.
Przekłady Literatur Słowiańskich
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2019
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vol. 9
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issue 2
185-199
EN
This article attempts to give literary translations into non-native languages not only permission and acceptance but justification and theoretical legitimacy. While referring to Stefan Themerson’s postulates of semantic poetry, it explores his philosophy of language to focus on the possible independence of the translator.
CS
Zatímco literární tvorba v jazyce, který není rodným jazykem autora, je společensky akceptovaná a dokonce obdivovaná, překlad do takového jazyka (zejména pokud se jedná o překlad literární) je předmětem mnoha konzervativních norem. Tento článek se snaží nahlédnout na romantické paradigma národního jazyka jakožto posvátného média z kritického hlediska a zastavuje se u možných implikací koncepce sémantické poezie a „sémantického překladu“ Stefana Themersona, díky nimž se může překlad do cizího jazyka ukázat nejen jako omluvitelný a přijatelný, ale dokonce jako opodstatněný.
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