Search results

1

Johann Heinrich Dambeck’s Prague University Lectures on Aesthetics: An Unknown Chapter in the History of Anthropological Aesthetics

100%

Hlobil T.

Estetika: The Central European Journal of Aesthetics

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2013

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vol. 50

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issue 2

212-232

EN

This article presents a summary of the main views in Dambeck’s lectures on aesthetics on the basis of all known sources and compares the views thus obtained with views developed in German aesthetics in the late eighteenth and the early nineteenth century, with the aim of finding their chief source and reintegrating them both into German aesthetics and, more narrowly, into the aesthetics taught at Prague University. Johann Heinrich Dambeck constructed his lecture series on the plan of Zschokke’s textbook Ideen zur psychologischen Aesthetik (1793) which has never been taken into account in any other research on his lectures. The close link between Dambeck’s lectures and this textbook compels us to revise the current understanding of the nature of their ideas. Dambeck has so far been most often unproblematically presented as an adherent and disseminator of Kant’s and Schiller’s ideas about aesthetics in the Bohemian Lands. The key textbook on which he bases his university lecture series is, however, intentionally un-Kantian. Zschokke’s Ideen is part of the psychological-anthropological stream of Late-Enlightenment German aesthetics.

2

Problematyka moralno-obyczajowa w kazaniach oświeceniowych przemyskiego kaznodziei Konrada Kawalewskiego

100%

Gocal A.

Rocznik Przemyski

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2012

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vol. 48

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issue 2: Literatura i Język

47-60

EN

Social and moral issues were given remarkable prominence in the discourse of the Age of Enlightenment. They were often tackled in literary works, journalist columns, philosophical and law-making treatises as well as in sermons. These issues were also given much attention by a Reformati preacher from Przemyśl, Fr Konrad Kawalewski (1758-1832). The subject-matter of his sermons was very much in tune with the problems widely discussed by the leading exponents of this genre during the Age of Enlightenment. In this paper its author focuses mostly on such questions as marriage, family relations, the social status of women, games and entertainments and drunkenness, since Fr Kawalewski devoted to them most of his attention as a keen observer and a moral judge. Konrad Kawalewski's sermons have become an inherent part of the homiletic tradition of the city of Przemyśl and they help create an image of the mentality and social life of the society of the Age of Enlightenment.

3

Black Faces Matter. Tribalism in a Post-Enlightenment World

100%

McCalebb H.

Sztuka i Dokumentacja

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2017

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issue 16

143-147

4

Niezwykły klejnot wiary, czyli o duchowej bliskości pietyzmu i Oświecenia. Na przykładzie poezji religijnej Hansa Adolpha Brorsona (1694–1764)

100%

Szelągowska K.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

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2017

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vol. 60

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issue 4 (124)

111-124

EN

This paper tries to present Pietism as a current and set of ideas linked to the Enlightenment, as a culture focused on individualism and “subjectification”, as well as on the need to dismantle the old authorities and hierarchies. Such a way of thinking is visible in the religious poetry at that time, with the Danish pastor Hans Adolph Brorson. His main work The Rare Jewel of the Faith (Troens rare Klenodie, 1739), a collection of hymns used in the Danish and Norwegian church till today, belongs to the canon of the Danish literature.

5

Nástin Sadovy politické filosofie

100%

Fulka J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2014

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vol. 62

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issue 1

19-37

EN

In this study I devote my attention to the significance of the work of the Marquis de Sade in the field of political philosophy. The first part focuses on the definition of the basic principles of de Sade’s politically-orientated reflexion, examining above all the theory of the moral and affective solitude of the human being, and, derived from this, the relativism of all moral judgement. In the second part I indicate - primarily on the basis of the text Yet Another Effort, Frenchman, If You Would Become Republicans - the consequences that flow for human society from these basic postulates: the impossibility of making a social contract and the arbitrary division between sovereign individuals and victims. In the concluding part of the text I attempt to show the extent to which de Sade’s thought is relevant from a certain kind of contemporary political philosophy: I concentrate here on Balibar’s conception of “the inconvertibility of violence”; on Ogilvie’s concept of “man as a write-off”, and also on the concept of bio-power as it is formulated by Michel Foucault in The History of Sexuality, and later by Giorgio Agamben in Homo sacer.

6

The European frontier in our global village

100%

Gammone M.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2013

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vol. 10(10)

20-28

EN

As F. J. Turner emphasized on the the frontier in shaping American character, we can say that the frontier shaped the European mindset. In the past, the European frontiers have seen war and carnage. However, many crossborder regions have seen dialogue, communication, commerce, change, travel, and reciprocal fertilization. In the global village, the best perception of the values of Europe is along its borders. The light shines strongest in the point of its source, but it is more appreciated to the point of its limit, where darkness and brightness compete for space – and even for life.

7

Subtle mise-en-scènes of the Middle Ages

88%

Hlaváčová A.

Human Affairs

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2013

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vol. 23

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issue 1

40-55

EN

In this paper the author compares the concept of a Noh play, Matsukaze, with a Slovak altar painting from Košice Cathedral. The article uses Japanese Noh, where stage continuity has been preserved up until the present day, to reconstruct European medieval stage practices reflected in 15th century painting. Referring to the platonic tradition, the second speech represents a corrective to the first, thus legitimizing a sense of passion in the process leading to catharsis, or enlightenment.

8

Restoring Catharine Macaulay’s Enlightenment Republicanism?

88%

Green K.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2021

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issue 3

39-57

EN

Can Catharine Macaulay’s enlightenment democratic republicanism be justified from the point of view of contemporary naturalism? Naturalist accounts of political authority tend to be realist and pessimistic, foreclosing the possibility of enlightenment. Macaulay’s utopian political philosophy relies on belief in a good God, whose existence underpins the possibility of moral and political progress. This paper attempts a restoration of her optimistic utopianism in a reconciliation, grounded in a revision of natural law, of naturalist and utopian attitudes to political theory. It is proposed that the coevolution of language, moral law, and conscience (the disposition to judge one’s own actions in the light of moral principles) can be explained as solutions to the kinds of tragedy of the commons situations facing our ancestors. Moral dispositions evolved, but, in the light of its function, law is subject to rational critique. Liberal democracy plausibly offers the best prospect for developing rationally justifiable law.

9

Narracja o niepewnej tożsamości

88%

Kaczmarek A.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2013

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issue 1(4)

161-172

XX

The main purpose of this paper is to show the relation between the situation in Poland after 1989 and the Canadian experience. The paper demonstrates the diagnosis of the situation of the Church proposed by Jozef Tischner and the formula of secularisation put forward a few years later by Charles Taylor. The text addresses the question to what extent Taylor’s diagnosis indicates a change that takes place in modern society (including the Church) and whether Tischner’s formula was rejected by Polish society or, on the contrary, whether it foreshadowed the emancipation of modern man from the Church.

10

Trzy „odczarowania” nowożytnej koncepcji prawa naturalnego

88%

WENDLAND M.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2020

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issue 6(161)

169-187

EN

The article addresses, in the perspective of the history of modern philosophy, the issue of the transformation to which the concept of natural law was subject in the 17th and 18th centuries. The author shares the views of, among others, Habermas and Bobbio, according to which the modern concept of natural law has been made “more positive” or “disenchanted” (after Weber), and thus the traditionally understood law of nature was transformed into the concept of natural rights. The article distinguishes three forms of this process: the first one, i.e., the so-called bourgeois school of natural law (Grotius, Thomasius, Pufendorf); the second one, developed by representatives of the early (moderate) Enlightenment (Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu); the third one, the most radical one, represented by the thinkers the late Enlightenment, mainly French encyclopaedists and materialists (La Mettrie, Holbach, Condorcet, Paine). Their common feature was the gradual abandonment of the metaphysical or theological foundations of natural law in favour of a naturalised ethic.

11

„O, chwilo straszliwa! Bezbronnego Krakusa miecz bratni przeszywa!”. O Krakusie Jana Chodźki

88%

Moskal A.

Heteroglossia - studia kulturoznawczo-filologiczne

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2019

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issue 9

33-47

EN

Currently interest in Slavic and sometimes pagan culture is undergoing a Renaissance phase. It seems reasonable to remind that also in enlightenment writers willingly reached for these threads, reinterpreting them. Among them, it is worth paying attention to the tragedy Krakus of Jan Chodźko, preserved in fragments, which was created in 1804, during a period of intensified dramatic activity, initiated by a competition announced in 1803 by the Society of Friends of Sciences for a tragedy based on historical events. The article attempts to present the artistic vision of the enlightenment artist on the basis of art fragments published in „Journal Vilnius” and „Rubon”.

12

Temná stránka evropského osvícenství

88%

Cerman I.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2013

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vol. 28

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issue 2

307-326

EN

The article introduces esoteric currents of European Enlightenment, which are sometimes referred to as the dark side of Enlightenment. We propose referring to them as illuminism, because they involve a movement, which was not a component of the Enlightenment, but rather its competitor. Our concept is based on six characteristics of esotericism according to Antoine Faivre, but we have adapted them to our purpose, i.e. distinction between illuminism and Enlightenment. Finally, we briefly introduce the main centres and persons of European illuminism. We emphasize the significance of a dialogue with Russia in the all-European context, the north-German and south-German centre within Central Europe and Bordeaux, Lyon and Strasbourg in France.

13

The State of Research on the National Education Commission in the Context of Its Anniversaries

88%

Kryńska E.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2023

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issue 4(142)

23-40

EN

The aim of the article is to analyze the state of research on the Commission of National Education in the context of its anniversaries, especially anniversary celebrations and scientific achievements in 1873, 1973, 2013 and 2023. The historical-comparative method was used, which is used in research on the course of phenomena and processes taking place in past and is based mainly on the analysis of historical sources. Ceremonies commemorating the founding of KEN provoke increased interest in its merits, because the achievements of this distinguished institution are still in the center of attention, not only of historians, education historians, educators, lawyers, but also of those who treat the Polish Enlightenment tradition as an inspiration for reforming the education system. And this is hardly surprising, because the National Education Commission inspired young people with the spirit of citizenship and patriotism, and thus contributed to the survival of Polish culture and language. Moreover, subsequent anniversary celebrations are also a great way to pay tribute to the members and people cooperating with KEN. Generally, these are activities that serve to consolidate historical memory, because good memory of the past is also a clear awareness of the connection with the present.

14

Konstruowanie „ja” w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego na tle epoki i jej tendencji

88%

Górecki P.

Adeptus

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2014

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issue 3

EN

Constructing the self in the literary work of Franciszek Karpiński against the background of the Enlightenment and its tendenciesThe presented paper provides analysis of the notion ‘autobiographism’ contextualised in the literary output of the Polish poet of the enlightenment, Franciszek Karpiński. The question of autobiographism is presented in terms of the literature and philosophy of Jean Jacques Rousseau. This analysis of the phenomena of authenticity and autobiographicality is concerned with constructing oneself in literature as illustrated by certain works, with the primacy of the mundane The History Of My Age And People With Whom I Lived. The essay draws on The Confessions by Rousseau with a view to specifying the connections between these two novels. The consciousness of the impact Rousseau had on the European sense of literature breaks new ground in the interpretation of the legacy of Karpiński. It also enables the recognition of the complete and compact project situated on the verge of literature and philosophy. The breakthrough of this project is contained in the priority given to the Polish historical literary process and the novelty of the autobiographical attitude, which is considered through the application of basic conceptions concerning autobiographism and the modern identity project of the aesthetic human. Konstruowanie „ja” w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego na tle epoki i jej tendencjiSzkic poświęcony jest zagadnieniu autobiografizmu w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego ujmowanemu pod kątem jego związków z twórczością i filozofią Jana Jakuba Rousseau. Analiza zjawisk autentyczności i autobiograficzności dotyka kwestii konstruowania siebie w literaturze na przykładzie konkretnych utworów, z których najważniejszym jest przełomowa dla historii polskiej literatury powieść Karpińskiego Historia mego wieku i ludzi z którymi żyłem. Przedmiotem analizy są m.in. jej związki z Wyznaniami Rousseau. Świadomość wpływu Rousseau na europejskie pojmowanie literatury otwiera nowe perspektywy interpretacyjne twórczości Karpińskiego. Pozwala także dostrzec w jego pisarstwie elementy kompletnego, spójnego projektu sytuującego się na granicy literatury i filozofii. Jego przełomowość polega na pierwszeństwie w polskim procesie historycznoliterackim oraz nowatorstwie postawy autobiograficznej, którą rozpatruję w odniesieniu do podstawowych koncepcji dotyczących autobiografizmu, a także nowoczesnego projektu tożsamościowego człowieka estetycznego.

15

Konstruowanie „ja” w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego na tle epoki i jej tendencji

88%

Górecki P.

Adeptus

|

2014

|

issue 3

33-50

EN

The presented paper provides analysis of the notion ‘autobiographism’ contextualised in the literary output of the Polish poet of the enlightenment, Franciszek Karpiński. The question of autobiographism is presented in terms of the literature and philosophy of Jean Jacques Rousseau. This analysis of the phenomena of authenticity and autobiographicality is concerned with constructing oneself in literature as illustrated by certain works, with the primacy of the mundane The History Of My Age And People With Whom I Lived. The essay draws on The Confessions by Rousseau with a view to specifying the connections between these two novels. The consciousness of the impact Rousseau had on the European sense of literature breaks new ground in the interpretation of the legacy of Karpiński. It also enables the recognition of the complete and compact project situated on the verge of literature and philosophy. The breakthrough of this project is contained in the priority given to the Polish historical literary process and the novelty of the autobiographical attitude, which is considered through the application of basic conceptions concerning autobiographism and the modern identity project of the aesthetic human.

PL

Szkic poświęcony jest zagadnieniu autobiografizmu w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego ujmowanemu pod kątem jego związków z twórczością i filozofią Jana Jakuba Rousseau. Analiza zjawisk autentyczności i autobiograficzności dotyka kwestii konstruowania siebie w literaturze na przykładzie konkretnych utworów, z których najważniejszym jest przełomowa dla historii polskiej literatury powieść Karpińskiego Historia mego wieku i ludzi z którymi żyłem. Przedmiotem analizy są m.in. jej związki z Wyznaniami Rousseau. Świadomość wpływu Rousseau na europejskie pojmowanie literatury otwiera nowe perspektywy interpretacyjne twórczości Karpińskiego. Pozwala także dostrzec w jego pisarstwie elementy kompletnego, spójnego projektu sytuującego się na granicy literatury i filozofii. Jego przełomowość polega na pierwszeństwie w polskim procesie historycznoliterackim oraz nowatorstwie postawy autobiograficznej, którą rozpatruję w odniesieniu do podstawowych koncepcji dotyczących autobiografizmu, a także nowoczesnego projektu tożsamościowego człowieka estetycznego.

16

“Playing catch up”. The notion of needing to accelerate a country’s progress towards a civilised paradise – the Bulgarian version (a proposed entry for a dictionary of peregrinating ideas)

88%

Szwat-Gyłybowa G.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2014

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vol. 14

EN

“Playing catch up”. The notion of needing to accelerate a country’s progress towards a civilised paradise – the Bulgarian version (a proposed entry for a dictionary of peregrinating ideas)This paper outlines the main stages in the process through which the notion of “needing to catch up” (a belief that the country was in need of accelerated development) became incorporated into the idea of Bulgarian national identity. Since the mid-19th century, Bulgarians have tended to rely on the notion of “needing to catch up” as a way of conceptualising their place among “the civilised nations,” a concept they regard with varying degrees of desirability. I use the concept of “needing to catch up” in the sense of a culturally and politically functional standard or template, which nonetheless cannot function as an independent concept since it belongs to different systems of ideas with their various economic, geopolitical, religious, psychological and cultural aspects. Inseparably wedded to the idea of “needing to catch up” is the idea of “retardation”, which was floated in discussions on the Bulgarian condition even before the Bulgarian state emerged as a political reality. As the national movement grew in strength, these inferiority complexes morphed into their mirror image: a belief that Bulgarians were capable of catching up with Europe in terms of cultural advancement. From the early fascination with the cultural achievements of the “enlightened nation” felt by the so-called “Orthodox Enlightenment” thinkers, through a replication of the Russian discourse, this line of reasoning culminated in Marxist ideology (including propaganda between 1945 and 1989) and the post-1989 politics of persuasion. The bell may be tolling for the time-bound idea of “needing to catch up”, a notion which has exhausted its potential to excite intellectual conflict or struggle, and has very possibly resulted is a self-poisoning of the cultures which indulged in it, only to become doomed to dull, infantile repetition. "Doganianie". Idea przyspieszonego rozwoju w drodze do cywilizacyjnego raju. Wersja bułgarskaArtykuł poświęcony jest prezentacji głównych etapów procesu inkorporowania w tkankę bułgarskiej idei narodowej pojęcia doganiania (przyspieszonego rozwoju), które od połowy XIX wieku pozostaje narzędziem konceptualizacji przez Bułgarów ich (różnie wartościowanego) miejsca wśród „narodów cywilizowanych”. „Doganianie” rozumiem jako kulturowo i politycznie funkcjonalny wzór rzeczy, który jest konceptem niesamodzielnym, należącym do różnych systemów idei, mającym swój aspekt ekonomiczny, geopolityczny, religijny, psychologiczny, kulturowy. Formuła opóźnienia, zintegrowana z ideą doganiania zagościła w dyskusjach nad statusem Bułgarów jeszcze przed zaistnieniem narodu politycznego. Wraz z rozwojem ruchu narodowego kompleksy otrzymały swój rewers w postaci wiary w możliwość zrównania poziomu cywilizacyjnego z europejskim. Ta linia rozumowania prowadziła od pierwszych fascynacji dorobkiem „oświeconych narodów” w ramach tzw. oświecenia prawosławnego, przez odwzorowywanie dyskursu rosyjskiego po myśl marksistowską (z jej propagandową dominantą w latach 1945–89) i polityki perswazyjne po 1989 roku. Wydaje się, że współcześnie mamy do czynienia z podzwonnym dla związanej z czasowością idei doganiania, która wyczerpała swój potencjał agoniczny a może nawet przyczyniła się do „samozatrucia” absorbujących ją kultur, skazujących się na infantylizację i nudę powtórzeń.

17

The rise of cognition industry and the impoverishment of scientific reason

75%

Filipowicz S.

Nauka

|

2022

|

issue 1

18

Утвердження просвітницької естетики у щоденнику Петра Апостола

75%

Myshanych Y.

Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie

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2021

|

vol. 8

100-114

EN

The diary of Petro Apostol belongs to great samples of documentary prose of the beginning of the 18th century. Th e document indicates an expressive influence of the European ideological and cultural trend of the Enlightenment, which found its reflection in the language, figurative system and problems. Th e author wrote his diary for more than two years - from May 1725 to August 1727. Th ere are several motifs in the diary, against the background and in the interweaving of which the historical era of Ukraine of that time is visible. First of all, it is told about the family of the Apostols and their life in the Myrgorod regiment. Th e system of images created by the author is interesting - here his parents, peasants, Cossacks, serfs, Cossacks foremen, Russian nobles, merchants, princes, tsars, foreigners, friends of the author. Th e author’s attitude to his heroes is characteristic of enlighteners. It is rationalistic, that is, each mentioned person in society performs his function regardless of which class he belongs to. Particular interest in a wide range of problems that the author writes about in his notes - he is interested in family, agriculture, relations between people, legal issues, the problem of serfdom, poverty, personal relations, he talks about books and newspapers, about friends, about his father, about Prince Menshikov and his service, talks about entertainment and leisure, about dances and receptions, talks about clothes and everyday life, about gift s for the family, about his wife, about baptism and the birth of a child. Th e author does these problems esthetic in his notes, puts them into literary practice.

19

Antická pozitivní versus moderní negativní? Komparace pojetí svobody Benjamina Constanta a Isaiaha Berlina

75%

Květina J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2013

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vol. 61

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issue 4

545-564

EN

Berlin’s dichotomy of positive and negative freedom is, in academic quarters, such a well-discussed problem that any kind of attempt at a fresh interpretation confronts the real risk of developing what has already been said and, in that way, of losing argumentational strength. The aim of this article does not, however, consist in contributing to the debate about the viability of Berlin’s distinction, but in calling into question the stereotypical reception of the intellectual sources that Berlin was inspired by. In the framework of the line of traditions of liberal thinking, which, among others, Berlin himself identifies, is his distinction between two concepts of freedom, usually identified with the principles and intellectual meaning of the classification by the French enlightenment thinker Benjamin Constant. The mixing up of Berlin’s polarity positive–negative with Constant’s scheme of ancient–modern is probably a consequence of the numerous common points in the two conceptions. These, however, lead to the automatic perception of agreement even in those principles for which the level of coherence is questionable. The main aim of this study is, therefore, to indicate, firstly, the proven fact that for a consistent comparison of Berlin’s and Constant’s dichotomy one must examine, in addition to the commonly analysed relationship of negative freedom with modern freedom, the connectedness of the opposite poles in the two cases. Secondly, and more importantly, the thesis is advanced that, in its fundamental properties, Constant’s thinking goes beyond the liberal tradition and points towards Pettit’s republican principles of freedom as non-dominance. This conclusion ultimately leads to the recognition that Berlin’s and Constant’s division cannot be seen as homogenous.

20

Historyzm wobec starożytności w dziełach J.J. Winckelmanna, W. von Humboldta i F. Schlegla. Próba rekonstrukcji i zarys polskiej recepcji

75%

Junkiert M.

Slavia Occidentalis

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2013

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issue 70/2

7-25

PL

The second half of the XVIIIth century contributed to a radical change in the cultural relationship with the past. Historicism, understood as the widespread method of conceptualization of human inventions, appeared not only in historiography, but also marked its presence in literature, philosophy, architecture and art. The aim of this article is to explore some of the outlooks on the connection between historicism and classical antiquity in the works of Winckelmann, Humboldt and Schlegel, important German thinkers with a significant impact on Polish literature and culture.

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Johann Heinrich Dambeck’s Prague University Lectures on Aesthetics: An Unknown Chapter in the History of Anthropological Aesthetics

Problematyka moralno-obyczajowa w kazaniach oświeceniowych przemyskiego kaznodziei Konrada Kawalewskiego

Black Faces Matter. Tribalism in a Post-Enlightenment World

Niezwykły klejnot wiary, czyli o duchowej bliskości pietyzmu i Oświecenia. Na przykładzie poezji religijnej Hansa Adolpha Brorsona (1694–1764)

Nástin Sadovy politické filosofie

The European frontier in our global village

Subtle mise-en-scènes of the Middle Ages

Restoring Catharine Macaulay’s Enlightenment Republicanism?

Narracja o niepewnej tożsamości

Trzy „odczarowania” nowożytnej koncepcji prawa naturalnego

„O, chwilo straszliwa! Bezbronnego Krakusa miecz bratni przeszywa!”. O Krakusie Jana Chodźki

Temná stránka evropského osvícenství

The State of Research on the National Education Commission in the Context of Its Anniversaries

Konstruowanie „ja” w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego na tle epoki i jej tendencji

Konstruowanie „ja” w twórczości Franciszka Karpińskiego na tle epoki i jej tendencji

“Playing catch up”. The notion of needing to accelerate a country’s progress towards a civilised paradise – the Bulgarian version (a proposed entry for a dictionary of peregrinating ideas)

The rise of cognition industry and the impoverishment of scientific reason

Утвердження просвітницької естетики у щоденнику Петра Апостола

Antická pozitivní versus moderní negativní? Komparace pojetí svobody Benjamina Constanta a Isaiaha Berlina

Historyzm wobec starożytności w dziełach J.J. Winckelmanna, W. von Humboldta i F. Schlegla. Próba rekonstrukcji i zarys polskiej recepcji