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Ein Plädoyer für die epistemologische Semantik. Einige Überlegungen zu ihrer Konzeption, zu ihren Aufgaben und zur Analyse der polnischen Fachtextäußerungen im Fachgebiet ‚altgriechische Musik’

100%
Pawłowski G.
Glottodidactica
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2015
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vol. 42
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issue 2
73-99
DE
By way of this article the author seeks to construe epistemological semantics. To this end the author presents his arguments in several aspects as regards a) concepts, b) terms, c) subject matter, d) methods and e) analysis of expressions excerpted from texts. The author’s concept is based on hypotheses employed in anthropocentric linguistics and frame semantics. One of the building blocks of epistemological semantics is constituted by so called epistemic formants of knowledge, understood as the foundation of epistemic experience, as the base for the frames of epistemic knowledge, and hence also as the framework for the constitution of meanings and expressions formed by an individual. As important seem a strict delimitation of the subject area of epistemological semantics and the defining of resultant tasks to be undertaken by linguists. It transpires that both the subject area and the resultant tasks have up till now been restricted almost exclusively to ‘meaning’, without clear reference to the underlying cognitive acts. Methods of the work are rooted in idiocentric (individual) and polycentric (common) approaches known in linguistics. The results of the empirical analysis have been presented and exemplified by a selected specialised neologism from the field of music of Ancient Greece.
2
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Kognitiv und/oder epistemisch? Auf dem Weg zur epistemologischen Semantik

100%
Pawłowski G.
Glottodidactica
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2015
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vol. 42
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issue 1
63-79
DE
When embarking on a journey towards the constitution of epistemological semanticsone needs to describe clearly the key term ’epistemic’ and differentiate between this term and the term ’cognitive’, which has been used so far, but has in time become ambiguous. The author of this article does not present the history of using these terms. Instead he undertakes to clarify the term ’epistemic’ in order to enable himself to operate on problems linked with making epistemological semantics legitimate, including the problem of using specialized neologisms.
3
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Linguistic concepts across languages: The category of epistemic adverbs in English and Polish

88%
Rozumko A.
Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting
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2016
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vol. 2
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issue 1
EN
The category of epistemic adverbs has recently received increased attention in both Anglophone and Polish linguistics, but English–Polish contrastive research in this area has so far been rather fragmentary. English and Polish grammars differ considerably in the ways they classify epistemic adverbs. The differences largely result from the different understanding of adverbs as a category, which in English grammar tends to be presented as broad and heterogeneous while in Polish grammar – rather narrow and uniform. Polish equivalents of English epistemic adverbs are classified as particles – a distinct word class with its own characteristic properties. This paper presents an overview of approaches to epistemic adverbs taken in Anglophone and Polish linguistics with the aim of identifying their convergent points and suggesting a framework for a contrastive analysis. In the case of Anglophone research, the focus is largely on discourse studies because epistemic adverbs are usually seen as a discourse category. In Polish linguistics, however, they are analysed within different theoretical frameworks, which is why the discussion will not be limited to one specific methodological school. Reference is also made to more general issues, such as the treatment of adverbs as a category.
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Siemek and Althusser: A Contribution to Studies on the Convergence of Their Philosophies

88%
Bielińska-Kowalewska K.
Dialogue and Universalism
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2016
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issue 2
193-204
EN
The paper analyses relations between Marek J. Siemek’s views and Louis Althuss-er’s Marxism. The French philosophical tradition, especially structuralism, plays an important role in Siemek’s standpoint which overcomes the opposition between Hegeli-an Marxism and the so-called Structuralist Marxism.
5
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Lexicographic representations of English epistemic adverbs: an overview of problems based on selected monolingual and bilingual (English-Polish) dictionaries

88%
Rozumko A.
Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies
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2013
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issue 2
4-15
EN
Polish students often have problems identifying the contexts in which English epistemic adverbs such as arguably, conceivably, presumably can be used because their uses and functions tend to be culture- and language specific. In consequence, their repertoire of English epistemic adverbs is rather narrow. The aim of this paper is to establish whether the definitions offered by commonly used dictionaries are helpful in learning the meanings and uses of English epistemics. It demonstrates that while the meanings of epistemic verbs and adjectives are usually defined at length, the meanings of the corresponding adverbs are often described very briefly or even omitted.
6
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Ontic or epistemic conception of explanation: A misleading distinction?

75%
Oleksowicz M.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
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2023
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issue 74
259-291
EN
In this paper, I discuss the differences between ontic and epistemic conceptions of scientific explanation, mainly in relation to the so-called new mechanical philosophy. I emphasize that the debate on conceptions of scientific explanation owes much to Salmon’s ontic/epistemic distinction, although much has changed since his formulations. I focus on the interplay between ontic and epistemic norms and constraints in providing mechanistic explanations. My conceptual analysis serves two aims. Firstly, I formulate some suggestions for recognising that both sets of norms and constraints, ontic and epistemic, are necessary for scientific theorising. Secondly, I emphasize that there are multiple dimensions involved in scientific explanation, rather than clear-cut alternatives between ontic and epistemic aspects. I conclude with a general observation that although contextual aspects of explanations are unavoidable, the epistemic-relativity of our categories, explanations and models can in fact be compatible with their objectivity. Instead of making hastily drawn ontological implications from our theories or models, we should carefully scrutinize them from the ontic-epistemic perspective.
7
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A Deistic Discussion of Murphy and Tracy’s Accounts of God’s Limited Activity in the Natural World

63%
Harper L. R.
Forum Philosophicum
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2013
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vol. 18
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issue 1
93–107
EN
Seemingly, in an attempt to appease both the micro-physicists and the classical theists, Nancey Murphy and Thomas Tracy have each developed accounts of God which allow for Him to act, in an otherwise causally closed natural world, through various micro-processes at the subatomic level. I argue that not only do each of these views skew the accounts of both micro-physics and theism just enough to preclude the appeasement of either group but that both accounts can aptly be classified as, what I term, epistemic deism. I go on to argue that epistemic deism is a weak brand of deism that ultimately provides us with little to no answers to any of serious questions discussed within the philosophy or religion.
8
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Epistemic modality expressed through modal verbs in Albanian

51%
Sejdiu-Rugova L., Zogaj D.
Linguistica Copernicana
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2017
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vol. 14
EN
The article aims at investigating epistemic meanings expressed through modal verbs in Albanian on the grounds of the most recent semantic theories of modality. It adopts Huddleston and Pullum’s approach, namely the tripartite scheme of epistemic, deontic and dynamic modality, epistemic having the features of the speakers’ attitude to the factuality of past or present time situations. The strength of the speaker’s commitment according to Huddleston and Pullum (2002) is the basis for the distinction between the modal concepts of necessity and possibility. In Albanian, these two categories were expressed by the modal verbal ‘mund’ for possibility and ‘duhet’ for necessity. Unfortunately, Albanian standard grammars still pay little or no attention to the concept of modality in general. The research conducted in this article is one of the first attemptions to classify more specificallystructural units of epistemic modality , putting emphasis on main epistemic modal verbs. The frequency of usage and the type of epistemic modality associated to the modal verbs duhet, mund and do have been investigated, too. Moreover, other structural types expressing epistemic modality have been identified and marked as well. 
PL
Modalność epistemiczna wyrażana czasownikami w języku albańskimArtykuł ma na celu analizę znaczeń epistemicznych wyrażanych za pomocą czasowników modalnych w języku albańskim, opartych na współczesnych semantycznych teoriach modalności. W artykule przyjęte zostało podejście Huddlestona i Pulluma, a mianowicie trójstronny system modalności epistemicznej, deontycznej i dynamicznej. Modalność epistemiczna wyraża nastawienie mówiącego do prawdziwości sytuacji przeszłych bądź teraźniejszych. Według Huddlestona i Pulluma (2002) siła zaangażowania mówiącego stanowi podstawę do rozróżnienia pomiędzy modalnymi pojęciami konieczności i możliwości. W języku albańskim obie te kategorie zostały wyrażone za pomocą czasownika modalnego ‘mund’ określającego możliwość i ‘duhet’ określającego konieczność. Niestety standardowe gramatyki albańskie wciąż poświęcają zbyt mało uwagi lub też wcale nie skupiają się na ogólnym pojęciu modalności. Przedstawione badanie jest pierwszą próbą bardziej szczegółowej klasyfikacji jednostek strukturalnych modalności epistemicznej. Szczególny nacisk położony jest na główne epistemiczne czasowniki modalne. W artykule została także przeanalizowana frekwencja użycia i rodzaj modalności epistemicznej związanej z czasownikami modalnymi duhet, mund i do. Ponadto rozpoznane i scharakteryzowane zostały również inne typy czasowników wyrażających modalność epistemiczną.
9
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O času a způsobu modálních sloves v italštině ve srovnání s angličtinou

45%
Klímová E.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2020
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vol. 102
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issue 1
72-86
EN
The article deals with Italian and English modal auxiliaries, considered as non-grammatical competitors of grammatical means, i.e. the verbal mood, acting as indicators of different modal meanings. Within the modality of the utterance, defined as “the grammaticalization of a speaker’s (subjective) attitudes and opinions”, modal auxiliaries may not only be associated with epistemic and deontic modal meanings; they may also contribute to the expression of various illocutionary acts. Thus, they are observed on the borderline between different types of modality. The tense and mood of two Italian modal auxiliaries, potere and dovere, are investigated with the aim to demonstrate how their inflexional forms may correspond to several English modal auxiliaries expressing the same modal meaning. At the same time, the constructions with modal auxiliaries may be considered as analytical deontic and epistemic moods that contribute to the explicit indication of a particular modal meaning.
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