Search results

1

Štýl neumeleckých textov z každodenného života s dôrazom na lexiku

100%

Orgoňová O., Bohunická A.

Stylistyka

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2017

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vol. 26

139-154

EN

Our paper examines the issue of conversational style in informal dialogical communication (between friends). We chose this subject as a relatively new focus ofstylistic research in opposition to traditional stylistics, focused more on monologue and literary language. Using the methods of ethnomethodology and discourse analysis we aim to clarify the problematics of principles of conversational style.

2

Kritická kriminologie

99%

Šmausová G.

Česká kriminologie (Czech Criminology)

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2022

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vol. 7

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issue 2

1-20

EN

This essay is intended as an introduction for Czech readers to critical criminology, which emerged in the late 1960s in the United States and Western Europe. It covers the labelling approach, symbolic interactionism, ethnomethodology and conflict theories, and primarily provides a critique of etiologic criminology, which investigates the causes of criminality. The criticism lies in that “criminality” and “criminals” do not have an ontic character, but an ascribed one. It also faults etiologic criminology for not acknowledging all the institutions responsible for producing definitions of crime. Critical criminology examines the entire feedback control system and comes to the conclusion that the criminal justice system targets clients in an extremely selective way, despite the fact that putative criminal modes of behaviour are of universal distribution. This unequal and unfair assignment of the criminality label, along with its negative consequences for “offenders”, is the main social criticism here.

3

Stratégie prezentovania väčšinového a menšinového názoru v online diskusiách o dotáciách do poľnohospodárstva

85%

Lindbloom J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2010

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vol. 46

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issue 4

505–535

EN

Drawing on discourse analysis and ethnomethodology, this study presents an analysis of online political discussions on the contentious issue of agricultural subsidies as a case of ‘talk-in-(inter)action’. A corpus retrieved from an internet forum biased towards right-wing framings of political issues furnished this study with a means to focus on an ‘inter-discursive’ contestation taking place within a debate setting characterised by an asymmetric representation of opposing viewpoints. Entries criticising and entries defending agricultural subsidies and/or farmers were juxtaposed and analysed as culturally adroit performances of the social role of a representative of a local majority or minority opinion. The paper provides an elucidation of the unequal demands on representation of these diverse positions and clarifies the effects of some frequently employed discursive strategies, which bolster both the persuasiveness of the promoted interpretation and the positioning of the represented discourse on the battlefield of gaining/maintaining discursive dominance. It is argued and shown that the position of local dominance vs. subordination is not a matter only of numerical prevalence, but also (and perhaps primarily) of the interactional co-production of respective positions and of the discursive accomplishment of corresponding social roles.

4

Standing in Public Places : An Ethno-Zenic Experiment Aimed at Developing the Sociological Imagination and More Besides ...

85%

Konecki K.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2017

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vol. 53

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issue 6

881-902

EN

This article describes and analyses an ethno-Zenic experiment consisting of standing motionless in public places (for example, at the entrance to a shopping mall, in front of a petrol station, a bank or a shop, or on a street corner). The research was inspired by an ethnomethodological approach to lived order and psychological knowledge - derived from Buddhism - on how the mind works. Some inspiration was also drawn from symbolic interactionism. The experiment was aimed first at discovering the basic assumptions underlying our everyday activities. A second and more important goal was to deconstruct the work of the mind, especially with respect to the process of the looking-glass self and ‘producing’ emotions. The article also discusses the use of the self-study method (ethno-Zenic experiments) to deconstruct the mind as part of a lived order in a certain location and, in the wake of that, mindfulness.

5

‘You Can’t Take It Personally’: Emotion Management as Part of the Professional Nurse’s Role

85%

Šmídová Matoušová O., Tollarová B.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2014

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vol. 50

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issue 6

839-874

EN

This study looks into the culture of nursing professionals in the present-day Czech health-care system at a time of personal, generational, and educational transitions (reforms), which have driven a change of organisational-cultural means in the relationship between two key professions: doctors and nurses. The article presents the results of a biographical study of nurses, paying detailed attention to their emotional labour in cooperation with doctors in accident and emergency ward settings. The study draws on the concept of organisational culture in practice/action, on a Goffmanian and Garfinkelian ethnomethodology of scripts of interaction (rules, norms) in order to reconstruct the feeling rules that govern a nurse’s emotional display and her role in cooperating with doctors. The article stresses the importance of emotion management as a substantial part of the gendered professional identities of health-care workers and discusses the situations when nurses’ subordinate status requires a kind of stressful emotion management to keep the doctor-nurse professional relationship intact, which is not required from doctors. The study also presents a variety of coping strategies or practices normalising these morally questionable feeling rules and norms, which guide action as an integral part of the ordinary practices of the social organisation of the nurse’s occupation in hospital settings.

6

“Neo-apparent” actions. Some remarks on changes of public communication and academic life

85%

Czyżewski M.

Przegląd Socjologiczny

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2009

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vol. 58

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issue 4

9-30

EN

The times of the so-called ‘real socialism’ abounded with apparent actions. It would seem that such post-1989 changes as political democratization, market facilitation of the economy and introduction of the principle of publicity into the public sphere should have yielded a gradual marginalization of apparent actions. Instead, there are still plenty of apparent actions in Polish social life, even if their sources, mechanisms and functions have partly changed. The article addresses the two areas where apparent actions are particularly intense. In the fields of Science and Higher Education, a number of detrimental, and usually taboo, fictions have cumulated, especially in the domain of research, publications and mass education. The sphere of mass media, journalism, public debates and shaping of public opinion contains equally destructive illusions. Recent tendencies in apparent actions urge a theoretical reflection on apparent communication and apparent knowledge, and help to isolate ‘neo-apparent’ actions.

7

Proselyting in First-contact Situations as an Instructed Action

85%

Sherman T.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2010

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vol. 46

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issue 6

977–1009

EN

Drawing on ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, this study examines the phenomenon of proselyting in first-contact public situations as conducted, learned, continually developed, and reflected by American Mormon missionaries from the Church of Latter-Day Saints (LDS) in the Czech Republic, with a focus on first-contact public proselyting (FCPP) encounters. Proselyting is analysed as an instructed action and as a situation in which one party is initially aware of the category of encounter which is to take place, while the other party (or parties) is not, and it is necessary to create the particular type of encounter and then to execute it in some effective and beneficial way as defined by the first party. I examine the types of order to which both parties orient in these situations, i.e. local and extended sequential order, topical order, and categorial order, as they are layered in the doing of the instructed action. The findings demonstrate that, as opposed to the lay perception that religious missionaries simply recite learned passages and phrases in doing their proselyting work, their activities in fact involve complex sequences of communicative work which require the utilisation of experience, tacit knowledge, and creativity. In addition, while it is possible to flesh out and describe a clear sequence of phases in FCPP encounters which, from the outsider’s perspective, constitute proselyting, there is little which otherwise differentiates it from other types of activities involving talk.

8

Interpersonal relations in social research. Selected search prospects

80%

Czykwin E.

Studia z Teorii Wychowania

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2020

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vol. XI(4(33))

9-23

EN

Especially for laymen, interpersonal relationships seem to be clumsy and chaotic. Due to the dynamics, uniqueness, emotionality and embedding of interpersonal relations in various situational contexts, they elude the scientific objective perspective of the approach. However, social sciences have generated a number of approaches that allow researchers to see it in a more coherent and research-operational way. Some of them are mentioned in the article. The semantic-linguistic approach is fertile and promising. I evoke them by citing two metaphors: organic and dramatic by Erving Goffman. I also pay attention to the individual and social nature of the conceptual category of the reflected self (Charles Cooley), which reveals the individual-social nature of this concept. Yet another is the much explaining the labeling approach of Howard Becker, the role of expectations (Robert Rosenthal) and the significant current of ethno-methodology. In addition to these well-known perspectives, new ones have emerged in recent years. These include the stigmatizing approach introduced by Goffman in the 1970s, but which has found new theoretical and research continuations today. Reaching for emotions is something completely new, especially in sociology. I am referring here to the importance of the emotion of shame as the most fundamental emotion in the terms of Thomas Scheff.

9

Znovu k 11. 9. 2001: Jak se „dělá historie“ v politickém diskurzu

71%

Nekvapil J., Leudar I.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2010

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vol. 46

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issue 4

619–642

EN

Drawing on ethnomethodology, this article addresses what participants do as ‘practical historians’ – how they use and produce history in and through their activities. Specifi cally, it studies how historical contingencies are built into antagonistic political talk and to what effect. To that end, the authors revisit three of their own papers, all of which analysed how the 9/11 attacks in the United States were represented. The authors reanalyse the texts focusing on how the protagonists in the confl ict (Bush, Blair and bin Laden) ‘did history’. The analysis reveals two related methods of ‘practicing history’: one is to situate contemporary events relative to historical antecedents and so provide them with history-contingent meanings; the other is to constrain the historical understanding of the events in future.

10

„Tam, gdzie kiedyś był Komitet Wojewódzki”. Czy istnieje wspólna pamięć o mieście?

71%

Kowalewski M.

Przegląd Socjologiczny

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2011

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vol. 60

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issue 2-3

343-634

PL

Autor stawia w tekście pytania o to, czy możliwe są wspólne narracje na temat przeszłości miasta, czy możliwa jest wspólna pamięć o mieście? Laboratoryjnym przykładem odtwarzania pamięci o mieście jest sytuacja wywiadu jakościowego, podczas którego przedstawiane są wydarzenia z historii miasta. Celem przyjętym przez autora jest zbadanie, czy tym co „skleja” rozproszoną pamięć o mieście jest m.in. zdroworozsądkowa geografia, traktowana jako część samo narzucającej się refleksji o rzeczywistości. Odwoływanie się do przeszłości miasta, wskazywanie na istotne punkty orientacyjne pełni być może taką samą rolę, jak opisywane przez etnometodologów rytuały potwierdzania wspólnych sensów i inne praktyki podtrzymywania interakcji [Garfinkel, 1967, Sacks, 1972, Cicourel, 1984]. Problemy te zostały omówione w odniesieniu do projektu badawczego zrealizowanego w metodologii oral history pt. „Relacje świadków Grudnia 1970 w Szczecinie”.

EN

The author asks in the article whether common narrations and common memory of the city are possible. A laboratory example of reconstructed memory is the qualitative interview during which a city’s history is presented. The purpose of the article is to examine if common-sense geography can “glue together” the dispersed memory of the city. Recalling a city’s past, pointing out the important places and landmarks may act as confirmation of common meanings and other interactive methods, such as the et cetera principle, described by ethnomethodologists [Garfinkel 1967, Sacks 1972, Cicourel 1984]. These problems are discussed with evidence from research project “Witnesses of December 1970 in Szczecin”, carried out according to the methodology of oral history.

11

Metody jakościowe w badaniu przedsiębiorczości

71%

Piecuch T., Molter A.

Problemy Zarządzania

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2014

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issue 3/2014 (47)

XX

The subject of the paper is to characterise the selected qualitative methods and the possibilities of using them in the research on entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is a multifaceted, interdisciplinary process of creating new values and richness. A great significance in its development lies in intangible resources, qualitative aspects, therefore, while researching it, qualitative methods are very frequently used as they enable one to better get to know and understand the complexity of this process.

PL

Przedmiotem opracowania jest charakterystyka wybranych metod jakościowych i możliwości ich wykorzystania w badaniach przedsiębiorczości. Przedsiębiorczość to wieloaspektowy, interdyscyplinarny proces kreowania nowych wartości, tworzenia bogactwa. Duże znaczenie w jej rozwoju odgrywają zasoby niematerialne, aspekty „miękkie”, dlatego do jej badania bardzo często wykorzystuje się metody jakościowe, pozwalające lepiej poznać i zrozumieć różnorodność i złożoność tego procesu.

12

Theoretical Perspectives in Analysing the Phenomenon of Non-medical Healthcare

57%

Stefaniak Ł.

Konteksty Społeczne

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 2

EN

The article refers to the social dimension of non-medical healthcare. It presents four theoretical perspectives (symbolic interactionism, phenomenology, ethnomethodology and praxeology) which can be used in the analysis of the problems of medical sociology. It specifically focuses on the causes of the unwavering popularity of healers and other unconventional therapists.

PL

Artykuł odnosi się do społecznego wymiaru lecznictwa niemedycznego. Przedstawia cztery perspektywy teoretyczne (interakcjonizm symboliczny, fenomenologię, etnometodologię i prakseologię), które można wykorzystać w analizie problemów będących przedmiotem zainteresowania socjologii medycyny. W sposób szczególny skupia się na przyczynach niesłabnącej popularności uzdrowicieli oraz innych niekonwencjonalnych terapeutów.

13

Społeczny kontekst poznania i wiedzy

57%

Białynicki-Birula P.

Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance

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2014

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issue 2(28)

5-14

PL

Artykuł dotyczy kwestii wiedzy w aspekcie uwarunkowań ludzkiego poznania. Zasadniczy cel stanowi określenie desygnatu pojęcia „wiedzy społecznej” oraz sposobów jej kategoryzacji. Przedstawione zostały kluczowe zagadnienia wiążące się z poznaniem, zarówno na poziomie jednostkowym, jak i zbiorowym. Przedyskutowano dylematy wiążące się z naturą ludzkiego poznania w ostatecznym rachunku rzutującym na charakter i kształt społecznej wiedzy. W konkluzji stwierdzono, że jest ona relatywizowana do właściwych człowiekowi warunków poznania, a każdy rodzaj wiedzy, włączając w to naukową, rozwija się w stałym iunctim ze swoim środowiskiem społecznym.

EN

The paper discusses the problem of knowledge in terms of determinants of human cognition. The main objective is to determine the designatum of the concept of social knowledge and the methods of its categorization. The author presents the key issues concerning knowledge and cognition, both individual and collective. He discusses the dilemmas arising from the nature of human knowledge and ultimately impinging on the nature and shape of social knowledge. He concludes that social knowledge is relative to human knowledge, and that every kind of knowledge, including scientific, develops in close connection with its social environment.

14

Etnometodologia jako socjologia literatury? O konstruowaniu obcości w Witolda Gombrowicza Notatkach z Dziennika 1951-1952

57%

Dobrzański D.

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

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2017

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vol. 9(45)

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issue 4

249-267

PL

W artykule podejmuję zagadnienie statusu obcości w Notatkach z Dziennika Witolda Gombrowicza, publikowanych w paryskim miesięczniku „Kultura” (1951-1952). Obcość, inność to jeden z podstawowych tematów autoanaliz Gombrowicza podejmowanych zarówno w debiutanckim Pamiętniku z okresu dojrzewania (Bakakai 1933), jak i w ostatniej powieści Kosmos (1965). W moim tekście rekonstruuję to pojęcie z konstruktywistycznej perspektywy etnometodologii, starając się dookreślić podstawowe znaczenie obcości, jakie występuje we wczesnych Notatkach z Dziennika 1951-1952. Zasadniczo rekonstruuję obcość jako narzucaną czytelnikowi strategię pisarza zbudowania sobie nowej emigracyjnej publiczności. Z tego powodu w mniejszym stopniu interesuje mnie egzystencjalny wymiar obcości, inności etc. W zakończeniu artykułu przytaczam kilka uwag na temat sfery publicznej w ujęciu Helmutha Plessnera.

EN

The paper addresses the status of the strangeness in Witold Gombrowicz’s Diary Notes published in the monthly journal “Kultura” in Paris, in 1951-1952. The problem of strangeness and otherness is one of the fundamental topics of Gombrowicz’s self-analyses. The issue was taken up both in the author’s first short story collection Memoirs from puberty (Bacacay, 1933) and in his final novel (Cosmos, 1965). The present paper is an attempt at reconstructing the concept of strangeness from the constructivist perspective of ethnomethodology, with a focus on pinpointing the basic meaning of strangeness found in Gombrowicz’s early Diary Notes 1951-1952. Essentially, I reconstruct strangeness as a strategy imposed by the author on the reader with a view to creating a new emigré audience. For this reason, the existential dimension of strangeness and otherness is not in the immediate focus of attention in the presented analysis. The concluding section presents selected remarks about the public sphere on Helmuth Plessner`s framework.

15

Krystalizace historického okamžiku v mediální dialogické síti: etnometodologická analýza kauzy lhaní politika Haška

57%

Tesařová K.

Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics

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2016

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vol. 7

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issue 2

86-106

EN

This study deals with an analysis of the political affair in Czech Social Democratic Party. Politician M. Hašek and his colleagues refused to confess to their meeting with the president, which occurred immediately after the parliamentary elections in autumn 2013. The qualitative analysis of mass media texts is based on the combination of three analytical tools — concepts of media dialogical network, structured immediacy, and an apparatus of membership categorization analysis. The fact that the call for the resignation of the party’s leader B. Sobotka was linked to the secret meeting with the president after the election resulted in the description of the event as a coup. In contrast, politicians accused of coup organization claimed that the call was a spontaneous reaction on the party’s election results. Mass media labeled M. Hašek a liar and subsequently his rivals asked him and his colleagues to resign. The interpretation of their resignation was also twofold — according to Sobotka and his supporters, they were accepting their responsibility for crisis in the party, while Hašek’s group declared that they were responding to the election results. The accused politicians used historical parallels from undemocratic eras of the Czech history in order to delineate the mass media campaign against them, while the party’s leader and his supporters considered the event to be a part of their recent aim to gain power in the party. Sequential and categorization aspects of interaction appear to be closely connected in observed media dialogical network. Describing the event as a coup or rejecting it actually simultaneously reflected a conflict between the different perspectives on the sequence of actions. In addition, participants from both sides deepened their membership categorization by highlighting relevant historical antecedents. The mass media were also actively involved in the “crystallization” of the affair.

16

Determinanty przesyłania informacji (etno-emergenting)

57%

Dworak J., Kretek H. A.

Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development

|

2021

|

issue 2(101)

121-137

PL

Artykuł opracowano na potrzeby identyfikacji części składowych informacji, które nieprawidłowo zdiagnozowane są źródłem licznych niedomówień, spekulacji, a nawet manipulacji. Bazując na etnometodologii i emergencji, wyartykułowano strukturę informacji, której nośnikami są: fakt, prawda, abstrakcja, fikcja i kontekst. Następnie zaprezentowano strukturę i kodyfikację informacji, która pozwoli na ocenę jej rzetelności, wiarygodności i przydatności w procesie podejmowania trafnych decyzji. Proces analizowania poszczególnych części przekazywania informacji został przez autorów nazwany etno-emergentingiem.

EN

The article was prepared for the purpose of identifying information components that are incorrectly diagnosed and are the source of numerous: understatements, speculations and even manipulations. Based on ethnomethodology and emergence, the information structure has been articulated, the carriers of which are: fact, truth, abstraction, fiction and context. Then, the structure and codification of information is presented, which will allow for the assessment of its reliability, credibility and usefulness in the process of making right decisions. The authors call the process of analyzing individual parts of information transfer ethno-emergenting.

17

Działania „neopozorne”. Uwagi na temat przeobrażeń komunikowania publicznego i życia naukowego

57%

Czyżewski M.

Przegląd Socjologiczny

|

2009

|

vol. 58

|

issue 1

9-31

PL

Czasy tzw. realnego socjalizmu obfitowały w działania pozorne. Wydawać by się mogło, że demokratyzacja systemu politycznego, urynkowienie gospodarki i wprowadzenie zasady jawności po 1989 roku powinno prowadzić do stopniowego rugowania działań pozornych z polskiego życia społecznego. Działań pozornych mamy jednak nadal mnóstwo, choć z pewnością przemianom uległy ich uwarunkowania, mechanizmy i funkcje. Tekst odnosi się do dwóch obszarów obejmujących szczególnie intensywne działania pozorne. Sporo szkodliwych i powszechnie tabuizowanych fikcji nagromadziło się w dziedzinie nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego, szczególnie na polu badań naukowych, publikacji oraz masowego kształcenia. Równie problematycznym obszarem szkodliwej pozoracji jest dziedzina kształtowania opinii publicznej, tzw. debaty publicznej, dziennikarstwa oraz mediów. Uwzględnienie nowych trendów w ramach działań pozornych prowadzi do refleksji teoretycznej na temat komunikowania pozornego i pozornej wiedzy, w tym do wyróżnienia typu działań „neopozornych”.

EN

The times of “real socialism” have abounded with apparent actions in Jan Lutynski’s sense. It seemed after 1989 that such changes as political democratization, marketization of economy and introduction of the principle of publicity into the public sphere should yield a gradual marginalization of apparent actions. Instead, there are still plenty of apparent actions in Polish social life, even if their sources, mechanisms and functions have partly changed. The article refers to the two areas where apparent actions are particularly intense. In the fields of science and higher education, a number of detrimental and usually tabooed fictions have cumulated, especially in the domain of research, publications and mass education. The sphere of mass media, journalism, public debates and shaping of public opinion contains equally destructive illusions. Recent tendencies in apparent actions urge a theoretical reflection on apparent communication and apparent knowledge, and help to single out “neo-apparent” actions.

18

Jazyk a sociální interakce v přirozeném světě: o Goodwinově teorii ko-operativního jednání

50%

Kaderka P., Mlynář J., Nekvapil J., Sherman T., Tůma F.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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2024

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vol. 85

|

issue 2

150-172

EN

This text provides a critical analysis and assessment of Charles Goodwin’s theory of co-operative action. First, it characterizes Goodwin’s distinctive research style, analyzing his specific way of presenting research findings, as well as drawing on memoir and biographical texts and published interviews. This distinction lies in: a) a strong emphasis on the collection and analysis of empirical data, b) the use of video data, c) the original presentation of data and analysis in collages/assemblages of transcripts, images and analytical commentary, d) a holistic, integrative and interdisciplinary approach to the research object, e) the inclusion of ethnographic knowledge in the analysis, and f) an axiomatic style of thinking. Then the text introduces the conceptual architecture of the theory of co-operative action and discusses the contributions of this theory to the field of (linguistic) anthropology, particularly to questions about the origins of language, the historical diversification of languages and cultures, the situated nature of communication, the distribution of knowledge, and the formation of competent members of cultural communities. It concludes that Goodwin’s theoretical insights have the potential to shape the future of not only linguistic anthropology, but also interactionally-oriented linguistics.

Refine search results

Štýl neumeleckých textov z každodenného života s dôrazom na lexiku

Kritická kriminologie

Stratégie prezentovania väčšinového a menšinového názoru v online diskusiách o dotáciách do poľnohospodárstva

Standing in Public Places : An Ethno-Zenic Experiment Aimed at Developing the Sociological Imagination and More Besides ...

‘You Can’t Take It Personally’: Emotion Management as Part of the Professional Nurse’s Role

“Neo-apparent” actions. Some remarks on changes of public communication and academic life

Proselyting in First-contact Situations as an Instructed Action

Interpersonal relations in social research. Selected search prospects

Znovu k 11. 9. 2001: Jak se „dělá historie“ v politickém diskurzu

„Tam, gdzie kiedyś był Komitet Wojewódzki”. Czy istnieje wspólna pamięć o mieście?

Metody jakościowe w badaniu przedsiębiorczości

Theoretical Perspectives in Analysing the Phenomenon of Non-medical Healthcare

Społeczny kontekst poznania i wiedzy

Etnometodologia jako socjologia literatury? O konstruowaniu obcości w Witolda Gombrowicza Notatkach z Dziennika 1951-1952

Krystalizace historického okamžiku v mediální dialogické síti: etnometodologická analýza kauzy lhaní politika Haška

Determinanty przesyłania informacji (etno-emergenting)

Działania „neopozorne”. Uwagi na temat przeobrażeń komunikowania publicznego i życia naukowego

Jazyk a sociální interakce v přirozeném světě: o Goodwinově teorii ko-operativního jednání