Search results

1

Kadry muzyką opatrzone. O krótkiej współpracy Witolda Lutosławskiego z filmowcami.

100%

Muras W.

Kwartalnik Młodych Muzykologów UJ

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2016

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issue 1(28)

5-31

EN

Creation of film music is only an episode in all of Witold Lutosławski’s way of oeuvre. He composed music to five films – three of which were not preserved (short films from the 1930s), two others that have been preserved were middle-feature films from the 1940s. This article is an attempt to reconstruct the character of the cooperation between Lutosławski and the directors, outlining the historical con¬text and the circumstances of the works’ creation, and in case of the preserved films, to discuss their musical aspect. Uwaga – komunikat filmowy z frontu pracy (Beware! A Film Communiqué from the Front Lines of Work, 1934) and Gore! (Fire!, 1936) were directed by Euge¬niusz Cękalski in cooperation with Stanisław Wohl. Zwarcie (Short Circuit, 1935) was created by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson. We know very little about Lutoslawski’s music in these films, but it was always appreciated in press reviews. After the Second World War documentary films became popu¬lar, but they contained propaganda features, which aimed to in¬form about the scale of devastation of Polish territory. One of them was Odrą do Bałtyku (Via the Oder to the Baltic, 1946) directed by Stanisław Urbanowicz. The sound element of the film has largely an illustrative character (in neoclassical style), it is a background for the narrative’s comment. Various arrangements of songs (Zasiali górale [The mountain people have sown], Przybyli ułani pod okienko [The lancers have come to the window]) which are incorporated inthe soundtrack, underline the propaganda message of the film. The last film with Lutosławski’s music was Suita warszawska (Warsaw Suite, 1946) directed by Tadeusz Makarczyński. Again we can hear illustrative music, even real music (urban folk – polka and waltz), but sometimes music is more independent and abstract. After that the composer got several proposal to write film music, but he did not undertake this anymore (mainly for financial and time reasons).Film stills with the accompaniment of music. On the short cooperation of Witold Lutosławski and filmmakers

2

Anna G. Piotrowska, „O muzyce i filmie. Wprowadzenie do muzykologii filmowej”, Kraków 2014 Musica Iagellonica, ss. 380. ISBN 978-83-7099-192-0

100%

Bernatowicz W.

Muzyka

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2018

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vol. 63

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issue 4

113-121

3

Muzyczny eklektyzm w trzech etiudach Romana Polańskiego. Rozbijemy zabawę, Lampa i Gdy spadają anioły

88%

Pomostowski P.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 29

301-311

EN

Author of the article, juxtaposing together three studies school of Roman Polanski, discusses the functions of music used in each of them. Due to the fact that the entire work the author of the Pianist’s is characterized by musical eclecticism – which is the main thesis of the article – it is proposed to look at the film music of early Polanski films, and to try to find a specific lineage of this eclecticism. Break Up the Dance, Lamp and When Angels Fall titles, which in the light filmic and musicological investigations differ from each other. Do not change the fact that each of these works “signs” that the director – the creator of not only the visual layer, but also (not forgetting the work of the composer) sound. In his early work Roman Polanski begins to create a kind of “range of methods” in relation to functions of music in the work of the film. The article is an attempt to systematize them and to find the film and the music key.

PL

Musical eclecticism in three etudes by Roman Polanski. Break Up the Dance, Lamp and When Angels Fall Author of the article, juxtaposing together three studies school of Roman Polanski, discusses the functions of music used in each of them. Due to the fact that the entire work the author of the Pianist’s is characterized by musical eclecticism – which is the main thesis of the article – it is proposed to look at the film music of early Polanski films, and to try to find a specific lineage of this eclecticism. Break Up the Dance, Lamp and When Angels Fall titles, which in the light filmic and musicological investigations differ from each other. Do not change the fact that each of these works “signs” that the director – the creator of not only the visual layer, but also (not forgetting the work of the composer) sound. In his early work Roman Polanski begins to create a kind of “range of methods” in relation to functions of music in the work of the film. The article is an attempt to systematize them and to find the film and the music key.

4

Unsettling Melodies: a Cognitive Approach to Incongruent Film Music

88%

Willemsen S., Kiss M.

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies

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2013

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vol. 7

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issue 1

169-183

EN

Incongruent film music is a soundtrack, either diegetic or nondiegetic, which expresses qualities that stand in contrast to the emotions evoked by the events seen. The present article aims at covering two interconnected areas; the first is comprised of a critical recapitulation of available theoretical accounts of incongruent film music, whilst the second part of the paper offers an alternative, embodied-cognitive explanation of the audio-visual conflict which arises from this particular type of incongruence. Rather than regarding it as a phenomenon that works through disrupting conventions, we stress a perceptual-cognitive reason behind incongruence’s emotional strangeness.

5

Music emotions and associations in film music listening: The example of leitmotifs from The Lord of the Rings movies

88%

Chełkowska-Zacharewicz M., Paliga M.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

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2019

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vol. 22

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issue 2

151-175

EN

The aim of the present study was to investigate which musical emotions and associations appeared while listening to leitmotifs in film music. A sample of 157 participants took part in the study, in which musical associations and emotions were analysed in relation to seven groups of musical themes from The Lord of the Rings films (LOTR). The LOTR soundtrack is a good example of the use of symbols in music to represent ideas, characters, etc. The results show that both the respondents’ associations and the musical emotions they experienced were related to the characteristics of musical motifs. The results are discussed in relation to the assumed features of musical motifs composed by Howard Shore.

6

Dźwięk i znaczenie w Truposzu Jima Jarmuscha

87%

Bitka S.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2018

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issue 29

EN

The aim of the article is to prove that the Dead Man soundtrack written by Neil Young plays an essential part in understanding and interpreting Jim Jarmusch’s film. The author of the article highlights the meaningful role of Dead Man in the director’s oeuvre, analyses the film’s structure, examines the process of recording the soundtrack as well as characterizes the selected scenes. He singles out the music motifs, their functions, and outlines the musical and dramatic effect of the film.

7

Filmy dla muzyki. Edgar Varèse i Bill Viola

75%

Mungen A.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2009

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vol. 7

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issue 13-14

29-45

EN

Anno Mungen focuses on “films made for music” and on the rare phenomenon of ‘music depicted by picture’ (S. Kracauer). The narration about historical metamorphoses of varied forms of coexistence between music and picture is accompanied by a reflection on the laws of audiovisual perception. The main examples are discussed, these concentrating on the artistic ideas of Walt Disney’s animated film Fantasia and – first of all – on Edgard Varèse’s bold ideal of spatial music, attained post mortem in Bill Viola’s Déserts (1994). After a detailed analysis of Viola’s film the author admits that the movie pictures deduced from music are able to render the latter its own substantial visual power.

PL

Films for Music. Edgard Varèse and Bill Viola Anno Mungen focuses on “films made for music” and on the rare phenomenon of ‘music depicted by picture’ (S. Kracauer). The narration about historical metamorphoses of varied forms of coexistence between music and picture is accompanied by a reflection on the laws of audiovisual perception. The main examples are discussed, these concentrating on the artistic ideas of Walt Disney’s animated film Fantasia and – first of all – on Edgard Varèse’s bold ideal of spatial music, attained post mortem in Bill Viola’s Déserts (1994). After a detailed analysis of Viola’s film the author admits that the movie pictures deduced from music are able to render the latter its own substantial visual power.

8

Muzyka jako nośnik „niewyrażalnego” w filmie Podwójne życie Weroniki Krzysztofa Kieślowskiego

71%

Al-Araj A.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2015

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issue 24

261-274

EN

In this article I try to interpret the music aspect of Krzysztof Kieslowski’s famous movie The Double Life of Véronique (1991, music: Z. Preisner). The director, whose works are full of allusions to music and generally to art, always paid special attention to the sound of his movies. The Double Life of Véronique, though not the last “fruit” of the cooperation between Kieslowski and Zbigniew Preisner, is the best illustration of this fact. The musical elements permeate almost all aspects of this work, from the plot to the structure of the movie (the use of the leitmotif technique), and correspond closely to the action. The key importance of music is illustrated by a description of what I consider to be the film’s three most significant scenes: two from the “Polish” and one from the “French” part of this work.

9

Go West, czyli bracia Marx dosiadają żelaznego konia

63%

Pomostowski P.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2014

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vol. 14

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issue 23

117-125

EN

The article is about the tenth image by famous Marx Brothers. Author of the text carried out a thorough analysis of the film Go West for the current in the game with western conventions. The text consists of five parts – introduction and four separate mini-chapters. In the first context the statement made b y the film Go West (by Edward Buzzel) the masterpiece of silent cinema – Iron Horse directed by John Ford, seeing the first image of a series of references to the other one. The second part is devoted to the image of Indians in the film Go West in the context of the existing schemes in the cinema of the thirties and forties. In the next section the author discusses the functions used in film music, and in the last – the final chase sequence, seeing in it references to the tradition of film slapstick. In conclusion, the author states that the game with conventions manifests itself not only in the film for a specific genre, but also the cinema in general, which in 1940 was an innovative solution.

PL

The article is about the tenth image by famous Marx Brothers. Author of the text carried out a thorough analysis of the film Go West for the current in the game with western conventions. The text consists of five parts – introduction and four separate mini-chapters. In the first context the statement made b y the film Go West (by Edward Buzzel) the masterpiece of silent cinema – Iron Horse directed by John Ford, seeing the first image of a series of references to the other one. The second part is devoted to the image of Indians in the film Go West in the context of the existing schemes in the cinema of the thirties and forties. In the next section the author discusses the functions used in film music, and in the last – the final chase sequence, seeing in it references to the tradition of film slapstick. In conclusion, the author states that the game with conventions manifests itself not only in the film for a specific genre, but also the cinema in general, which in 1940 was an innovative solution.

10

Obce fonosfery. Dźwiękowe krajobrazy pozaziemskich planet w kinie science fiction

63%

Topolski J.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

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2023

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issue 122 Krajobrazy, panoramy, terytoria

58-84

PL

Krajobraz w filmie oddawany jest nie tylko w obrazie, ale i w dźwięku. Autor ukazał jego kreację na przykładzie dziesięciu filmów science fiction, zrealizowanych na przestrzeni blisko 70 lat, pokazujących pozaziemskie planety. W opisie ich fonosfery wykorzystał teorię pejzażu dźwiękowego R. Murraya Schafera oraz analizę audio-wizualną Michela Chiona. W pionierskich filmach z przełomu lat 50. i 60. użycie eksperymentalnych efektów elektroakustycznych zamazuje rozróżnienie między dźwiękiem a muzyką i jest jednym z elementów wywołujących wrażenie niesamowitości. W środkowej części artykułu autor porównał adaptacje dwóch kanonicznych utworów gatunku – Solaris Stanisława Lema i Diuny Franka Herberta – które wprowadzają kontrastujące planety. Zestawienie to pokazało, jak żywioły przekładają się na dźwięki i jaką funkcję owe dźwięki mogą pełnić. W ostatnim rozdziale zostały opisane dwa seriale będące najnowszymi odsłonami fantastycznych sag: Star Trek i Gwiezdnych wojen. W pierwszym powraca wątek żyjącej planety, a w drugim toniki dźwiękowej opartej na materiale.

EN

In cinema, the landscape is reflected not only in the image, but in the sound as well. The article discusses the creation of the latter based on ten science-fiction films, dating from a period of nearly 70 years, that show extraterrestrial planets. Their soundscapes are described in terms of R. Murray Schafer’s theory and Michel Chion’s audio-visual analysis. In pioneering titles from the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of experimental electro-acoustic effects blurs the distinction between sound and music, creating an impression of the uncanny. In the middle part of the article, adaptations of two canonical texts of the genre are compared – Stanisław Lem’s Solaris and Frank Herbert’s Dune – which introduce contrasting planets. Thanks to the juxtaposition, it turns out how their elements translate into sounds and what function these sounds can take. The last section describes two series that are the latest spin-offs of the fantastic sagas: Star Trek and Star Wars. In the first, the motif of a living planet returns, and in the second, the material-based keynote sound.

11

O traktorze pędzącym w rytm Kalinki. Folklor w filmach animowanych Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej powstałych w latach 1949–1984

63%

BABULEWICZ K.

Edukacja Muzyczna

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2016

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issue 11

61-80

PL

Filmy animowane dla dzieci zasługują na uwagę nie tylko jako utwory ukierunkowane na prze- kazywanie treści dydaktycznych, czy też mające zapewnić najmłodszym widzom rozrywkę – nieraz dokumentują rzeczywistość, utrwalają modę i detale architektoniczne. W przypadku zaś, gdy pojawiają się w nich nawiązania do tradycji ludowych, pozwalają obserwować proces prze- kształcania werbalnych form kultury w formy audiowizualne; jako jeden z tekstów kultury maso- wej wpływają również na to, jak kształtowane są wyobrażenia na temat kultury ludowej. Przedmiotem analizy są wybrane filmy animowane powstałe w ZSRR, Czechosłowacji i w Pol- sce w latach 1949–1984, a zatem w czasie panowania w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej socjali- zmu. Pod uwagę wzięto jedynie produkcje adresowane do odbiorcy dziecięcego. Folklor muzycz- ny pojawia się w tychże filmach w różnorodnej postaci: opracowywany bywa zgodnie z tradycja- mi muzyki klasycznej, łączony z muzyką estradową, masową, współczesną muzyką rozrywkową, albo wręcz przeciwnie – wykorzystywane są nagrania terenowe tradycyjnych pieśni. Zmienia się rola nawiązań folklorystycznych. W artykule szczególna uwaga poświęcona zostaje wydźwiękowi ideologicznemu, z jakim wiąże się wykorzystywanie muzyki ludowej w poszczególnych produk- cjach; w filmach powstałych do „odwilży” założenia realizmu socjalistycznego wdrażane są zwy- kle dość pieczołowicie, kolejne dekady ukazują natomiast stopniowe wychodzenie poza narzucone dyrektywy, co zaowocowało dużą różnorodnością widoczną w odniesieniu do wszystkich kompo- nentów filmu animowanego, w tym również – podejścia do tematyki ludowej. Zaobserwować można też różnice w podejściu do repertuaru tradycyjnego w poszczególnych krajach – uwarun- kowane nie tylko presją ideologiczną, ale również odmiennymi tradycjami muzycznymi.

EN

Animated films for children deserve attention not only as works designed to transfer a didactic content, or to keep the youngest audience entertained – sometimes they document reality, perpetu- ate the fashion and architectural details. Similarly, when they refer to folk traditions, one can observe the conversion process of verbal forms of culture into audiovisual forms; as one of mass culture texts, they influence the way in which are shaped ideas about folk culture. The subject matter of the analysis is focused on the music for animated films produced in the USSR, Czechoslovakia and Poland between 1949 and 1984, that is during the rule of socialism in the Central and Eastern Europe. Only productions designed for children have been taken into consideration. Music folklore appears in these films in various forms: sometimes developed in accordance with the traditions of classical music, combined with the live music performing, mod- ern mass pop music, or on the contrary – they use field recordings of traditional songs. The func- tion of folk references is changing. The article pays particular attention to the ideological signifi- cance associated with the use of folk music in different productions; in the films created till “the Thaw” the postulates of socialist realism were usually implemented quite thoroughly, while the films of the next decades were gradually going beyond the imposed directives, which resulted in a great diversity perceptible in all the components of the animated film, including the approach to the folklore subjects. There are observable differences in the approach to the traditional repertoire in different countries – determined not only by the ideological pressure, but also by different musi- cal traditions.

12

The Blockbuster Biopic Bohemian Rhapsody as an Expression of Cinema / Music Synergy

63%

Radošinská J., Rusňáková L., Točená Z., Schwarz M.

Communication Today

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2023

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vol. 14

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issue 1

4-21

EN

The study focuses on Bohemian Rhapsody (2018, directed by Bryan Singer, later Dexter Fletcher), the biographical drama that reflects on the extraordinary lives and career patterns of the four members of the rock band Queen, predominantly the band’s frontman, Freddie Mercury. Given the fact that this feature film has changed the way we perceive the economic potential of biopics entirely, we offer an overview of some of the reasons why it was so successful in terms of the globalised film industry. The main objective of the study is to outline the biographical drama’s synergistic tendency in relation to the movie industry and the music business. Acknowledging Bohemian Rhapsody’s unprecedented global success, we work with the assumption that certain biographical dramas can, in fact, become globally popular, partly thanks to the fact that they utilise music as a nostalgia-driven narrative tool making portrayals of musicians deeper and more complex. The assumption is addressed via a theoretical reflection on the given topic and through a qualitative content analysis of the biographical drama Bohemian Rhapsody.

13

Jazzowość filmu - filmowość jazzu. O muzyce Krzysztofa Komedy w filmach krótkometrażowych Romana Polańskiego

63%

Pomostowski P.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2012

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vol. 10

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issue 19

95-103

EN

The relationship between a film director and the composer of the film soundtrack is an exceptionally interesting research subject. Even more so in the context of Krzysztof Komeda’s music in Roman Polański’s film etudes. It is a rare case for the influence of music on a film and for the influence of the film on the music to be so significant in the shaping of the styles of two artists on the threshold of their careers, one of whom is a composer, the other one being a film director.In the article, the author attempts to prove that creating a film using directing solutions that refer to jazz music elements is just as possible as the transformation of a jazz composer (in the context of a film) into an author of music which also becomes a film soundtrack. What is more, the mutual inspirations translate into the artistic development of both artists which is noticeable in their subsequent joined works. Those are: Two Men and a Wardrobe (1958), The Fat and the Lean (1961) and Mammals (1961).The author performs a film study-musicological analysis of the films mentioned above on the basis of the works of Marek Hendrykowski, Alicja Helman, Zofia Lissa, and Emilia Batura; he also uses the opinions of the authors themselves on their shared films which are the subject of the analysis mentioned. Examining the role of Krzysztof Komeda’s music in Roman Polański’s short films proved that apart from functionalizing the basic element of a music piece (melodics, agogic, rhytmics, and meter), the element of improvisation – characteristic of jazz – can also occur in a film, present both in its visual as well as in the sound layer. Thus, the use (on both levels) of elements of two kinds of art different from each other (in an ontological sense) has a significant influence on the shaping of the unique style of both artists.

PL

The Jazziness of a Film – the Filmicness of Jazz. About the Music of Krzysztof Komeda in the Short Films of Roman Polański The relationship between a film director and the composer of the film soundtrack is an exceptionally interesting research subject. Even more so in the context of Krzysztof Komeda’s music in Roman Polański’s film etudes. It is a rare case for the influence of music on a film and for the influence of the film on the music to be so significant in the shaping of the styles of two artists on the threshold of their careers, one of whom is a composer, the other one being a film director.In the article, the author attempts to prove that creating a film using directing solutions that refer to jazz music elements is just as possible as the transformation of a jazz composer (in the context of a film) into an author of music which also becomes a film soundtrack. What is more, the mutual inspirations translate into the artistic development of both artists which is noticeable in their subsequent joined works. Those are: Two Men and a Wardrobe (1958), The Fat and the Lean (1961) and Mammals (1961).The author performs a film study-musicological analysis of the films mentioned above on the basis of the works of Marek Hendrykowski, Alicja Helman, Zofia Lissa, and Emilia Batura; he also uses the opinions of the authors themselves on their shared films which are the subject of the analysis mentioned. Examining the role of Krzysztof Komeda’s music in Roman Polański’s short films proved that apart from functionalizing the basic element of a music piece (melodics, agogic, rhytmics, and meter), the element of improvisation – characteristic of jazz – can also occur in a film, present both in its visual as well as in the sound layer. Thus, the use (on both levels) of elements of two kinds of art different from each other (in an ontological sense) has a significant influence on the shaping of the unique style of both artists.

14

Brzmienie „Blade Runnera 2049”. O przenikaniu się muzyki i obrazu w filmie science fiction

63%

Brodowska J.

Creatio Fantastica

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2018

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issue 2(59)

123-142

EN

The article addresses the subject of coexistence of music and image in a movie with particular emphasis on science fiction aesthetics. It points out the important form-generating role of music in the visions of the future created within this genre. The key issue here is the use of electronic music, considered to be the most adequate for illustrating futuristic worlds. Based on the research of musicologists, the most representative examples of a combination of electronic and avant-garde music with a picture in science fiction cinema are chronologically discussed. The starting point for these considerations is the characteristic universe and ambient sounds of Blade Runner. However, the analysis focuses mainly on the music from the sequel, Blade Runner 2049, in which the style initiated by Vangelis is continued by Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch. The main part of the article is a discussion of non-diegetic and diegetic music in Blade Runner 2049. It emphasizes its unique correlation with the visual layer of the film and an its important role in shaping the Bladerunner’s world. This example raises a broader subject of the importance of electronic music for future-oriented science fiction movies.

15

Художественно-эстетическая специфика использования фортепиано в акустическом пространстве киномузыки Джо Хисаиши

63%

Zaytseva M., Titova T.

Path of Science

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 12(17)

7.1-7.12

RU

В статье обосновывается проблематика функционирования музыки в системе медиатекста, анализируются этапы творческого сотрудничества композитора Джо Хисаиши и режиссера Хаяо Миядзаки в процессе создания анимационных фильмов, освещаются важнейшие события биографии этих мастеров. На примере анимационного фильма «Унесенные призраками» (2001) выявлены особенности взаимодействия музыкального, речевого и видео рядов в определена роль фортепиано в акустическом пространстве киномузыки Джо Хисаиши.

EN

The article explains the problems of music functioning in the media text system, analyzes the stages of the creative collaboration of composer Joe Hisaishi and director Hayao Miyazaki in the creation of animated films, highlights the most important events in the biography of artists. On the example of the animated film "Spirited Away" (2001), the peculiarities of interaction of music, voice and video in the series are revealed, the role of the piano in the acoustic space of film music by Joe Hisaishi is defined.

16

Między kulturą wysoką a kulturą popularną. O muzyce George'a Gershwina w „Manhattanie” Woody'ego Allena

55%

Pomostowski P.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2013

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vol. 12

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issue 21

243-255

EN

The article focuses on the relationships between high culture and popular culture in relation to film music. To this end, the author conducted a thorough analysis of the works of George Gershwin used in Woody Allen’s film Manhattan. The article consists of two parts and a conclusion. In the first part, the author presents a brief history of the continuous grinding together of high and popular culture in music, resulting in symphonic jazz, which came about in the 1920s, and whose precursor was George Gershwin. The second part is a cinematic and musicological analysis of all the works of Gershwin appearing on the soundtrack of Manhattan, and an attempt to find associations between the director and composer. In conclusion, the author notes that the phenomenon of mixing of popular culture and mass culture (both on the music, as well as its use in the work of the film) is subordinated in both George Gershwin and Woody Allen’s work to attempts to find their own identity, and one of the sources of inspiration of both artists is the same New York City, which is a city-myth.

PL

Between high culture and popular culture. The music of George Gershwin in Manhattan by Woody Allen The article focuses on the relationships between high culture and popular culture in relation to film music. To this end, the author conducted a thorough analysis of the works of George Gershwin used in Woody Allen’s film Manhattan. The article consists of two parts and a conclusion. In the first part, the author presents a brief history of the continuous grinding together of high and popular culture in music, resulting in symphonic jazz, which came about in the 1920s, and whose precursor was George Gershwin. The second part is a cinematic and musicological analysis of all the works of Gershwin appearing on the soundtrack of Manhattan, and an attempt to find associations between the director and composer. In conclusion, the author notes that the phenomenon of mixing of popular culture and mass culture (both on the music, as well as its use in the work of the film) is subordinated in both George Gershwin and Woody Allen’s work to attempts to find their own identity, and one of the sources of inspiration of both artists is the same New York City, which is a city-myth.

17

Etiudy Agnieszki Osieckiej

51%

Hendrykowski M.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2012

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vol. 11

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issue 20

163-187

EN

In 1957, the famous young Polish poet and song lyrics writer Agnieszka Osiecka (1936-1998) began studying in the Film School in Łódź. She studied film directing in 1957-1961. After graduating in film arts, she decided not to pursue a professional career in cinema. This analytical essay charts the history of the Film School in Łódź in the 1950s, the student works of Osiecka, and the inspiring confluence of audiovisual culture and film. The essay also explores in detail a wide spectrum of Polish film art of that period, providing original interpretations of eight études made by the young and talented artist during her film directing studies in Łódź.

PL

Agnieszka Osiecka’s Student Films In 1957, the famous young Polish poet and song lyrics writer Agnieszka Osiecka (1936-1998) began studying in the Film School in Łódź. She studied film directing in 1957-1961. After graduating in film arts, she decided not to pursue a professional career in cinema. This analytical essay charts the history of the Film School in Łódź in the 1950s, the student works of Osiecka, and the inspiring confluence of audiovisual culture and film. The essay also explores in detail a wide spectrum of Polish film art of that period, providing original interpretations of eight études made by the young and talented artist during her film directing studies in Łódź.

18

„Composing for the films” Theodora W. Adorno i Hannsa Eislera jako krytyczna refleksja o muzyce filmowej

51%

Kwapień J.

Muzyka

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2020

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vol. 65

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issue 3

21-40

EN

"Composing for the Films" is a unique book in film musicology. Published in 1947, it was a nearly immediate response to the fast developing Hollywood film industry. Though it was the product of a collaboration between two authors, Theodor Adorno and Hanns Eisler, for many years it was known only under the name of that latter artist. Despite its original concepts, it has never been analysed by Polish scholars. The first part of my paper focuses on the circumstances of writing this book and the history of its editions, which was made complicated by both authors’ difficult political situation. Critical theory, as adapted by Adorno for the study of film music, is the key to the concepts contained in this book. In my article, I distinguish four thematic segments in the authors’ commentary: a) criticism of cinematography as a manifestation of mass culture; b) criticism of composition technique in film music; c) criticism of traditional composition techniques and a discussion of the possible uses of new music in films; d) presentation of the dangers related to the use of new technologies in film music. Such a division of topics makes it possible for me to cover all the aspects discussed by the authors, and related to musicology, philosophy, economy, politics, and sociology. My analyses of Adorno and Eisler’s ideas has been extended so as to include Max Weber’s sociological concepts and Adorno’s notions of the fetish character in music, rationalisation, and regression of listening. I also present a survey of selected composition techniques still applied in film music today, which the authors describe as ‘bad habits in composition’.

PL

Książka Composing for the films jest wyjątkową pozycją wśród literatury muzykologii filmowej. Wydana w 1947 roku była niemal natychmiastową odpowiedzią na szybko rozwijający się w Hollywood przemysł filmowy. Chociaż powstała we współpracy dwóch autorów – Theodora Adorno oraz Hannsa Eislera, przez wiele lat znana była tylko pod nazwiskiem tego drugiego. Pomimo oryginalności koncepcji, nie była ona przedmiotem analizy w Polsce. W pierwszej części artykułu koncentruję się na okolicznościach powstania publikacji oraz historii jej wydań. Proces ten był utrudniony ze względu na skomplikowaną sytuację polityczną obu autorów. Kluczem interpretacyjnym koncepcji zawartej w książce jest teoria krytyczna, zaadaptowana przez Theodora Adorno do badań nad muzyką filmową. W artykule wyodrębniam zawarte w myśli autorów cztery segmenty tematyczne – krytykę kinematografii jako przejawu kultury masowej, krytykę warsztatu kompozytorskiego twórcy muzyki filmowej, krytykę tradycyjnych technik kompozytorskich i możliwości zastosowania w kinie nowej muzyki oraz krytykę i niebezpieczeństwa związane z użyciem w muzyce filmowej nowej technologii. Taki podział umożliwił mi przedstawienie wszystkich czynników analizowanych przez autorów – muzykologicznych, filozoficznych, ekonomicznych, politycznych, socjologicznych. Analizę samej refleksji autorów poszerzam o koncepcje socjologiczne Maxa Webera oraz Theodora W. Adorno - fetyszyzację muzyki, racjonalizację, regresję w słuchaniu. Przedstawiam także część technik kompozytorskich, wciąż stosowanych w muzyce filmowej, które autorzy opisują jako ,,złe nawyki kompozytorskie'' – stosowanych przez kompozytorów do dziś.

19

Film Music and the Crystal-Image in Krzysztof Zanussi’s The Structure of Crystal

45%

Boczkowska E.

Roczniki Humanistyczne

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2020

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vol. 68

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issue 12

165-180

EN

Krzysztof Zanussi’s 1969 debut feature film, The Structure of Crystal (Struktura kryształu), revolves around two scientists with opposing worldviews-one rooted in ethical integrity and the other driven by conformism. These polarities are reflected in Gilles Deleuze’s notion of the crystal-image, which I apply to Wojciech Kilar’s music for the film. I argue that Kilar’s underscoring continuously reshapes the grounds of understanding between the antagonistic worldviews at the film’s core, ultimately to deliver a powerful critique of the social reality of post-1968 Poland.

PL

Muzyka filmowa i obraz-kryształ w Strukturze kryształu Krzysztofa Zanussiego Tematyka debiutanckiego filmu fabularnego Krzysztofa Zanussiego Struktura kryształu (1969) koncentruje się wokół dwóch naukowców o przeciwstawnych poglądach: jeden z nich charakteryzuje się integralnością etyczną, podczas gdy drugi kieruje się konformizmem. Polaryzacje te znajdują odzwierciedlenie w koncepcji obrazu-kryształu Gillesa Deleuze’a, którą wykorzystano w prezentowanym artykule w odniesieniu do ścieżki dźwiękowej Wojciecha Kilara. Autorka uzasadnia tezę o skomponowaniu muzyki tła w sposób umożliwiający przekształcanie płaszczyzny porozumienia między leżącymi u podstaw filmu antagonistycznymi światopoglądami, co ostatecznie prowadzi do ukazania ostrej krytyki społecznej rzeczywistości Polski po 1968 roku.

20

«Київський авангард» у діалогах елітарної та масової культур. На прикладі творчих пошуків композиторів Володимира Губи і Святослава Крутикова

45%

Дмитрієва О.

International Journal of Slavic Studies Transgressive, Pragmatic and Speculative Horizons of Popular Literature and Culture

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2021

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vol. 1

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issue 3

118-132

EN

Professional academic music occupies a special place in the system of culture. The composer’s cultural activity is designed to expand the artistic and aesthetic horizons of public consciousness and to influence the formation of worldviews. In particular, the elite musical culture not only fills the deficit of self-worth of creativity, the spiritual growth of the individual, but also assumes the function of breaking stereotypes. The ideas of dialogue and integration of mass and elite cultures are both negative and positive. On the example of cultural missions of Vladimir Guba and Svyatoslav Krutikov, prominent representatives of Ukrainian culture, members of the group "Kyiv avant-garde" we will outline the influence of elite musical culture on the reconstruction of anthropocentric values.

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„Composing for the films” Theodora W. Adorno i Hannsa Eislera jako krytyczna refleksja o muzyce filmowej

Film Music and the Crystal-Image in Krzysztof Zanussi’s The Structure of Crystal

«Київський авангард» у діалогах елітарної та масової культур. На прикладі творчих пошуків композиторів Володимира Губи і Святослава Крутикова