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EN
This paper includes a definition of the indicator of the effectiveness of spatial trade on the macro scale. The degree of efficiency of a given sector, for example transportation, is determined by the relation of production and its cost. This relationship can be evaluated by various models of spatial economies. One of the possible way is considered in this study.
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Air freight transport in Poland

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EN
Air transport is currently one of the major branches of transport both in the national – and global – economies. It is one of the fastest, most expensive, but at the same time also most effective types of transportation. It plays a fundamental role in the global economy, particularly in the transcontinental carriage of goods and passengers. Its availability and quality constitute a powerful driving force for a country’s development. Air freight transport, both in Poland and worldwide, is seen mostly from the angle of long-distance passenger flights. Given that, one often tends to forget the role of this transport branch in the case of freight transport. Air cargo transport is a booming branch with great development potential. The development of air freight is the key for gaining a competitive advantage by Polish enterprises. This, however, is related to considerable experience and knowledge on the part of both the carrier and the owner of goods with regards to the technical capacities of a given aircraft, maintenance costs, and rule awareness. The objective of the paper is to present the volumes of air cargo shipments in Poland and to identify the hazards and obstacles to its development. The study authors endeavour to analyse air freight transport in Poland. To this end, details will be presented regarding air cargo transport at Polish airports based on the Civil Aviation Authority (ULC) and Central Statistical Office (GUS) data and air market reports.
EN
The aim of the research was to identify the links between industrial and logistic activities with the railway network in the Szczecin metropolitan area (Poland). The research area covered communes belonging to the Szczecin Metropolitan Area Association and several adjacent communes, closely related to them due to the route of railway lines – 18 communes in total. The railway infrastructure and investment projects related to its expansion were analysed. The current status and development prospects for rail freight in the studied area are presented. The analysis used, inter alia, unpublished data of PKP PLK on the average daily train traffic. The railway network of the research area covered almost 360 km of railway lines and over 80 railway sidings. Freight trains were serviced at 17 stations, including 12 having generally accessible loading points. The main generators of rail freight were seaports and chemical plants in Police (Poland) – as evidenced by the traffic flows (number of freight trains) on railway lines leading to freight stations serving these entities.
PL
Celem podjętych badań była identyfikacja powiązań działalności przemysłowej i logistycznej (przeładunki, magazynowanie) z siecią kolejową na obszarze metropolitalnym Szczecina. Zakres badań objął gminy należące do stowarzyszenia Szczecińskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego oraz kilka przyległych gmin, ściśle z nimi powiązanych ze względu na przebieg linii kolejowych (łącznie 18 gmin). W artykule przeanalizowano infrastrukturę kolejową oraz projekty inwestycyjne związane z jej rozbudową. Przedstawiono stan istniejący, a także perspektywy rozwoju kolejowych przewozów towarowych w badanym obszarze. W analizie wykorzystano m.in. niepublikowane dane PKP PLK o średniodobowym ruchu pociągów. Sieć kolejowa obszaru badań obejmowała prawie 360 km linii kolejowych i ponad 80 bocznic kolejowych. Składy towarowe były obsługiwane na 17 stacjach, spośród których 12 miało ogólnodostępne punkty ładunkowe. Głównymi generatorami kolejowych przewozów towarowych były porty morskie i zakłady chemiczne w Policach – świadczą o tym potoki ruchu (liczba pociągów towarowych) na liniach kolejowych prowadzących do stacji towarowych obsługujących te podmioty.
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