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EN
In spite of the differences in the interpretation of early medieval graves of the discussed Norman or Ruthenian attribution, derivatives of different theoretical and cognitive paradigms, successive generations of researchers are united in their conviction of the exceptional nature of these graves in the Oder-Vistula interfluve. Archaeologists are also unanimous in treating them as burials from the 2nd half of the 10th to the 1st half of the 11th century which present a set of specific burial practices, distinguishingone of the groups of the secular elite of the first Piast state. However, researchers have different views on ethno-cultural valorisation of the discovered objects. In this case, the author maintains his earlier opinion that the burial practices of the individuals buried there are ‘rooted’ in the Scandinavian model of funerary culture of the Viking period. However, in the research process, it cannot be a sufficient premise for prejudging the ethnos. In order to give credibility to the conclusions, in line with the modern model of integrated multidisciplinary research, the hypotheses formulated by archaeology require verification by the results of molecular and isotopic studies of human bones. Limiting the ethnic study of archaeology’s necropolis sources to the indications of bio- and geochemistry is cognitively inadequate, as aDNA analyses only establish biological affinities. Isotopic studies determine the relationship of a deceased person to a specific geographical region, in both cases providing no insight into important aspects of early medieval human life like the mentality-determining membership of a socially and politically organised religious and mythic-ethnic-cultural community.
EN
One of the most important stages of inheritance proceedings was the inventory of the legacy. When completed, an inventory gave the successors a chance to assess if they were interested in the acquisition of inheritance and to settle testators debts and claims. When an estate was highly indebted relatives had the right to opt out from it. Th is was the case with the inventory of the legacy of Samuel and Katarzyna Zawadzki from 1682. Th eir document is unique as it also contains a detailed list of the amounts spent on the funeral – costs of the ceremony, the wake, and ad pias causae. It is not only an example of source material but also an insight into the spiritual culture of nobility living in Royal Prussia, the more so as such information is not common in other similar inventories from the Middle Ages and the early modern period.
PL
Jednym z najważniejszych etapów postępowania spadkowego stanowiła inwentaryzacja spadku. Gotowy inwentarz pozwalał spadkobiercom na zapoznanie się ze składem masy spadkowej oraz regulację kwestii związanych z wierzytelnościami i długami denata. W przypadku rejestru pośmiertnego małżeństwa Samuela i Katarzyny Zawadzkich z 1682 r. jest to również źródło informujące o poczynionych względem pogrzebu wydatkach. Zawiera on dokładne wyliczenie sum przeznaczonych na organizacje ceremonii, stypę i realizacje pobożnych zapisów jakie, przynajmniej częściowo, znalazły się zapewne w testamencie wdowy. Podobne, szczegółowe informacje spotykane są w inwentarzach szlacheckich tylko sporadycznie. Czyni to rejestr Zawadzkich ciekawym i wartym uwagi nie tylko z punktu widzenia historii, ale z racji funkcji źródła także historii prawa.
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