Search results

1

The Status of Women in the Soviet Union

100%

Darbaidze E., Niparishvili T.

Journal of Geography, Politics and Society

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2023

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vol. 13

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issue 1

1-10

EN

For centuries, many women have been at the forefront of the struggle for emancipation and political changes. Efforts at integrating the idea of emancipation into society was an important part of the Bolshevik ideology; thus, the October Revolution of 1917 brought women new hope and new expectations. The Soviet Union was the first country in the world to successfully open the door to new economic and educational opportunities for women. In 1917, the Bolshevik legislative initiatives provided them with full political and civil rights while new legislation made women legally equal to men. The constitution adopted in July 1918 secured the political and civil equality of women and men. However, the gender policy developed and implemented by Lenin significantly changed after his death. Until the second half of the 1930s, the Soviet Union remained the world leader in terms of providing women with equal rights. However, after the new leader of the Soviet Union, Stalin, came to power, the government policy on women and equality substantially transformed. During Stalin’s rule, the concept of “a new type of woman” was created. The early Bolshevik policy, which started with a radical liberal vision of individual freedom and women’s rights, devolved into an abyss of cynicism that burdened women with a disproportionate responsibility for unpaid work in the household. The purpose of this work is to study the role of women during the early Soviet period and to examine legal and political changes in women’s status. The study aims at explaining what the main goal of the Soviet gender policy was in fact, whether it actually changed the status of women and what crucial changes it ultimately brought to them. Using the method of content analysis, the content of official documents, press and scientific literature was analyzed. At the same time, attempts were made to identify and analyze the positive and negative results of the Soviet policy by applying the method of critical research.

2

Gender equality in social and labor relations

75%

Kolesnyk V., Tatarenko G.

Reality of Politics

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2021

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issue 15

44-56

EN

While reforming of the Ukrainian state, an important part of ensuring the social process is gender issues, providing equal opportunities for self-realization of a person regardless of gender, age, nationality or social origin. In accordance with the Millennium Development Goals adopted by the world community in 2000, one of the priorities of international development and indicators of social and economic development is ensuring gender equality. The implementation of gender equality ideas contributes to the effective use of human potential and, consequently, to the expansion of human development opportunities. Studying the processes of creation and implementation of gender policy in public administration is one of the new areas of research at the current stage of state formation. Its relevance is due to the processes of democratization of the Ukrainian society and search for ways to increase the effectiveness of public policy concerning equal rights and opportunities for women and men. Nowadays it is paid considerable attention to gender equality aspects by many international organizations. Thus, the United Nations (UN) has developed a number of global Sustainable Development Goals (CDGs) for 2015-2030, which were approved in 2015 at the UN Summit on Sustainable Development and which now all countries are committed to. The fifth of the seventeen CDGs is to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. In 2017, the Government of Ukraine presented the “Sustainable Development Goals: Ukraine” national report, which addresses gender equality as an essential task. It is emphasized that in Ukraine it is necessary to create conditions for elimination of all women discrimination forms. In this regard the relevant objectives and basic indicators for their achievement have been identified. Despite the fact that the world pays more and more attention to research in the field of gender equality, in Ukraine this issue remains one of the marginal segments in the public administration science. Therefore a systematic study of the formation of a gender-balanced staff at local executive bodies is becoming important. It is the management staff of local executive bodies that is sharply criticized; its mistakes and misjudgments significantly affect the standard of living, the welfare of citizens of a particular administrative-territorial unit, and the image and authority of government and the state as a whole. In the article it is analyzed the principles and mechanisms of state gender policy in Ukraine in the social and labor area, in particular in the civil service, it is studied the latest changes in the legal framework on gender issues, and it is described the existing legal issues that slow the further development of gender integration in all spheres of public administration, it is developed proposals to improve gender policy legal framework at the current stage.

3

Modern internal political reforms in the Arabian states: key reasons and implementation factors

75%

Nazarkov V.

Reality of Politics

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2020

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issue 14

134-143

EN

In this article is determined that the main factor that led to political transformations in the Arabian Peninsula was the process of globalization. Moreover, the impact on the countries of this region was carried out in two vectors - externally and internally. As a result of the active promotion of Western traditions of understanding and functioning of political systems, cardinal reforms and transformations in gender policy, education, socio-economic level, etc. have taken place in the countries of the studied region. The relevance of the study of the proposed topic is due to the fact that the Middle East, including and the Arabian Peninsula become important in Ukraine’s international relations. Although, as the practice of post-reform events shows, often these changes are only declarative rather than systemic. This is primarily due to the slow and unstable movement towards the transformation of socio-political institutions, despite the rather strong pressure in this context from leading international organizations and the leadership of key Western political states.

4

Women in Confucian Society: Traditions and Developing New Trends

75%

Zabrovskaia L.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2015

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issue 28

61-68

EN

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of women’s status and their level of social position in countries with Confucian traditions. The article analyzes how gender identity is constructed out of social and political forces. It was supplemented by comparative studies of the gender policies provided by the contemporary authorities of Korea, China and Japan and discovers a new tendency in their internal policies. The author reveals the historical roots of women’s low positions in Confucian societies and shows the present changes of women’s social status. It was underlined that the real gender situation leaves much to be desired in Japan. China’s authorities try to overcome negative traditions in family life and build the modern nation-state with high global competitive abilities. The authorities of the two parts of Korea are going to raise women’s social status. The Korean states have made outstanding progress in their gender policies. The authorities of all states with Confucian traditions have an aim to involve more women in economic activity, to increase the effectiveness of their economies. Doing this they may avoid the invitation of a big number of foreign workers.

5

Gender equality policy in Georgia and challenges

63%

Letodiani T.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2021

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issue 3

105-118

PL

Badania naukowe potwierdzają, że równość szans dziewcząt i chłopców jest jedną z najważniejszych determinant rozwoju, która ma pozytywny wpływ na postęp we wszystkich istotnych dziedzinach, w gospodarce, polityce i życiu społecznym kraju. Poniższy artykuł łączy interdyscyplinarne badania w celu zbadania ważnych aspektów zasad równości płci w Gruzji w różnych obszarach, w tym zaangażowania politycznego kobiet, kwot i mechanizmów podczas wyborów, przemocy domowej i przemocy wobec kobiet – prewencja, przedwczesne małżeństwo jako forma przemocy. Analizą objęte zostały instytucje publiczne lub pozarządowe zajmujące się tymi zagadnieniami. Autorka dokonała również badania programów państwowych, których programy pomagają obywatelom w zaangażowaniu i rozwoju, upodmiotowieniu kobiet i kobiet wiejskich oraz dobrobytu gospodarczego. Ponadto zbadano gruzińskie ustawodawstwo, a także budżetowanie i programy pod kątem płci. Dane uzyskane z badań dają nam podstawę do wyciągnięcia następujących wniosków: 1) pomimo pozytywnych ogólnych ram prawnych Gruzja nie wywiązuje się w praktyce ze swoich międzynarodowych zobowiązań dotyczących przestrzegania zasad równych praw kobiet i równości płci; 2) system kwot i mechanizmy ulegają w Gruzji stopniowemu polepszeniu; 3) Gruzji wciąż brakuje instytucji świadczących usługi dla ofiar przemocy; 4) nie ma solidnych mechanizmów koordynacyjnych między instytucjami państwa a samorządami lokalnymi; 5) urzędnicy publiczni muszą zdobyć dodatkową wiedzę i doświadczenie w zakresie wrażliwości płci, budżetowania i planowania programów.

EN

Scientific research confirms that equal opportunities for girls and boys is one of the most important determinants of development, which has a positive impact on the country’s progress in all vital areas, the country’s economy, politics and social life. The paper “Gender equality policy in Georgia and challenges” combines a mixed study to explore important aspects of gender equality principles in Georgia a variety of areas, including women’s political involvement, quotas and mechanisms during elections, domestic violence and violence against women. Prevention, premature marriage as a form of violence. Public or non-governmental institutions working on these issues, research of state programs, which programs help citizens in involvement and development, empowerment of women and rural women, and economic prosperity. Georgian legislation, as well as gender budgeting and programs were studied. The data obtained from the studies give us a basis to draw the following conclusions: Despite the positive general legal framework, Georgia fails to meet its international commitments in practice to uphold the principles of equal rights for women and gender equality. Quotas system and mechanisms have been improved in Georgia again. Georgia still lacks shelters and services for victims of violence. There are no solid coordination mechanisms between the state agency and local self-governments. Public servants need to acquire additional knowledge and experience on gender sensitivity, budgeting and program planning.

6

ПРОБЛЕМА МІЖОСОБИСТІСНИХ ВЗАЄМИН В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ДРАМАТУРГІЇ 1920–1930-х рр.

62%

Суховєєнко К.

Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia

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2019

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vol. 7

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issue 2

177-182

EN

The article deals with the analysis of the problem of the interpersonal relations in Ukrainian drama of 1920–1930-ies. The particular attention has been paid to two main aspects - the struggle of the generations in the family and the relationships between a man and a woman. The problem has been analyzed in the context of the social and political events at that time.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest analizie relacji interpersonalnych w ukraińskiej dramaturgii w latach 1920–1930. Zwrócono uwagę na dwa aspekty - walkę pokoleń w rodzinie i związek między mężczyzną a kobietą. Powyższe kwestie przeanalizowano w kontekście procesów społecznych i politycznych owego okresu.

7

Ґендерні студії у системі (не)формальної освіти під час гібридної війни проти України

51%

Malynovska N.

Facta Simonidis

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2020

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issue 13

275-292

EN

In recent years, Ukraine has intensified discussion on gender policy. One of the components was the integration of gender studies into the education system. The article proposes an analysis of gender studies in higher education and non-governmental organizations, assessment of their involvement in the legislative sphere and cooperation with authorities, contribution to the training of gender specialists. Ukrainian NGOs, which aimed at supporting gender policy, have formed a powerful public lobby. These processes are vigorously discussed in the media field and become a tool in terms of hybrid war against Ukraine.

UK

В останні роки в Україні активізувалася дискусія довкола ґендерної політики. Однією зі складових стала інтеграція ґендерних студій у систему освіти. В статті пропонується аналіз ґендерних студій у середовищі вищої освіти і недержавних громадських організацій, оцінка їхньої задіяності в законодавчу сферу та співпрацю з органами влади, внесок у підготовку фахівців з ґендерних студій. Українські НДО, спрямовані на підтримку ґендерної політики, сформували потужне громадське лобі. Ці процеси бурхливо обговорюються в інформаційному полі і стають інструментом в умовах гібридної війни проти України.

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2 Reality of Politics

1 Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

1 Facta Simonidis

1 Journal of Geography, Politics and Society

1 Przegląd Politologiczny

1 Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia

1 Darbaidze E.

1 Kolesnyk V.

1 Letodiani T.

1 Malynovska N.

1 Nazarkov V.

1 Niparishvili T.

1 Tatarenko G.

1 Zabrovskaia L.

1 Суховєєнко К.

1 2023

2 2021

2 2020

1 2019