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The village in Polesie: Transformations of the 1930s in the view of Józef ObrębskiThe article deals with political and social themes of Józef Obrębski's texts, which were written in the second half of the 1930s and were devoted to Polesie. Obrębski made his ethnosociological research in 1934-1937. It was the last phase of the great depression. Obrębski noted changes in political consciousness of inhabitants of the Polesie village. He described the consequences of the implementation of Polish-language education. He perceived the role and nature of communist influence. He wrote very critically about the attitude and role of local administration representatives. He did not limit himself to listing these problems. Instead, he tried to formulate proposals for activities that would have changed the attitude of inhabitants of Polesie voievodship towards the Polish State. Wieś poleska doby przemian lat trzydziestych XX wieku w ujęciu Józefa ObrębskiegoArtykuł jest poświęcony polityczno-społecznym wątkom tekstów Józefa Obrębskiego, które powstały w drugiej połowie lat trzydziestych i odnoszą się do Polesia. Obrębski prowadził swoje badania etnosocjologiczne w latach 1934-1937. Była to ostatnia faza wielkiego kryzysu. Odnotował przemiany świadomości politycznej mieszkańców poleskiej wsi. Opisywał konsekwencje implementacji polskojęzycznej oświaty. Dostrzegał rolę i charakter wpływów komunistycznych. Bardzo krytycznie wypowiadał się o postawie i roli przedstawicieli lokalnej administracji. Nie ograniczał się do rejestracji tych zjawisk. Próbował formułować propozycje działań, które zmieniłyby stosunek ludności Polesia do państwa polskiego.
EN
The author analyses personal ads, including offers of marriage, published in Fortuna Versal during the Great Depression. The magazine proves to be a particular source of knowledge about average people whose everyday life changed dramatically in that period and who sometimes made desperate attempts to improve their situation. Not much is known about Fortuna Versal itself. According to its editorial note, it was published in Poland, the United States and France, and was distributed by bookshops, newsstands, etc. It published personal ads of both men and women. This article focuses on the former who, as it turns out, were often interested in finding not so much love but a solution to their economic and housing problems. The content of these short texts was dictated by the intentions and needs of their authors, reflecting their male self-image. It was influenced by the economic recession that also affected Poles, causing unemployment and radical decline in quality of life. Analysing the content and phrasing used, the article emphasises the unique character of the ads. They are a true product of their economic and financial times, where romanticism gives way to pragmatism, cold calculation and a strong need to improve one’s standard of living. Men adopt a practical approach towards themselves, their potential partner/spouse and living together. Those interested in marriage, or rather benefits related to it, employ a number of strategies. Most of them are direct, clearly stating that they need cash to start a business, buy a car or pay for a trip to Africa. Some men resort to writing sentimental and heart-breaking stories from their lives, hoping to find a well-off woman who could give them financial stability. However, those that look like typical ‘buy and sell’ ads seem to prevail.
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