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1

ELŻBIETA AUSTRIACZKA – KRÓLOWA POLSKA I WIELKA KSIĘŻNA LITEWSKA (1526–1545).

100%

Jedrzejewski P.

Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne

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2015

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vol. 1

107-127

PL

June 15th 2015 is the 470th anniversary of Elizabeth of Austria’s death. The story of the first wife of Sigismund August the Second is rather uncharted. There is neither her biography nor even an article considering her lot. Short life of the Queen of Poland and the Grand Duchess of Lithuania was very tragic and the queen herself was a victim of the dynastic plans of the Jagiellons and the Habsburgs as well as their international politics (considering the matter of Kingdom of Prussia or the reign of Jan Zapolya in Transylvania). All her life was she prepared to be the queen of Poland, however she found neither love nor even respect there. Due to brevity of her reign and “old queen” Bona Sforza’s dislike, she did not play any signicant political role, although the Habsburgs wanted her to be the main proponent of their interests on the Polish court. Her premature death and the conict with the powerful mother-in-law became a very popular theme in Polish literature, art and cinematography.

2

Anna Maria Cienciała (1929–2014) jako historyk dyplomacji

86%

Kornat M.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2016

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vol. 48

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issue 4

PL

The article discusses Anna Maria Cienciała (d. 2014), professor at the universities of Montreal and Kansas City, an outstanding Polish historian working in the USA, and without doubt one of the prominent historians of twentieth–century diplomacy. First and foremost, Professor Cienciała was the author of the fundamental monograph: Poland and the Western Powers 1938–1939 (1968), which she gave the subtitle: Study in the Interdependence of Eastern and Western Europe. She was also the editor of the reminiscences of Józef Beck about his mission in 1932–1939, and published several score valuable articles and studies about international politics in the first half of the twentieth century. For many years Professor Cienciała studied Polish inter–war foreign policy and indubitably created its highly convincing interpretation. In doing so she defended the validity of the balance policy and was of the opinion that the Polish–German agreement of 26 January 1934 served the interests of Poland. Furthermore, she maintained that the “collective security” mission was an illusion and supported the correctness of the decision made by Minister Józef Beck regarding the ultimatum addressed to Czechoslovakia on 30 September 1938. Rightly opposing the views of Western historians proclaiming the need for Polish–Soviet cooperation, Professor Cienciała declared that in 1939 there were no real chances for the inclusion of the Soviet Union into an anti–German coalition. She arrived at important findings while interpreting British policy as based on a thesis assuming the existence of special spheres of British interests on the Continent (the Mediterranean Sea basin and the frontier along the Rhine). Professor Cienciała perceived Polish policies in 1939 as devoid of a political alternative: the acceptance of German territorial demands resulted in the status of a vassal of the Great Reich and obtaining Soviet aid was impossible. Polish diplomacy was also incapable of gaining the immediate active assistance of the Western Powers in a defensive war against Germany.

3

In das Palais am Ballplatze zieht ein neuer Herr ein – reakcje prasy na nominację Agenora Gołuchowskiego młodszego

81%

Strzelczyk A.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

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2020

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vol. 27

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issue 1

205-220

EN

This article deals with the resonance of the press to the nomination of Agenor Gołuchowski Junior for the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs of Austria-Hungary. This nomination was commented on, not only in the press of the Habsburg monarchy and the Polish-language press of the three partitions, but also in newspapers issued in other countries, even as remote as the islands of New Zealand. The article reviews the press releases and compares the published opinions and selection of facts. The source material, although of the same nature, is diverse - from extensive political analyses in the Viennese press to laconic references in New York or New Zealand newspapers.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy oddźwięku, jaki w prasie wywołała nominacja na stanowisko ministra spraw zagranicznych Austro-Węgier Agenora Gołuchowskiego młodszego. Nominacja ta komentowana była zarówno w prasie monarchii habsburskiej i nie tylko w polskojęzycznej prasie trzech zaborów, ale również w gazetach wychodzących w innych państwach, aż do odległych wysp Nowej Zelandii. W artykule zostaje dokonany przegląd wypowiedzi prasowych, a także porównanie zamieszczanych opinii i doboru faktów. Materiał źródłowy, chociaż jednakowej natury, jest różnorodny - od obszernych analiz politycznych, zamieszczonych w prasie wiedeńskiej, aż po lakoniczne wzmianki w gazetach nowojorskich czy nowozelandzkich.

4

Skład, kwalifikacje i liczebność poselstw uczestniczących w kongresie westfalskim

72%

Kamieński A.

Roczniki Historyczne

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2019

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vol. 85

PL

W kongresie westfalskim (1643-1648) wzięły udział 194 oficjalne przedstawiciel-stwa dyplomatyczne, z czego 178 pochodziło z Rzeszy Niemieckiej, a pozostałe z 16 innych państw europejskich. Uczestnicy rokowań pokojowych odznaczali się wysokim profesjonali-zmem i posiadali często wykształcenie prawnicze (nawet doktoraty i profesury). Największe doświadczenie w prowadzeniu negocjacji mieli reprezentanci państw europejskich, wśród których można było spotkać osoby zatrudnione w służbie dyplomatycznej od ponad 20 lat.

EN

There were 194 official delegations participating in the Congress of Westphalia (1643-1648), 178 of which came from the German Reich, while the remaining 16 from other European states. The participants of the peace negotiations were highly professional and often were well educated lawyers (even doctors and professors of law). The most experienced negotiators were the representatives of European states, among whom there were persons who had been employed in diplomatic service for more than 20 years.

5

Klio czuje. Refleksje nad historią międzynarodową na przykładzie problemu emocji

58%

Damski P. P.

Historyka Studia Metodologiczne

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2022

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vol. 52

409-434

EN

The article presents the issue of researching emotions in international history. It has been noticed that the development of the research on emotions within other sub‑disciplines of history, humanities, social sciences and neuroscience, provides an international historian with many outcomes enabling further research opportunities. At the same time, it was indicated that the tools traditionally used by historians (i.e., internal and external critique of the sources, and the intuitive approach) may be useful in conducting such research. A historian who decides to deal with the problem of emotions, is, however, forced to pay special attention to the context in which the people whose lives he examines functioned. Therefore, the research on emotions, also in the international context, requires greater awareness of the achievements of other academic disciplines from the historian. This task is difficult and perhaps demands from the historian that they be more sensitive and intuitive than in case of other studies. Nevertheless, by approaching the issue of emotions, international historians have a chance to obtain a more credible image of the past.

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1 Jedrzejewski P.

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ELŻBIETA AUSTRIACZKA – KRÓLOWA POLSKA I WIELKA KSIĘŻNA LITEWSKA (1526–1545).

Anna Maria Cienciała (1929–2014) jako historyk dyplomacji

In das Palais am Ballplatze zieht ein neuer Herr ein – reakcje prasy na nominację Agenora Gołuchowskiego młodszego

Skład, kwalifikacje i liczebność poselstw uczestniczących w kongresie westfalskim

Klio czuje. Refleksje nad historią międzynarodową na przykładzie problemu emocji