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EN
The author draws attention to the low-profile phenomenon of disassembly of equilibrium mechanisms. Although it has accompanied the progress of civilization since the beginning of humanity and intensified in the Anthropocene era, it has become particularly visible and dangerous since the mid-twentieth century. More and more people tinker with homeostasis of nature and social systems with the help of increasingly better tools and technologies and spoil it in proportion to its possibilities and rapidly growing consumer needs. They do it unnecessarily on such a large scale, foolishly and irresponsibly. They do not care that future generations are increasingly reducing their chances of survival. In individual parts of the article, homeostasis is discussed and its importance for the existence and development of natural and social systems, and the dismantling of homeostasis mechanisms in the geobiosphere, sociosphere and economy. In conclusion, the author shows the dilemma faced today by humanity: whether to follow the path delineated by the calculating reason controlled by the ideology of consumerism and uncontrollable economic growth, and further weaken homeostasis, which threatens with extermination, or try to stop it for the benefit of future generations and for prolonging life humanity. The decision must be made by the present and next generation, because in a dozen or so years it may be too late.
EN
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between styles of sense of humour and parental attitude. The study sample consisted of adults who are parents, mostly women (59 vs 14 men). Because the study was exploratory in nature, a statistical significance level of α < .10 was adopted and tentatively demonstrated the existence of partial relationships between the constructs analyzed. Level of self-deprecating humour correlates with intensity of demanding attitude (rho = .249, p = .035) and intensity of demanding attitude (rho = .241, p = .042). In contrast, the level of aggressive humor correlates negatively with accepting attitude (rho = –.273, p = .012) but correlates positively with inconsistent attitude intensity (rho = .217, p = .067).
EN
The purpose of this article is to introduce organizational application of allostasis. This is to be used as a very convenient replacement of homeostasis which has been lost due to adverse circumstances created by a turbulent environment. This application is derived by the continuous diagnosis and observation of the chosen sample. The sample has been positioned in various organizational situations represented by FOGT’s businesses organization from 1982 to 2014. The situation is determined by a recognized level of organizational effectiveness or potential ineffectiveness caused by dysfunctions created by surroundings. In such circumstances organizational homeostasis based on stability does not exist and it has to be replaced by allostasis. When homeostasis represents the idea of achieving organizational stability through constancy, allostasis represents the idea of achieving stability through change. This article presents a brief summary of the results of the diagnosis based on qualitative, long lasted depth analysis. The author's tool “The business life cycle model of organizational effectiveness influenced by dysfunctions” is based on the research of the organizational situation. The summary interprets all outcomes of the research and expresses the sense of implemented organizational adaptation through changes as allostasis.
4
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Do Species Want to Evolve?

72%
EN
Darwinism, in all its various forms, seeks to explain evolution without the intervention of intelligence, purposefulness or in tentionality: in short, via the abolition of purpose. Yet life is arguably a profoundly purposeful phenomenon, most evident in the phenomenon of adaptation. Modern Darwinism fails because it has no coherent theory of adaptation, and hence no coherent theory of life. Without this, it cannot claim to be a coherent theory of evolution. Here, I argue that a coherent theory of evolution will arrive when the inherent purposefulness of life can be reincorporated into our evolutionary thinking. Life's fundamental property of homeostasis, coupled with the expanding conception of hereditary memory emerging from epigenetics and niche construction theory, can credibly restore purpose to our thinking about evolution. The evolution of lineages will no longer then be under the control of natural selection, but rather imbued with striving and intentionality: with “wanting” to evolve.
EN
The article describes the principles of cultural conformity, environmentalism and homeostasis as organizational in relation to the cultural and educational space of the university as a complex social system. On the basis of the analysis of the systemic changes that accompanied the newest stage in the development of universities in Eastern Europe (from the mid 1980s up to now) a periodization of this stage was completed. Each of the stages is characterized by a description of the above-mentioned organizational principles of work, the transformations of key characteristics of social governance and the overall logic of their development. The forecast of transformational changes for the nearest future in the context of social aspects of the development management of universities in Eastern Europe is made.
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Everyone has Their own Socrates

58%
PL
Prawo to konstrukcja społeczna. Koncentruje się na regulacji stosunków społecznych. Interpretację przepisów prawnych stale dostosowuje się do kontekstu społecznego. Z drugiej strony prawo silnie wpływa na rozwój społeczeństwa, wyznaczając przyszły kontekst społeczny. Konstytucja, w rozumieniu prawa podstawowego państwa, jest jednym z podstawowych prawnych wyznaczników przyszłego kontekstu społecznego każdego państwa. Konstytucja wpływa na kształt i treść przyjętych w przyszłości uwarunkowań prawnych oraz ich wykładnię. Regulacja stosunków społecznych wedle wytycznych określonych prawem stanowi efekt ludziego działania w celu uzyskania zabezpieczenia. Ten wysiłek może przynieść rezultat poprzez poszanowanie tego co już zostało osiągnięte, ponieważ ludzkość dotychczas nie stworzyła jeszcze niczego bardziej efektywnego. Każde państwo i wspólnota ponadnarodowa tworzą własny superparadygmat - identyczny światopogląd społeczeństwa. Jeśli chodzi o zmiany kontekstu społecznego, bez względu na jego przyczynę, logicznie rzecz biorąc, następuje zmiana superparadygmatu społecznego. Odpowiedzią na to jest Konstytucja i działalność sądów, mających uprawnienia obrońców konstytucyjności.
EN
Law is a social construction. It focuses on the regulation of social relations. The interpretation of legal rules is constantly adapting to the social context. On the other side, the law code strongly influences society’s development, determining the future social context. The Constitution, within the understanding of basic law in any country, is one of the basic legal determinants of the future social context of any country. The Constitution affects the form and the content of the future accepted legal determiners and their interpretation. The regulation of social relations by the legal code is about the human effort to achieve insurance in this uncertain world. This effort might bring the result respecting that humanity has not invented anything more effective yet. Any state and transnational community create own superparadigm - the identical worldview of the society. Regarding the changes of the social context, with no respect to its reason, there comes logically a change of social superparadigm. The Constitution responds to it as well as there are the activities of the courts, having the rights of constitutionality defenders.
EN
This paper links the claims of neuroscientist Antonio Damasio to the civilization of the Ancient Greeks. Although Damasio’s book, Looking for Spinoza: Joy, Sorrow and the Feeling Brain, makes the argument for the connection between Spinoza and neuroscience, he says that he prefers Aristotle’s model of human flourishing, but he does not describe Aristotle’s model. I explain Aristotle’s model and connect neuroscience to Aristotle and to the educational system underlying Greek mythology, Hesiod, Homer, tragedy and other aspects of Greek culture, including the role of the arts, religious rituals and the institutions of Greek democracy.
EN
Background. Regular martial art practice develops synergy between the psychophysiological self and the neurocognitive mechanism within the body. The Zen tradition of this training on mind sets helps manage stress, and improve cognition and neural control with enhanced neurotrophic signaling. Aim of the study. The present review tries to liberate the interplay between neurochemical secretions, and their relationship in respect to martial art practitioners. The interaction between two neurochemicals, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Cortisol, on the different mind sets in three martial art forms - karate, judo, and taekwondo have been highlighted in this study. Method (acquisition of evidence). PICOS strategy was adopted in a compilation of the data sources, which elaborated data extraction in relation to its Participants, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study design for the numerous literature that were surveyed. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was applied to screen, collaborate and synthesize the items for the present study. Results (evidence synthesis). Selected studies on minute and critical reviewing evidently showed that regular martial arts training could improve neurocognition and neurohormonal homeostasis, a major setback being limited research in this area. Conclusions. Data from the present findings suggest that martial arts training in regular, repetitive patterns can reduce cortisol levels and improve neurotrophic outcomes in the form of elevated secretions of BDNF. Comparative and individual inferences to prove the efficiency of martial art forms better require further research.
PL
Wprowadzenie. Regularna praktyka sztuk walki rozwija synergię pomiędzy jaźnią psychofizjologiczną a mechanizmem neurokognitywnym w organizmie. Tradycja zen tego treningu na nastawienie umysłu pomaga zarządzać stresem, poprawia poznanie i kontrolę neuronalną z wzmocnioną sygnalizacją neurotroficzną. Cel. Celem niniejszej pracy jest ukazanie wzajemnych oddziaływań pomiędzy wydzielanymi neurochemikaliami i ich relacji w odniesieniu do osób uprawiających sztuki walki. W niniejszym badaniu opisano interakcję pomiędzy dwoma neurochemikaliami, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) i kortyzolem oraz ich wpływ na różne nastawienie umysłu w trzech formach sztuki walki - karate, judo i taekwondo. Metoda. W kompilacji źródeł danych przyjęto strategię PICOS, która umożliwiła ekstrakcję danych w odniesieniu do uczestników, interwencji, porównania, wyników i projektu badawczego dla licznej literatury, która została poddana przeglądowi. W celu przesiewu współpracy i syntezy pozycji dla niniejszego badania zastosowano Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Wyniki. Wybrane badania dotyczące przeglądu czasowego (w minutach) i krytycznego wykazały, że regularny trening sztuk walki może poprawić neuropoznanie i homeostazę neurohormonalną, przy czym główną przeszkodą jest ograniczona liczba badań w tym obszarze. Wnioski. Dane z niniejszych badań sugerują, że trening sztuk walki w regularnym, powtarzalnym schemacie może obniżać poziom kortyzolu i poprawiać wyniki neurotroficzne w postaci podwyższonego wydzielania BDNF. Wnioskowanie porównawcze i indywidualne w celu lepszego udowodnienia skuteczności form sztuki walki wymaga dalszych badań.
EN
The view becoming widespread about the creative and life-giving chaos permeating the universe lets triumph for mind. Even very much regular linear associations in the end can become irregular and unordered, if we leave them to ourselves enough long. The chaos theory is highlighting, that even instead of the total randomness some order being the underlying reason can exist in chaotic systems. From the perspective antropical and anthropological hope for forming world according to aims in life grows as such, backed up with the human mind which is effort of reducing the chaos for order. It is also in practice occurring educational, because the chaotic nature is a constitutive feature of teaching situations, and not only, and can still in the large degree – of protective and education situations. Explanatory mechanism in the run of the evolution both genetic modifications, how and cognitive expansion and cultural is shown homeostatic impulse.
PL
Upowszechniający się pogląd o przenikającym wszechświat twórczym i życiodajnym chaosie pozwala tryumfować rozumowi. Nawet bardzo regularne liniowe związki w końcu mogą stać się nieregularne i nieuporządkowane, jeśli pozostawimy je samym sobie dostatecznie długo. Teoria chaosu uwypukla, że nawet w systemach bezładnych zamiast całkowitej przypadkowości może istnieć jakiś leżący u podstaw porządek. Z perspektywy antropicznej i antropologicznej rośnie nadzieja na uformowanie świata według celów życia jako takiego, wspieranego umysłem ludzkim, który jest wysiłkiem zmniejszania chaosu na rzecz porządku. Zachodzi to również w praktyce edukacyjnej, bowiem chaotyczność jest konstytutywną cechą sytuacji dydaktycznych, i nie tylko, a może jeszcze w większym stopniu – sytuacji opiekuńczych i wychowawczych. Mechanizmem wyjaśniającym w biegu ewolucji zarówno modyfikacje genetyczne, jak i ekspansję poznawczą oraz kulturową okazuje się impuls homeostatyczny.
EN
The purpose of this article is to present the summary of studies accomplished under a research project concerning the vital role of early identification of the urgent need to take decisive allostatic action for business survival. This paper provides an overview of the research on early identification of the urgent need to take decisive allostatic action for business survival. There was implemented a very specific procedure of diagnosing and positioning organizational situation represented by FOGT business during a particular period of time from 2015 to 2017. The organizational situation of researched company is determined by a recognized level of organizational effectiveness or potential ineffectiveness caused by dysfunctions. The diagnosis is based on qualitative, long lasted depth analysis of the organizational situation of the researched company by means of the author's own implement named "The Business Life Cycle Model of Organizational Effectiveness Influenced by Dysfunctions". The measuring instrument (grading system) of this model is used to introduce the outcomes of the research work. All such way collected outcomes of each individual diagnosis gives the picture of overall organizational performance of given company annually, during the whole period of the research. The outcomes are adequately visualized on an appropriate scale, making the most of the model.
EN
The paper provides an overview of the research on ensuring the survival of a business threatened with bankruptcy (in the recent past) as the primary goal of allostatic action and its implications. There was implemented a very specific procedure of diagnosing and positioning organizational situation represented by Entrepreneur FOGT’s business during a particular period of time from 2014 to 2018. This research procedure is focused on year 2018, but years from 2014 to 2017 provide the necessary background for the whole study. The organizational situation of researched business is determined by a recognized level of organizational effectiveness or potential ineffectiveness caused by dysfunctions. The diagnosis is based on qualitative, long lasted depth analysis of the organizational situation of the researched company by means of the author’s own implement named „The Business Life Cycle Model of Organizational Effectiveness Influenced by Dysfunctions”. The measuring instrument (grading system) of this model is used to introduce the outcomes of the research work. All such way collected outcomes of each individual diagnosis gives the picture of overall organizational performance of given company annually, during the whole period of the research. The outcomes are adequately visualized on an appropriate scale, making the most of the model.
PL
Artykuł zawiera przegląd badań nad zapewnieniem przetrwania firmy zagrożonej bankructwem jako głównego celu działania allostatycznego. W toku badań prowadzono bardzo specyficzną procedurę diagnozowania i pozycjonowania sytuacji organizacyjnej reprezentowanej przez firmę FOGT w okresie od 2014 do 2018 roku. Przedmiotowa procedura badawcza koncentruje się w szczególności na roku 2018, jednak zaprezentowane wyniki badań obejmujące lata 2014–2017 stanowią niezbędne tło dla podkreślenia empirycznych walorów całego badania. Sytuacja organizacyjna badanego biznesu jest zdeterminowana przez osiągany (zdiagnozowany) poziom skuteczności organizacyjnej lub potencjalną nieskuteczność spowodowaną dysfunkcjami. Diagnoza opiera się na jakościowej, długotrwałej, dogłębnej analizie sytuacji organizacyjnej badanej firmy za pomocą autorskiego narzędzia o nazwie „Model sprawnościowo-dysfunkcyjnego cyklu życia organizacji”. Przyrząd pomiarowy (system oceny) tego modelu jest wykorzystywany do wprowadzania wyników realizowanych prac badawczych. Tak zebrane wyniki każdej indywidualnej diagnozy dają obraz ogólnego poziomu sprawności organizacyjnej danej firmy rocznie, przez cały okres badań. Wyniki te są wizualizowane na odpowiedniej skali, co pozwala w pełni wykorzystać możliwości diagnostyczne model.
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