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EN
The hospitality, according to Derrida's thought, is a "to-come" of friend- ship and will be a "to-come" the host. Naturally, the friendship can determine the hospitality, making it stronger and more effective. Indeed, Derrida over- come the aporias of hospitality through the concept of teleia philia (friend- ship perfection), which is derived from the Aristotelian thought, how can one describe the thinking of the philosopher: "the presence of friends, however, seem to have a mixed nature . See friends is affable greatly when it passes a miserable time, ... ". Hospitality is a "relationship of otherness", which has nothing to do with indifference. A friendship forms the hospitality, as the antithesis of hospitality is the "kenosis" of the Other, as a desire for destruction, a certain "momentum fanatic", which undermines the hospitality.
EN
The main aim of the article is to identify the main burdens of doing business perceived by Slovak family owned hospitality businesses as well as to assess their view on the prospects for family businesses in Slovakia. The article analyzes primary data gained from an opinion survey conducted by means of a questionnaire in 2013. The business environment perception is evaluated according to the perception of certain external business environment indicators (conditions of doing business) depicted on the basis of the results of the pilot survey conducted in 2009 and the research carried out in 2010/2011. The results allowed us to identify the most discussed topics and burdens of doing business in tourism and hospitality in Slovakia.
The Biblical Annals
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2023
|
vol. 13
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issue 4
519-545
EN
Hospitality is a widespread practice in the ancient Near East, also regulated by written legislation. Biblical legislation protects the orphan, the widow and the foreigner; but there is also an opposite tendency of not being able to accept the presence of pagan populations in the land of the fathers. The protocol of hospitality is a practice in the biblical world which never reached the form of written legislation, and which is presented as a set of literary motifs disseminated in numerous texts, without configuring a true and proper literary genre. The stories of Gen 19:1–29 and of Judg 19:11–30 are influenced by the dialectic between the two tendencies of the biblical world; what emerges from their comparison is the warning that the violation of the protocol of hospitality is an indication of the unravelling of the society. A canonical reading of the two biblical stories proposes as an example the behaviour of Abraham, who practices unconditional hospitality without limits.
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EN
The paper attempts to investigate hospitality in various dimensions and contexts. The introduction includes a description of terminology in Polish and French, together with the relationship between hospitality and culture. The next part focuses on hospitality analysed from the point of view of philosophy, anthropology and sociology. The general discussion of hospitality as a wide sociocultural phenomenon serves as a basis for the presentation of constructs connected with places both private and public, architecturally specific, and inspired by religion, tradition and culture. The realistic dimension expressed in ceremonies connected with hospitality, celebrations and gift exchanges turns out to be significant. Apart from that, relations between the host and the guest, the behaviour of both, as well as binding formulas are described. Various modes of hospitality are also depicted: private and semi-public, as well as the link between hospitality and tourism.
EN
The hospitality, according to Derrida's thought, is a "to-come" of friendship and will be a "to-come" the host. Naturally, the friendship can determine the hospitality, making it stronger and more effective. Indeed, Derrida overcome the aporias of hospitality through the concept of teleia philia (friendship perfection), which is derived from the Aristotelian thought, how can one describe the thinking of the philosopher: "the presence of friends, however, seem to have a mixed nature . See friends is affable greatly when it passes a miserable time, ... ". Hospitality is a "relationship of otherness", which has nothing to do with indifference. A friendship forms the hospitality, as the antithesis of hospitality is the "kenosis" of the Other, as a desire for destruction, a certain "momentum fanatic", which undermines the hospitality.
EN
This anthropological essay provides a meditation on mass tourism while analysing the mechanisms of conflict between the needs of mass tourism and the local urban environment, extraterritorial spaces that fit into the universal heritage of humanity. Historical districts/ entertainment districts in capital cities are discussed as extraterritorial areas treated as ambivalent, bypassed, business bases. The tourists themselves constitute thoroughly ambivalent figures as tame strangers, treated simultaneously as a potential source of maximum earnings and intruders.
EN
The ancient Olympic Games were held in spaces and places consecrated for hospitality, to xénia, a Greek word that means “gifts” but also something that refers to and belongs to strangers and foreigners. Foreigners from every part of Greece met in Olympia to celebrate the agón. In this place, a stranger or a foreigner (hostis in Latin), probably a former enemy, became a friend because he was both guest and host (hospes in Latin) in the sanctuary-town, which belonged to the gods and to all of the Greeks, who recognized themselves in its spirit. This mechanism of hospitality formed the basis of the Olympic peace system and was the fundamental prerequisite for the celebration of agón. The practice of the agón was therefore made possible by a “gift” but also by “for-giveness” that allowed people to meet and compete. We can conclude that at the base of the Olympic (and Greek) ethics there was the concept of hospitality. Olympia was then the common home of all Greeks, the place where ethics were carried out, were put into practice, and concretely exercised. It is not a pure coincidence that the Greek word “ethics” is linked to the word éthos, which means “house”, “home”. For this reason, ethics can be thought as the art of hosting somebody in our own home and trusting him/her, just as it happened in ancient Olympia during the Olympic Games, which demonstrated that ethics was always a home’s ethics. Therefore, taking into account this cultural and philosophical framework, this study will develop a methodological approach, derived from deconstructionism, which will be applied to concepts that are both ambiguous and semantically rich in meaning, such as “gift”, “forgiveness”, xénos, hostis, and hospes. The first objective of this study is to reflect upon the connection between “gift” and “sport” and show the deep interconnection between the two concepts. The second is to use the model of Greek hospitality at the Olympic Games to deeply rethink sport and contemporary philosophy of sport education in terms of peace and multiculturalism.
EN
The subject of the article is the analysis of the notion of communality in the relation between the two protagonists of The Road by Cormac McCarthy. Traversing the post-apocalyptic landscape populated mostly by wretched savages harbouring ill intent towards other human beings, the heroes ostensibly seek a place where establishing a sustainable society composed of the “good guys” can still be possible. However, while for the young son this goal implies the necessity of maintaining a sense of openness and hospitality towards the other, for the father it is the matter of day-to-day survival that takes precedence, which leads to repeated instances of withdrawing help from destitute survivors and avoiding human contact. The boy objects to this behavior, despite being wholly dependent on his father, as his sense of responsibility seems innate and unconditional. The man, on the other hand, gradually recognizes that he was so profoundly afflicted by the experience of losing his world that he cannot overcome his radical pessimism and distrust of the other. Therefore, when the man arrives at the end of his life, he comes to understand that it is only without him at his side that the son can enter a larger community.
PL
A vital factor governing early modern diplomatic relations was the practice of hospitality. To assure that the embassy began amicably, ambassadors had to be received with generosity. The nature and extent of diplomatic hospitality differed according to the host state, but it often included the offer of housing and victuals. This critical edition of a primary source aims to shed new light on the characteristics of diplomatic hospitality by carefully examining a list of expenses drafted by the Venetian office of the Rason Vecchie. This archival document provides a detailed account of all the food that was supplied to host a Muscovite delegation that visited Venice in 1582. In the first place, the article unravels the qualities and dynamics of Venetian food gifts by contextualising and comparing the source with additional Venetian records. Furthermore, it argues that the type of foodstuffs offered, the amount of money spent on them, and the splendour of festive banquets all communicated strong symbolic and political messages. By focusing the analysis on lists of expenses, the relevance of these documents for the study of diplomatic practices is illustrated. Overviews of financial transactions might seem static and dry accounts at first sight, however, when analysed closely, they reveal a great deal about the day-to-day operation of early modern diplomacy.
EN
I examine racial and ethnic dynamics in encounters between Tanzanian church personnel, and visiting American partners or short-term missionaries. Contemporary mission work in Tanzania is situated within a historical context that includes, but is not ultimately determined by, race or ethnicity. Several kinds of engagements and partnerships exist between American religious organisations and the Tanzanian church, which I describe ethnographically, and discuss how encounters between Tanzanian Christians and American visitors become ethnically inflected. Two cases-encounters with Maasai and Chagga people respectively-provide a comparative illustration. Finally, I address the role played by new types of partnership between Tanzanian and American religious organisations, and how themes of hospitality and identities as guests and hosts contribute to encounters between American and Tanzanian Christians. In these encounters, multiple areas of shifting meanings of race come together, resulting in disjunctures of understanding. I suggest that these disjunctures, coupled with the guest-host dynamic and the lack of in-depth knowledge characteristic of short-term mission in general, reveal patterns of social inequality and tensions inherent in the changing context of Christian mission.
EN
Refugee crisis is a major challenge for the whole of Europe the humanitarian, social and political. It affects individual societies both in a direct way, when growth in the number of visitors exceeds the adaptability, and indirectly, through its multidimensional social consequences. In Poland, the refugee crisis can defined as the phantom. Despite the trace number of refugees and the slight number of immigrants, the problem and the way the debate over it cause very significant social repercussions. These repercussions manifest themselves in changes in attitudes with respect to refugees or a more widely-foreign, clearly materialised in the research.
EN
The paper tries to assess the actions of European and Polish hospitality business in the times of economic slowdown. The article bases on the discussion referrig to the economic conditions of hospitality business during the recession caused by the crisis on the American subprime market and European debt crisis. The aim of the work is to show tactics, methods and ways which managers of hotels used to counteract the results of economic slowdown influencing clients’ expenses and their financial decisions. Apart from discussing these techniques (co-branding, personalization, loyalty programs) the author also discussed the actions which in retrospect turned out to be wrong decisions of managers (for example lowering the prices at the expense of retrenchment on guests’ satisfaction or branding). The conclusions are an attempt of assessment of actions of European and Polish hoteliers taken at the time of recession.
EN
The purpose of the research was to learn whether pro-ecological policies are important to guests staying at hotels. It is based on a survey of 274 guests staying at 23 hotels in Poland. Research has shown that 32.1% of survey participants consider proecological issues when choosing a stay at a hotel. Close to 62% of guests believe that hotels should pursue such initiatives which are believed to yield environmental benefits, reductions in hotel operating costs, promotional effects, and a positive impact on a hotel's image. More than 35% of guests would be willing to pay more for a stay at a hotel that pursues environmentally-friendly policies. It is important to emphasize that pro-ecological activity is not used in hotel rankings in Poland.
EN
Considering the educational value of the category of „hospitality”, I made attempts to a critical reflection on this issue in recent Polish literature for the young audience. The analysis has been subjected the prose in which the issue of hospitality takes on different meanings. First of all is mentioned of hospitality in dimension of culinary and sociosociable, in the sense of kind treat the „food and drink” (the most common understanding of hospitality, when care of the our neighbor is expressed through common eating the prepared food). Secondly is mentioned of hospitality in dimension of family, in the sense of hosting adult children. In this dimension I drew attention to first difficult relationship with the adopted child, when parents start by hosting it, to create a common nest. There is also one more understanding of hospitality, very timely in the current socio-political situation, the intensifying law concerning ethnic and religious minorities in Western Europe, the understanding of hospitality in aspect of cultural, the hospitality to the „other” – culturally different.
EN
The Russian concept of čest’, originally associated with remuneration for services to one’s feudal lord, used to contrast with the spiritual understanding of slava. With time, differences between the two concepts became obliterated: in Classicism they functioned as synonyms, in the Enlightenment čest’ was associated with the era in decline.With these differences in mind, the author analyzes the Teshen archive, asks how Russian peasants protect their “čest’”, and where they see it lacking. It is observed that the notion of čest’ is captured in a series of rules that constitute a peculiar unwritten code. In the context of interacting with guests, čest’ is connected with a certain order of inviting and receiving them, the giving of gift, entertaining and seating one’s guests behind the table. Proverbs also reveal a clear link between čest’ and volya (will) as another important concept of traditional Russian culture (cf. Gostyu čest’, koli volya est’ ‘Respect to the guest, if there’s a will’).Čest’ is actualized during each ceremonial reception: it involves material aspects, such as an honorable place behind the table or special food, as well as aspects of behaviour, such as inviting and welcoming the guests, respect towards them and the appropriate course of events during a ceremonial meal. The hosts demonstrate their generosity and kindness. The guests should accepts the gifts offered in order to show čest’ to their gift-givers.
PL
Pojęcie ros. čest’, łączone początkowo w języku rosyjskim z materialnym wynagrodzeniem za usługi okazane suwerenowi, pozostawało w kontraście ze sławą jako wartością wyłącznie duchową. Z czasem różnice między nimi zacierały się: w epoce klasycyzmu pojęcia te były synonimami, w dobie Oświecenia čest’ kojarzono z odchodzącą epoką.Mając na uwadze te różnice, autorka analizuje materiały Tieszeniowskiego archiwum i stawia pytania o to, jak chłopi chronią swoją cześć, a w czym upatrują brak czci. Zauważa, że koncept czci zawiera się w szeregu prawideł, które tworzą swego rodzaju niepisany kodeks. W kontekście przyjmowania gości čest’ jest łączona z określonym porządkiem zapraszania, przyjmowania, gościńcem, ugaszczaniem, a także usadzaniem za stołem. W przysłowiach ujawnia się także wyraźny związek konceptu czci z pojęciem WOLI jako innym ważnym pojęciem rosyjskiej tradycyjnej kultury (por. Gostju čest’, koli volja est’).Pojęcie czci aktualizuje się podczas każdej uroczystości, łączy się z materialnymi przedmiotami (poczesne miejsce, specjalne potrawy), uczestnikami (gośćmi) i niematerialnymi (zapraszanie, spotkanie, szacunek, prawidłowy przebieg uczty). Gospodarz demonstruje szczodrość i życzliwość. Gość powinien przyjąć dary, tym samym okazując cześć gospodarzowi darczyńcy.
RU
There is no abstract available for this language
EN
We read The Odyssey as a lesson in “goodwill”. This is an indispensable concept, because it allows us to overcome the limitations resulting from the assumptions made by Carl Schmitt when he made the distinction between friends and ene-mies the original experience of the world. The “Greekness” of the attitude of goodwill, whose deficit has painfully affected us in Europe, consists in a reli-giousness transformed by the lesson of enlightenment, which in a secular world means the conviction that wisdom and the ability to survive, often granted to Homer’s protagonists by gods who are in conflict, may now be given to us through those who come to us from a world which is not ours. Since it is an alien that allows us to find out what we are like, it is worth cultivating the tradition of “hospitality”, which Derrida gives a new dimension seen from the point of view of contemporary migratory movements.
Wieki Stare i Nowe
|
2021
|
vol. 16
|
issue 21
124-132
EN
This article examines the phenomenon of hospitality from a historical perspective. The author’s aim is to show that the tradition of hospitality in the Central European region has deep historical roots, and that it is also strongly linked to various socio-political and economic processes that took place in different historical epochs.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy zjawiska gościnności rozpatrywanego w perspektywie historycznej. Rozważania pokazują, że tradycja gościnności w Europie Środkowej jest głęboko historycznie zakorzeniona i mocno związana z rozmaitymi procesami społeczno-politycznymi i gospodarczymi, które zachodziły w różnych epokach.
Turyzm
|
2013
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vol. 23
|
issue 2
43-47
EN
The paper concerns folk tourism – describes the mutual relations between folk culture and tourism and the main mechanisms of the commercialization of cultural heritage. Moreover it locates folk culture resources in tourism space and includes hospitality.
EN
The article deals with the concept of “new materialism“ and tries to explain “how discourses come to matter” and “how matter comes to discourses” [Barad 2003, 2007]. Borders and border regions are particularly revealing places for social research, especially in the present era of growing globalization, growth of the EU and mass immigration. Two opposite, reciprocal processes are open for investigation on the European territory: disappearance and strengthening of borders. Analyses of the Derridian concept of “unconditional hospitality” and the new materialism discourse will provide a possibility to describe identity deconstruction. Jacques Derrida analyzed the limits of the contemporary socialpolitical concepts that have challenged European existence in the recent years. His political philosophy concentrates on what happens when people, excluded from any system of politics or law, present themselves and ask for refuge or justice. After the long years of “deterritorialization”, today we observe such tendency as the process of re-territorialization. The author examines the public European discourse on religion, civilization and race belonging as a mark of European identity deconstruction.
EN
The purpose of the article is to establish the relationship between the market of hotel services and the development of the Lviv agglomeration. The study is based on questionnaire data, statistical analysis and logical reasoning. The author analysed 92 hotels operating in Lviv. Reports and studies of tourist flows and hospitality were conducted by the Tourism Department of Lviv City Council, and the Main Statistical Office in Lviv region. The main objectives of the study included evaluating the Lviv agglomeration in terms of attractiveness for living and doing business in comparison to other regions of Ukraine; identifying changes in the development of urban infrastructure of the Lviv agglomeration and their impact on the development of tourism and hospitality; characterising the hotel services market; identifying current trends in how the Lviv agglomeration is exploiting its current potential in the hospitality. As a result of the analysis, the author presents 1) modern features of the development of the hotel industry in Lviv; 2) an underlying inconsistency of the processes taking place in the Lviv metropolitan area, which is a complex system of relations in the urban space and, at the same time, a factor that determines the important role of hospitality establishments; 3) positive and negative aspects of the impact of the agglomeration on the hotel industry.
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