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Funkcjonowanie pojęć „nieludzkie”, „zwierzęce”, „zezwierzęcone” na przykładzie potocznego ich rozumienia

100%
Niećko-Bukowska B.
Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies
|
2020
|
issue 6
287-299
RU
По мнению Яна Вавжиняка, отношение человека к другим личностям, не являющимся людьми (non-human persons) характеризуется этологической ложью. В отношениях к личностям, не являющимся людьми, человек проявляет видовой шовинизм (species chauvinism). На основании опроса, касающегося способов разговорного понимания «бесчеловечного», «скотского», «звероподобного» поведения, можно описать функционирование этих понятий среди среднестатистических пользователей польского языка. В статье представлены результаты этих исследований. В опросе участвовали 50 человек, студентов и студенток бакалавриата по специальности филология. Исследования были проведены с использованием теста на причинно-следственные связи (because-test) и свободных ассоциаций.
EN
In the opinion of Jan Wawrzyniak, the attitude of humans towards other non-human persons is characterised by ethological falsehood. In relations with other creatures humans show species-oriented chauvinism. On the basis of a survey study concerning the colloquial understanding of the symptoms of “inhuman”, “bestial” or “animalistic” behaviour we may describe the functioning of these notions among average users of the Polish language. The paper aims at presenting the results of the survey concerning the colloquial functioning of the notions: inhuman, bestial and animalistic. Fifty people, students of the first-degree university course in Philology took part in the research, with the use of the because-test and free association method.
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Comments on the approach to human dignity in case law

80%
Hofmannová H.
The Lawyer Quarterly
|
2018
|
vol. 8
|
issue 3
284-294
EN
The article ‘Comments on the approach to human dignity in case law’ deals with some approaches to the interpretation of human dignity by international and constitutional courts including Czech Constitutional Court. It is the wide-ranging and extensive use of human dignity that certainly is a success of the post-war concept of human dignity as a basis for the protection of rights. On the other hand, the universal applicability of human dignity and it being ambivalently used is criticised for leading to vagueness and relativisation of the basic concept of dignity. However, given that the post-war conception is based on human dignity being the grounds for the human rights granted to all people, the universality of human dignity and its extensive use are the typical attributes thereof. The article describes fields of judicial interpretation of human dignity expressing diverse worlds of constitutional values.
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