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When “soul” is lost in translation: Metaphorical conceptions of “soul” in Dostoyevsky's original “Братья Карамазовы” (“The Brothers Karamazov”) and its translations into Polish, Croatian and English

100%

Ostanina-Olszewska J., Despot K. S.

Cognitive Studies

2017

issue 17

When soul is lost in translation: Metaphorical conceptions of soul in Dostoyevsky’s original Братья Карамазовы (The Brothers Karamazov) and its translations into Polish, Croatian and EnglishGiven that our understanding of such an abstract concept as soul is almost purely metaphorical, this paper provides a comparative cross-linguistic analysis of the system of metaphorical conceptions of soul in Dostoyevsky’s original Братья Карамазовы (The Brothers Karamazov) and its Polish, Croatian and English translations. Special attention is paid to those metaphors that are translated differently between the various translations, either in conceptual or linguistic terms.This paper adheres to the cognitive-linguistic approach to Mind (Reddy, 1979; Sweetser, 1990; G. Lakoff & Johnson, 1999). Consistent with conceptual metaphor theory in general (G. Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; G. Lakoff, 1987; Grady, 1997; Kövecses, 2000; G. Lakoff, 2009; etc.), this paper’s theoretical and methodological approach is based on Sweetser’s (1990) analysis of the system of metaphors for knowledge, on G. Lakoff and Johnson’s (1999) systematic analysis of the metaphorical conceptions of Mind and Soul, and on Štrkalj Despot, Skrynnikova and Ostanina Olszewska’s (2014) comparative analysis of the metaphorical conceptions of ДУША/DUSZA/DUŠA (‘soul’) in Russian, Polish, and Croatian.The metaphors for soul were examined in a parallel corpus that consists of Dostoyevsky’s original Братья Карамазовы (The Brothers Karamazov) and its Polish, Croatian and English translations. Linguistic metaphors were detected using the MIPVU procedure (Steen et al., 2010).The main questions that this paper ains to answer are: Which metaphors for conceptualizing soul are shared by all the languages in question? Which metaphors are translated differently and why? If metaphors are translated differently, is the difference conceptual, cultural or linguistic? Does the type of metaphor (primary, complex) have any influence on the decision to translate the source language (SL) metaphor into a different one in the target language (TL)? What cultural differences are revealed through the analysis of the way metaphors have been translated to other Slavic and one non-Slavic language? Pojęcie duszy zagubione w tłumaczeniu: Metaforyczne ujęcie duszy w oryginale powieści Братья Карамазовы (Bracia Karamazow) Fiodora Dostojewskiego oraz w jej tłumaczeniach na język polski, chorwacki oraz angielskiRozumienie tak abstrakcyjnych pojęć, jak dusza jest w pełni metaforyczne. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera porównawczą, przekrojową analizę lingwistyczną systemu konceptualizacji pojęcia dusza w powieści Fiodora Dostojewskiego pt. Братья Карамазовы (Bracia Karamazow) oraz w jej polskim, chorwackim i angielskim tłumaczeniu. Zwrócono szczególną uwagę na te metafory, które zostały przetłumaczone inaczej w każdym wariancie tłumaczenia, pod względem pojęciowym albo językowym.W artykule zastosowano kognitywno-lingwistyczne podejście do umysłu (Reddy, 1979; Sweetser, 1990; Lakoff & Johnson, 1999), podejście teoretyczne i metodologiczne – zasadniczo spójne z teorią metafory pojęciowej (Lakoff i Johnson, 1980; Lakoff, 1987; Grady, 1997; Lakoff, 1999; Kövecses, 2000; Lakoff, 2009 i in.) – opiera się na analizie E. Sweetser (1990) dotyczącej systemu metafor wiedzy, systematycznej analizie G. Lakoffa i M. Johnsona (1999) dotyczącej metaforycznego pojmowania umysłu i duszy oraz na analizie porównawczej K. Štrkalj Despot, I. Skrynnikovej i J. Ostatniny-Olszewskiej (2014) pojęć metaforycznych ДУША/DUSZA/DUŠA (dusza) w językach rosyjskim, polskim i chorwackim.Przeanalizowano metaforyczne określenia duszy w korpusie paralelnym, w którym znalazła się powieść Fiodora Dostojewskiego pt. Братья Карамазовы (Bracia Karamazow) w oryginale oraz jej przekłady na język polski, angielski i chorwacki. Metafory językowe wskazano, korzystając z procedury MIPVU (Steen i in., 2010).Niniejsza analiza jest próbą odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: które metafory pojęcia dusza są tożsame we wszystkich analizowanych językach? Które metafory zostały przełożone w odmienny sposób i dlaczego tak się stało? Jeżeli metafory zostały przetłumaczone inaczej, czy jest to różnica pojęciowa, kulturowa czy językowa? Czy rodzaj metafory (podstawowa, złożona) wpływa na próbę przetłumaczenia metafory w języku źródłowym inną metaforą w języku docelowym? W jaki sposób metafory i rozumowanie metaforyczne w różnych językach wskazują na różnice i podobieństwa kulturowe w pojmowaniu świata?

Falares poloneses no sul do Paraná: descrição linguística e confluências com o português

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TRENNEPHOL DA COSTA L.

Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

2017

issue 20

57-66

O Estado do Paraná, localizado no sul do Brasil, recebeu milhares de imigrantes poloneses no final do século XIX e início do século XX. Esses imigrantes e seus descendentes cultivaram e mantiveram a cultura polonesa no Brasil, materializada na arquitetura, na culinária, no artesanato, nos ritos religiosos e no uso das línguas eslavas. O bilinguismo foi intenso na região e ainda hoje se faz presente, sendo que a língua eslava muitas vezes ainda é a primeira língua destes descendentes. Neste texto, apresentaremos dois eixos de pesquisas linguísticas desenvolvidas por pesquisadores da UNICENTRO vinculados ao Núcleo de Estudos Eslavos – NEES. Por um lado, investigamos a estrutura da língua polonesa falada na região, descrevendo seus detalhes fonéticos através de análise acústica com o software PRAAT. Essas pesquisas demonstram as particularidades desta língua que não é exatamente o polonês falado na Polônia atualmente, mas a língua trazida pelos imigrantes há um século atrás e que se diferenciou durante este tempo em contato com o português. Por outro lado, investigamos as características da fala destes descendentes na perspectiva teórica da sociolinguística quantitativa laboviana em busca das possíveis contribuições das línguas eslavas, polonês e ucraniano, para a constituição do português brasileiro falado na região. Para tanto, constituímos o Banco de Da-dos Variação Linguística de Fala Eslava – VARLINFE

The State of Paraná in southern Brazil received thousands of Polish immigrants in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Immigrants and their descendants maintained and cultivated Polish culture in the new land, exemplified in architecture, food, artistry, religious rites and the use of Slavic language. Bilingualism was and is still greatly practiced in the region and it is still the native language of many descendants. This current investigation comprises two layers of linguistic research developed by UNICENTRO researchers linked to the Nucleus of Slavic Studies (NEES). On the one hand, the structure of the Polish variety spoken in the region is investigated, comprising phonetic details through an acoustic analysis with the software PRAAT. The research demonstrates that the language is not precisely that spoken currently in Poland, but was brought by immigrants a century ago and which differentiated itself throughout time due to contact with the Portuguese language. On the other hand, we investigated the features of speech by descendants of immigrants from the theoretical perspective of Labov’s quantitative socio-linguistics for possible contributions of Slavic languages, Polish and Ukrainian, on Portuguese in the region mentioned above. A database of Linguistic Varieties of Slavic Speech has been elaborated (VARLINFE).

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1 Cognitive Studies

1 Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

1 Despot K. S.

1 Ostanina-Olszewska J.

1 TRENNEPHOL DA COSTA L.

2 2017

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When “soul” is lost in translation: Metaphorical conceptions of “soul” in Dostoyevsky's original “Братья Карамазовы” (“The Brothers Karamazov”) and its translations into Polish, Croatian and English

Falares poloneses no sul do Paraná: descrição linguística e confluências com o português