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Language Contact in the Semantic Field of Computers and the Internet: The Newest English Lexical Loans in Polish

100%
Zabawa M.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2014
|
vol. 3
127-136
EN
Nowadays more and more people are using computers and the Internet; consequently, they are continually in touch with computing terminology. The study and analysis of such terminology thus seems very important not only from the point of view of a linguist, but from one of an average computer user as well. Polish language for computers and the Internet is in a state of constant change today: new terms, mostly borrowed from English, enter the language all the time. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the origin of the newest lexical borrowings of English, many of which have not been noted in the dictionaries and/or discussed in the literature on the subject, used in Polish language for computers and the Internet. Special attention will be devoted to the morphology of such loans; among other things, special morphological processes will be discussed, such as the formation of diminutives of computer terms. The research is based on a corpus, collected and analyzed by the author of the study. The corpus comprises of texts taken from various Internet message boards devoted to computers and the Internet.
2

Nazwy osób we współczesnej polszczyźnie (na materiale Obserwatorium Językowego Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego)

84%
Senderska J.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2021
|
vol. XXIII/3
25–53
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza nazw osób pod kątem wskazania najbardziej wyrazistych tendencji związanych ze wzbogacaniem słownictwa polskiego, tj. z tworzeniem nowych jednostek leksykalnych oraz z zapożyczaniem ich, albo tylko ich znaczeń, z innych języków. Materiał źródłowy pochodzi ze stron Obserwatorium Językowego Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, na których rejestrowana jest najnowsza leksyka polska. Nazwy osób stanowią ok. 690 jednostek leksykalnych, przy czym przeważającą większość (ok. 630 jednostek) stanowią neologizmy leksykalne, tj. nowe derywaty i composita oraz zapożyczenia i kalki leksykalne. Pozostałe jednostki to neologizmy semantyczne (neosemantyzmy i zapożyczenia semantyczne) oraz frazeologiczne (nowe frazeologizmy i kalki frazeologiczne). Obserwacja wyekscerpowanych neologizmów potwierdza niesłabnące oddziaływanie języka angielskiego na współczesną polszczyznę, nie tylko w zakresie leksyki, lecz także w zakresie systemu słowotwórczego.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse people’s names in order to point out the most noticeable tendencies enriching Polish vocabulary, i.e. creating and borrowing new lexical items or only their meanings from other languages. The source material was excerpted from the website of the University of Warsaw Language Observatory (Obserwatorium Językowe Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego), where the newest Polish lexis is registered. There are about 690 people’s names, an overwhelming majority of them (about 630) being lexical neologisms, i.e. new derivatives, compounds, loan words and loan translations. The remaining lexical items are semantic neologisms (with new meanings assigned to existing lexical items) and phraseological neologisms (new idioms and phraseological calques). The scrutiny of excerpted neologisms confirms that English still has a strong influence on contemporary Polish, not only in terms of lexis but also in terms of the derivational system.
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