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EN
The functioning of the enterprise in a constantly changing environment means that companies should make the necessary transformation, meet challenges, and thus anticipate and shape the reality. Each company should be the instigator of continuous change, particularly innovative projects which success depends largely on the mobilization of all employees for creative thinking, action and learning. Today, a company is considered as innovative and competitive, when it possesses the ability to use marketing in order to understand the market and results of scientific research, new concepts, ideas and inventions which are expected by consumers due to the high level of modernity.
EN
The marketing concept of the functioning of territorial units is well-known today, both in the literature of the subject and in practice, although the activities undertaken vary in their intensity and scope. The expressions of marketing thinking and actions are, among other things, activities undertaken by local governments in the area of shaping the offer of a territorial unit. In our research, we focused on the territorial investment offer of the Polish local regions (NUTS 5), as well as actions taken by local governments as the entities with the most real opportunities for shaping this offer. The main goal of our research was the exploration of market orientation (MO) and investment offer (IO) in the practice of local governments, and then an attempt to link the undertaken actions with their potential investment attractiveness (PAI). The conclusions contained in this article are based on research conducted on a random sample of 277 Polish local regions with the use of three research methods: electronic audit of the official web portals of local regions, the mystery stakeholder, and an electronic survey sent to the official administrative representatives of the local regions in the sample.The conducted research shows that Polish local governments are slowly adopting MO, increasingly identifying their customers (including investors) and knowingly providing the expected benefits. As part of the conducted research a wide collection of good practices was developed in the area of shaping the investment offer and marketing approach which should be promoted and discussed.
EN
The market of R&D services formed as a result of social-economic transformation puts scientific-research units in the situation of companies from the service sector and consistently forces these entities to assume a marketing approach. New solutions and possibilities of using the achievements of marketing for the R&D sphere are sought after. One of such elements which have an impact on the growth of efficiency of the commercialization of the results of scientific-research works is the introduction of marketing orientation. The application of this orientation in scientific-research units contributes to building relations between science and business, leading to the transfer of knowledge to the economy. Appropriate implementation of marketing orientation for a scientific-research unit means on the one hand support for dissemination of information about its research-implementation and application works and on the other hand making potential entrepreneurs realize the profits they can get from the implementation of particular effects of R&D works. The goal of the article was highlighting the methods of implementation of marketing orientation in a scientific-research unit thanks to the application of defined hybrid and dedicated models, depending on the model of the instrument set within the concept of marketing-mix 4P. Their application contributes to the growth of chances for successful commercialization of the results of R&D works.
PL
Rynek usług B+R, który powstał w wyniku przeobrażeń społeczno-gospodarczych stawia jednostki naukowo-badawcze w sytuacji przedsiębiorstw usługowych i konsekwentnie wymusza zachowanie marketingowe w tego typu podmiotach. Poszukiwane są nowe rozwiązania oraz możliwości wykorzystania dorobku marketingu dla sfery B+R. Jednym z takich elementów, wpływających na wzrost skuteczności komercjalizacji wyników prac naukowo-badawczych, jest wprowadzenie orientacji marketingowej, której stosowanie w jednostkach naukowo-badawczych przyczynia się do budowania relacji na linii nauka-biznes, skutkującej transferem wiedzy do gospodarki. Odpowiednie wdrożenie orientacji marketingowej to z jednej strony dla jednostki naukowo-badawczej pomoc w upowszechnianiu informacji o prowadzonych przez nią pracach badawczo-wdrożeniowych i aplikacyjnych, z drugiej uświadomienie potencjalnych przedsiębiorców w zakresie zysków wynikających z wdrożenia konkretnych efektów prac B+R. Działania prowadzone w ramach orientacji marketingowej przynoszą także wartość dodaną w postaci rozpoznania potrzeb technologicznych otoczenia co wiąże się z nawiązaniem kontaktu z potencjalnym odbiorcą wyników prac B+R. Celem artykułu było wskazanie sposobów wdrożenia orientacji marketingowej w jednostce naukowo-badawczej dzięki zastosowaniu zdefiniowanych modeli hybrydowych oraz dedykowanych w zależności od modelu instrumentarium w ramach koncepcji marketingu-mix 4P, których wykorzystanie przekłada się na wzrost powodzenia komercjalizacji wyników prac B+R.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia zagadnienia wdrażania koncepcji marketingowej do działalności podmiotów rynku biur podróży, na przykładzie touroperatorów. Przedstawione zostały kwestie istoty orientacji marketingowej i fazy jej rozwoju. Następnie przedstawiono informacje teoretyczne dotyczące funkcjonowania rynku biur podróży wraz ze wskazaniem na procesy zachodzące na tym rynku. Określano zatem miejsce touroperatorów na rynku turystycznym oraz przedstawiono bardziej szczegółowo problematykę kształtowania orientacji marketingowej przez touroperatorów. Omówione zostały powiązania podmiotów w systemie kreowania orientacji marketingowej na rynku biur podróży oraz czynniki, które ją determinują. Zaprezentowana została syntetycznie metodyka przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych oraz wyniki badań poziomu orientacji marketingowej touroperatorów działających w Polsce i wybranych krajach europejskich. Badanie przeprowadzono w drugiej połowie 2016 roku na podstawie badań ankietowych. Badaniami objęto 204 touroperatorów z Polski i 176 z wybranych krajów europejskich. Celem opracowania jest zaprezentowanie koncepcji orientacji marketingowej touroperatorów, wraz z prezentacją wyników badań oceny poziomu orientacji marketingowej touroperatorów funkcjonujących w Polsce i wybranych krajach europejskich. Praca ma charakter teoretyczno-empiryczny.
EN
The article addresses implementing the marketing concept to the activities of travel agency market entities using the example of tour operators. The issues of the essence of marketing orientation and the stages of its development are presented. Then, theoretical information on the functioning of the travel agency market is given, along with an indication of the processes taking place in this market. Therefore, the paper discusses the position of tour operators on the tourism market and the problem of shaping the marketing orientation by tour operators in more detail. The relationships of entities in the system of creating marketing orientation on the travel agency market and the factors that determine it are presented. The methodology of the empirical research and the results of research on the level of marketing orientation of tour operators operating in Poland and selected European countries are described synthetically. The study was conducted in the second half of 2016 based on a survey. The research covered 204 tour operators from Poland and 176 from selected European countries. The study aims to present the concept of tour operators’ marketing orientation, together with the presentation of the results of research assessing the level of marketing orientation of tour operators operating in Poland and selected European countries. The work is theoretical and empirical.
EN
Customer relationship management in investment fund portfolio companies The purpose of this paper is to present the problems related to customer relationship management in relation to the changes taking place in contemporary economic space. Thus, the analysis is based on the definition of activities undertaken in business strategies, with particular emphasis on the forms of communication aimed at activating buyers. In addition, the development of specific customer relationships that are the basis for the optimization of defined business processes in connection with the requirement for effective cost management within the scope of operating operations, has been highlihgted. That is compatible with the current market trend, which emphasizes the importance of acquiring, processing and updating information about buyer behavior and preferences. Therefore, having knowledge of the customer and managing it, nowadays determines the competitive advantage of the organization.
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