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Coffee, Cookies and Cards: The Use of Visuals and Materiality to Reproduce and Transform Masculinity in Dutch Social Work Interventions

100%
van Huis I., van der Haar M.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2015
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vol. 16
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issue 1
57-66
EN
In what way do gender-specific interventions aimed at marginalised men reproduce and transform masculinities, and what kind of masculinity do social professionals, who carry out these projects, work with? This paper analyses how visual materials, spaces and artefacts enable professionals to deal with masculinity and gender-equality issues when working with men whom they assume hold traditional views on masculinity and gender roles. A three-year study of semi-public interventions that worked on individual empowerment, participation and gender equality with marginalised men in the Netherlands revealed that the professionals found it difficult to raise gender-equality issues. In contrast to the other project goals of individual empowerment and participation, gender-equality issues created a discomfort. The authors also discovered that gender equality in most cases was dealt with in more subtle ways than the issues of individual empowerment and participation. In this context, professionals worked with an ideal version of what the ‘new’ masculinity of the participants would look like, which we labelled ‘pacified masculinity’. The paper empirically shows how social professionals benefit from the use of space, images and artefacts to break down rigid gender roles and potentially enable men to construct other versions of masculine identity. Moreover, we argue that visuals and materiality create room for a reflection on the role of men in women’s emancipation.
2
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The performative effects of the European War on migrants : masculinities and femininities at the Moroccan-spanish border

88%
Tyszler E.
Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research
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2019
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vol. 20
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issue 1
40-66
EN
This article ethnographically explores how Central and West African masculinities and femininities are shaped and reshaped at the Moroccan-Spanish border in the context of the increased securitisation and politicisation of migrations from the global South to the global North. Apart from the migration regime at the outer border of the European Union, it also examines the role of the humanitarian regime in policing black migrants’ gender identities. It aims to address an important aspect of the mobility experiences and bordering effects that tends to go under-researched. Drawing on long-term fi eldwork, which was carried out between 2015 and 2017, it presents detailed ethnographic examples of the construction of masculinities and femininities at the border and asks how these work to help or prevent mobility. Analysis of the intersections of the gender regime and the racialised migratory regime reveals the coloniality of security migration policies
3
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Muži a ženy pečující o seniory v rodině

88%
Dudová R., Vohlídalová M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2018
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vol. 54
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issue 2
219-251
EN
Current data show that most elderly care in the Czech Republic, as well as worldwide, is provided by family members and in most cases women. Men also provide care, but they are less likely to do so, the intensity of the care they do provide is not as great, and the care activities they engage in are of a different type than those performed by women. This article seeks to answer two questions: What share of Czech women and men are caring for an elderly member in the family? Do the experiences of sons and daughters as caregivers differ? For this purpose the article presents a quantitative analysis of the Wave 5 of the SHARE 2013 dataset and a qualitative analysis of in‑depth interviews with men and women caring for their frail elderly mother (and father). The results indicate that although the share of men providing some care in the CR is similar to the share of women, as carers men spend less time providing care, and they are more likely to care for their wife or partner than for other family members. Daughters are more likely to be the ones who provide care when an elderly parent needs more intensive help. Qualitative data indicate that when caring for their parents, men and women tend to ‘do gender’, if not in their care practices, then in their narrations of care. Men tend to provide care that is ‘good enough’ (instead of ‘the best’ care) and to use managerial and expert discourse when talking about care.
4
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" Krásne prší, dedko, poďme! A tak sme išli" : Starootcovstvo ako neopomenuteľná rola starších mužov

75%
Sedláková T., Galčanová L., Bělehradová A.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2018
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vol. 54
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issue 1
101-126
EN
The study examines the experiences of contemporary older Czech men specifically in their role as grandfathers. Despite the great body of research devoted to the issues of grandparenthood, most attention, both locally and internationally, has been given to women and grandmotherhood. To overcome this shortcoming, we present findings based on eleven qualitative interviews conducted with men with diverse grandparenting experiences and performing various forms of caring practices. Grandparenting is a negotiated, relational, and highly gendered social role, which we explored in our research through our respondents’ narratives focused on everydayness and memories of their own experience as a grandchild. Based on their self-reflective narratives we were able to describe the performative potential of grandparenting and define four types of activities through which grandfather roles take shape. On this basis we were also able to describe the spatio-temporal aspects of these practices, which proved to be crucial for understanding of gender issues of grandfatherhood. Although the narratives of the participants in our research reflect an active approach to fulfilling the grandparenting role, their caring practices are still predominantly structured in a gender-stereotyped way. In terms of theory, our research results build on and seek to contribute to one of the most influential theoretical models of grandfathers’ involvement proposed by Bates and Taylor.
5
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Men at the Edge: Margins and Masculinities in Nigerian Migrant Fictions

75%
Raji W.
Anglica Wratislaviensia
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2017
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issue 55
99-109
EN
Most African societies are constructed as patriarchal and consequently structured around a hegemonic conception of masculinity. The male gender stands as the embodiment of authority and a symbol of power and privileges. But, since about the middle of the eighties, and for reasons ranging from economic difficulties, political crisis and war to the quest for educational and professional fulfillment, people from different African communities and countries have been voting with their feet, migrating to different countries of Europe and America. On arrival in their different countries of destination, they find themselves confronted with a different kind of social relations. Men in particular find themselves consigned to the margins of their new societies, with all the powers and privileges they had become used to almost completely abrogated. In short, they discover that they have to adjust to a form of masculinity that can only be described as subordinate. Recent Nigerian works of fiction focusing on the theme of transnational migration have con­tinued to reflect on this situation. The authors of these works have, among other issues, continued to explore the condition of Nigerian males existing at the edges of their new societies in the diaspora, articulating the untold agony they suffer and the crisis of adjustment they experience. My focus in this paper then lies in the exploration of the perspective of transformed masculinities in Nigerian migrant fiction, focusing specifically on Ike Oguine’s A Squatter’s Tale.
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A PATTERNS OF MASCULINITIES IN DISCOURSE OF REPORTS ASSESSING CONDITION OF POLISH STARTUPS ORGANISATIONS

75%
TOBIASIEWICZ E.
Society Register
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2021
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vol. 5
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issue 1
95-116
EN
The purpose of this article is discourse analysis of masculinity created in reports assessing the current condition of Polish startups. The analysis covered reports published by the Startup Poland foundation from 2015-2019. This text is an attempt to apply the heuristic framework of integrative gender theories to interpret the results of the research, and explain how the discursively masculinity was constructed. Startups as innovative professional structures belonging to the knowledge-based economy model are an example of organizations typical of the information society. Numerous studies report changes (crises) occurring among the practiced male patterns (especially those typical for the countries of the global North). The results of the analysis show that despite these reports, the largest startup organizations striving to produce innovative solutions and using modern solutions, on the discursive surface, are associated with cultural patterns of hegemonic masculinity. Polish startups, on a structural and symbolic dimensions, are a highly masculine spaces. However, due to the practice of achieving hegemony, they (startups) can be interpreted in terms of cooperative or hybrid masculinity.
7
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CARING MASCULINITY OR HYBRID MASCULINITY? AN ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH RESULTS ON MALE NURSES IN POLAND

75%
KLUCZYŃSKA U.
Society Register
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2021
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vol. 5
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issue 1
7-26
EN
In studies on men and masculinities, there is an increasing number of theories, which result from development, discussions and criticism in the area. However, in the context of this paper, two ways of describing masculinities are taken into account, i.e. caring masculinities and hybrid masculinities. The article analyses research results on male nurses in Poland, which were performed by means of in-depth interviews, according to theoretical assumptions on caring and hybrid masculinities. The interviews revealed varying ways of perceiving masculinities in the context of care. Out of the ways identified by the Author, the study focuses on the analysis of how to define masculinity as a belief that masculinity is accomplished by ensuring hegemonic masculinity. It also shows how this way of defining masculinity is related to the assumptions of hybrid masculinity. As a result, the analyses show that caring masculinities are not only diverse but also that the very term is disputable with regard to masculinities involved in various types of care.
8
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Chłopcy – nowi opresjonowani? Zwrot w genderowych badaniach edukacyjnych

63%
Kopciewicz L.
Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja
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2015
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vol. 18
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issue 2(70)
37-53
EN
In this paper the author provides an overview of the debates “about the boys” in United Kingdom, United States and Australia. The ways in which these debates have emerged are discussed to highlight the type of polemic which continues to inform about the moral panic surrounding the issues of boys who have acquired the status of the “new disadvantaged”. The author explores how the issue has been portrayed as an educational crisis of the nineties and how this problem has been attributed to the impact of feminism. The most important part of the paper focuses on an anti-feminist backlash rhetoric and its impact on debates about boys’ education.
PL
W niniejszym artykule autorka skupia się na przeglądzie debat „o chłopcach” z Wielkiej Brytanii, ze Stanów Zjednoczonych i z Australii. Omawia przyczyny pojawienia się tych debat oraz podkreśla ten rodzaj polemiki, która nieprzerwanie informuje o moralnej panice dotyczącej kwestii chłopców, którzy nabyli status „nowych opresjonowanych”. Autorka bada przyczynę przedstawiania tego zagadnienia jako kryzysu edukacyjnego lat 90. XX wieku oraz to, jaki wpływ ma na niego feminizm. Najważniejsza część tego artykułu koncentruje się na retoryce ostrego sprzeciwu antyfeministycznego i jego wpływu na dyskusje na temat chłopięcej edukacji.
9
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Rolnicy, kowboje i drwale. Koncepcje wiejskich męskości w obszarze badań nad wsią

63%
Gospodarczyk M.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2019
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issue 4(235)
103-128
PL
Artykuł ma na celu analizę koncepcji, kierunków i perspektyw badawczych, za pomocą których nauki o wsi opisują wiejskich mężczyzn. Analiza powstała na podstawie najważniejszych publikacji podejmujących temat relacji między płcią kulturową a wsią w szeroko pojętych społeczeństwach zachodnich. Artykuł opisuje społeczny kontekst tworzenia konstrukcji wiejskich męskości, ich przemiany oraz główne kategorie, które pozwalają na ich definiowanie. Wyodrębnione kategorie analityczne to: rolnictwo i jego znaczenie w kreowaniu figury rolnika/farmera jako symbolu męskości wiejskiej; alkohol i publiczne odgrywanie męskości; seksualność i erotyczne obrazy wsi; małżeństwo heteroseksualne i praktyki rodzicielskie. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie dynamiki wiejskich męskości i zmian, którym podlegają, oraz wskazanie wzajemnych powiązań miasta i wsi w kontekście męskości. Artykuł wskazuje na potrzebę zwrócenia uwagi na dotychczas rzadko poruszane w polskiej socjologii wsi kwestie, na przykład sytuację osób nieheteronormatywnych.
EN
The article is an analysis of the concepts, perspectives, and premises used in rural studies to depict rural men. The most influential publications that are devoted to the interlinkages between gender and rurality in Western societies have been analyzed. The article presents the social context, in which the constructs of rural masculinities have emerged, the transformations thereof and the key categories they are defined by. These categories are: the agriculture and its role in the construction of a farmer figure as a symbol of rural masculinity; alcohol and public performances of masculinity; sexuality and the erotic images of the countryside; heterosexual marriage and parental practices. The article aims at demonstrating the dynamics of changes in rural masculinities and indicating the connections between city and the countryside in the aspect of masculinity. The article calls for more attention to some issues that were infrequently addressed in Polish rural sociology, such as the situation of non-heteronormative persons.
10
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Trzy światy męskiej pracy – stałość i zmiana wzorów w zmaskulinizowanych zawodach

63%
Kubisa J.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2019
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issue 3(234)
171-196
PL
Artykuł przedstawia eksploracyjne rozpoznanie mechanizmów segregacji zawodowej pod względem płci na rynku pracy na przykładzie wybranych grup zawodowych: strażaków, kurierów i kierowców autobusów. Prowadzona analiza pozwala na zrozumienie czynników wspierających lub osłabiających utrzymywanie się męskich wzorców w tych miejscach pracy i grupach zawodowych. Celem było zbadanie społecznych mechanizmów segregacji na rynku pracy ze względu na płeć przez skoncentrowanie się na męskich doświadczeniach pracy w zawodach zmaskulinizowanych. Doświadczenia mężczyzn analizowano w perspektywie zmieniającego się świata pracy. Efektem jest typologia trzech światów męskiej pracy: grupę zawodową broniącą męskości, grupy zawodowej wyzyskiwanej za pomocą męskości oraz grupy zawodowej nieprzywiązanej do męskości.
EN
The article presents explorative research of occupational segregation mechanisms in terms of gender on the labour market, on the example of three occupations: firefighters, parcel delivery couriers and bus drivers. The analysis enables to understand factors that enhance or weaken persistence of masculine patterns in workplaces and occupational groups. Its aim was to focus on social mechanisms of gendered segregation on the labour market, with regard to men experiences in masculinized occupations, in the context of changes in work and employment. The article offers conclusion in form of typology of three worlds of men’s work: occupational group that protects masculinity, occupational group that is exploited with use of masculinity and occupational group that is not attached to masculinity.
11
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Proč je domácí násilí klíčovým tématem pro sociologii a sociální teorii: Napětí, paradoxy a důsledky

63%
Hearn J.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2014
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vol. 15
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issue 1
16-28
EN
Sociology and sociological theory have been effective in analyzing societal and institutional conflict and violence, but less so in analyzing the specifics of interpersonal violence. This article examines the sociological significance of domestic violence. This relationship, or sometimes its neglect, is underlain by several tensions and paradoxes, which in turn have broader implications for sociology, sociological theory and social theory. These matters are examined through: the possible paradox of violence and intimacy in the phenomenon of domestic violence; the importance of the naming and framing of such violence; explanation, responsibility and agency; and gender, hegemony and discourse in men’s violence to known women, as part of a multi-faceted power approach.
12
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The Category of Masculinity in the Polish Media Discourse on Robert Lewandowski

51%
Arcimowicz K.
Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej
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2020
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vol. 16
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issue 1
12-27
PL
Podstawowym celem badań było zrekonstruowanie i przeanalizowanie kategorii męskości w dyskursie medialnym dotyczącym Roberta Lewandowskiego oraz opisanie i zinterpretowanie najważniejszych strategii dyskursywnych wykorzystywanych w kreowaniu obrazu piłkarza. Materiał badawczy obejmuje blisko 120 polskojęzycznych przekazów medialnych – głównie artykułów internetowych, spotów reklamowych i wywiadów, które ukazały się w latach 2013−2019. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki krytycznej analizy dyskursu przeprowadzonej z uwzględnieniem postulatów podejścia dyskursywno-historycznego. Główne ramy teoretyczne podjętych badań stanowią teoria męskości hegemonicznej, teoria męskości inkluzyjnej, a także koncepcja męskości opiekuńczej. Dyskurs dotyczący Lewandowskiego nie jest jednorodny, występują w nim elementy pochodzące z różnych wersji męskości. Ten dyskurs dzieli się na dwie części: pierwszą – związaną ze sferą zawodową oraz drugą – prywatną. Strategie opisujące życie zawodowe piłkarza są dosyć konserwatywne. Elementy o największym znaczeniu w tej części dyskursu nawiązują do ciężkiej pracy, sukcesu, rywalizacji oraz mezomorficznego wzorca ciała. Część dyskursu odnosząca się do życia rodzinnego piłkarza jest zdominowana przez strategie łączące się z koncepcją męskości opiekuńczej i pojęciem relacji partnerskiej, ale nie są one całkowiciewolne od wpływu tradycyjnych wzorców ról płciowych.
EN
The fundamental objective of the studies was to reconstruct and analyze the category of masculinity in the media discourse that refers to Robert Lewandowski as well as to describe and interpret the most important discursive strategies used in creating the image of the footballer. The research material includes almost 120 Polish-language media messages: mainly Internet articles, commercial spots, and interviews, all of which appeared in the years 2013-2019. This article presents the results of the critical analysis of the discourse, including proposals of the discourse-historical approach. The prime theoretical framework of the studies is made up of the theory of hegemonic masculinity on the one hand and the theory of inclusive masculinity on the other, as well as the concept of caring masculinities. The discourse on Lewandowski is not homogeneous; it includes elements derived from different versions of masculinity. The discourse is divided into two parts: one connected with the professional sphere and the other referring to the private. The strategies describing the footballer’s professional life are quite conservative. The elements of the highest importance within this part of the discourse include hard work, success, rivalry, and the mesomorph body type. The part of the discourse referring to the footballer’s family life is dominated by the strategies connected with the concept of caring masculinities and the notion of egalitarian relationship even though it is not completely free from the traditional gender roles.
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