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1

Historia i znaczenie ryngrafu

100%

Wasilewska J.

Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

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2011

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vol. 95

349-358

2

Islamska Republika Iranu – regionalne mocarstwo i jego rola w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego

85%

EL GHAMARI M., Troszczyńska L.

Obronność – Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania i Dowodzenia Akademii Sztuki Wojennej

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2017

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issue 3(23)

14

EN

Currently, Iran is a country aspiring to play the role of a great power in the Middle East region, affecting the many phenomena and processes occurring in it, involved in almost every conflict. The Middle East is one of the most unstable and unpredictable regions in the world. It is currently difficult to resolve conflicts and crises there, such as the rise of the socalled Islamic State, the migration crisis, the Israeli-Palestinian crisis, the aftermath of the war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the pursuit of imperial powers in the creation of the local policy and the crisis over Iran's nuclear program. These disputes and conflicts take place in an area which is two-thirds of the oil reserves and about half of the natural gas resources, which determines the importance of the Middle East for the international community.

3

Miejsce kaźni i straceń, rekreacji i sportu. Tereny zielone wokół jeziora Rusałka w Poznaniu.

85%

Sahaj T.

Turystyka Kulturowa

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2015

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issue 10

21-37

PL

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja licznych związków zachodzących pomiędzy aktywnością rekreacyjną i sportową, a miejscami kaźni i straceń na terenie poznańskiego jeziora Rusałka i jego okolic. Podjęto próbę wydobycia potencjału i pomnożenia kapitału kulturowego, społecznego i turystycznego tego miejsca. Teoretycznej części narracji towarzyszą aplikacje praktyczne. W pracy zastosowano szereg metod. Podczas badań terenowych zanalizowano treści tablic informacyjnych i przebieg tras pieszo-rowerowych, odwołano się do naocznych obserwacji i sięgnięto do bogatej literatury przedmiotu różnorodnej proweniencji.

4

Zbiory rzemiosła artystycznego, militariów i malarstwa obcego rodziny Niedzielskich

80%

Skorupska-Szarlej J.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

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2016

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vol. 31

253-290

XX

The assortment of artistic handicraft, textiles, militaria and foreign paintings kept in the manor house of the Larysz Niedzielski family in Śledziejowice constituted a unique collection. In the course of one hundred years, three generations of the Niedzielski family managed to fill a wooden building (constructed in the middle of a vast old park between 1823 and 1825 by the prior owners, Tekla née Niedzielska and Józef Zdzieński), including its walls and cabinets, with very interesting and valuable items. Unfortunately, a number of them were damaged or lost in the course of the cruel peasants’ revolt. Nevertheless, thanks to the passion of Erazm Niedzielski, a very precious and numerous collection was saved. It included the favourite numismatic collection, Italian and Dutch paintings, militaria, kontusz sashes and tapestries, equipment and glass. There were also French gilded items made of bronze and other small exhibits of significant artistic, and also sentimental, value. Each of the objects had its own history, often related to the longdeceased ancestors. Some of them, e.g. the golden denar of King Vladislaus Łokietek was the object of a transaction concluded in July 1896 between Stanisław Niedzielski and Count Emeryk Hutten-Czapski, which became a part of the Polish history of collecting. A significant portion of collections ended up in Śledziejowice as dowries of subsequent Niedzielski maidens: Emma née Komar (1820 – 1910), the wife of Erazm, and Apolonia Colonna-Walewska (1865 – 1939), the wife of Stanisław. These dowries included portraits, family tokens and luxury items held by the families for a number of years. This group encompassed gilded bronze items produced in the Parisian workshop of Pierre Philippe Thormire (1751 – 1843): a three-tier sweets stand, a brass Empire style column used as a lamp base and three pairs of Empire style bases for crystal plates, as well as two candle-holders made of gilded bronze in the style of Louis XVI and two candelabra for 9 candles made of two Sèvres vases imitating Chinese porcelain, encased in French gilded bronze in the style of Louis XV. Another luxury item was the French “Breguet” watch, the work of the Swiss watch-maker Abraham Louis Breguet (1747 – 1823), purchased in 1809 in Paris by one of the “grandfathers” who probably stayed there with Napoleon’s army, possibly General Count Stanisław Florian Potocki. It was a personal watch with a large gilded case, with the face with Arab numerals and one hand fixed in the middle. These items were a true decoration of the house. The watch might have been the property of an ancestor of Apolonia Walewska, i.e. General Potocki, a rich and fashionable man who stayed in Paris together with the army of Prince Joseph in the first years of the 19th century. Another item is also related to the person of General Count Potocki, i.e. the Order of St. Stanislaus from the period of the Congress Kingdom, which Stanisław Niedzielski donated to the Lviv National Museum of King John III along with a collection of coins, a family signet ring and a kontusz sash. The items that were traditionally handed over from father to son were weapons. Weapons were encountered in numerous Polish homes. They testified to the family’s bravery and valour and, if necessary, provided equipment for fighters, as it was the case with the Circassian shashka which Stanisław gave to his son Adam when he was going to war. Weapons, especially ornamented ones, also performed decorative functions. Placed on the wall in the form of a panoply or on a tapestry, they reminded about the valiant past and were also a token after those who fought for the fatherland, even if they were not necessarily family members. In Śledziejowice, such weapons included the sabre of Commander Stanisław Revera Potocki and the Austrian sabre of cavalry officer, General Zygmunt Jordan, one of the commanders in the January Uprising. Obviously, there were also other weapons, including the Spanish cutlass with a Toledo blade, probably a token after an expedition to the Iberian Peninsula, the Caucasian shashka and kama and, the most noticeable item, i.e. the 17th century Hussar armour adorned with a cavalry cross on the breastplate. It was a combat armour and not a representative one, thence its solid execution and modest decorations. Apart from military articles, the Niedzielski manor house – similarly to any other nobleman’s residence – featured old textiles: four Polish kontusz sashes and Eastern tapestries of interesting provenance. Erazm Niedzielski brought two very valuable manuscripts from a trip to Paris in 1869. One was the manuscript of a-moll mazurka op. 17 of Frederic Chopin written in 1833 in Paris. Archaeological specimens purchased by Erazm Niedzielski in 1872 came from a trip to Italy. These were small ceramic items, donated in 1927 by Doctor Stanisław Niedzielski to the Archaeological Unit of the Jagiellonian University, where they are still kept today. Other purchases made during the Paris trip in 1869 by Erazm Niedzielski include a translation of a Medieval hymn to the Holy Spirit, Veni Creator, written by Adam Mickiewicz (“Come, the Creator Spirit, Visit the Thoughts of the Faithful…”). Its authenticity was confirmed by the poet’s son, Władysław Mickiewicz. There were also works by foreign authors. In this respect, a collection of old paintings of artists from the area of Italy and the Netherlands is particularly interesting. These were landscapes, portraits, religious and mythological scenes. They were purchased, in a vast majority, by Erazm Niedzielski from a collection of Prince Chancellor Wacław Antoni Kaunitz (1711 – 1794), which ceased to exist in 1820. The rank of the Niedzielski collection is best testified by the fact that the most valuable painting found in the Śledziejowice collection is “Venus and Amor” by Jan Mays, currently held by the Museum of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków; another valuable masterpiece was “The Head of the Madonna” probably painted by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1693 – 1770), which was bought by Count Zamoyski from Stanisław Niedzielski. Other precious and rare artefacts include a collection of graphic works of Franciszek Smuglewicz and Marco Carloni, “Vestigia delle Terme di Tito” characterised by a very high artistic and technical level. It presents the painted decoration of Titus’ Bathhouse and a part of the Golden House. It was a gift of Stanisław Niedzielski for Countess Elżbieta Hutten-Czapska in 1897. This was a very valuable publication, considered a rarity also in the 19th century. Erazm Niedzielski was a valued coin collector, well known in Kraków. He accumulated an interesting collection of Greek and Roman coins from the times of the republic and the empire, as well as Polish coins starting with 11th century denars, through coins of district princes and election kings, as well as foreign coins occurring in the Polish lands of various epochs. Its significant portion was donated in 1931 by Stanisław Niedzielski to the Museum of Jan III Sobieski in Lviv. Kajetan Niedzielski and Erazm Niedzielski were passionate collectors and the Śledziejowice collections were created mostly thanks to their knowledge and passion; apart from true artefacts which could be presented in renowned museums, the collections also include odd items such as horseshoes, fragments of old joinery, an old Polish spur and a metal squiggle. Stanisław Niedzielski did not share the collector’s passion and he put the entire effort to the maintenance of the property destroyed by WWI and economic crisis, even at the cost of selling or exchange of the most valuable items, e.g. the 17th century Eastern tapestries for utility furniture from Erazm Barącz in 1921. The list of Śledziejowice collections which Stanisław Niedzielski prepared in the inter-war period surprises with the variety of the artefacts. It includes numerous remarks about the provenance or further fate of items and constitutes a priceless historical material for the history of collecting. Even though the collections were dispersed, thanks to the list it is possible to reconstruct them

5

Austriackie Kriegsmappe – zapomniane źródło do ikonografii polskich zabytków architektury – na przykładzie Galizien 1915 Luigiego Kasimira

71%

Marcinek R.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2014

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issue 2

5-22

EN

This article refreshes our memory on the graphic portfolios created and published during the World War I, exemplified by the work of Luigi Kasimir (1881-1962), Austrian graphic artist and landscape painter. In the years 1900-1905 he attended the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, gaining artistic education under the supervision of William Unger. In the following years, he improved his skills in lithography and colour etching. Soon he became one of the most recognized Austrian graphic artists and his works found their way to the largest world collections. In 1915, Kasimir was delegated to Galicia with a task of providing artistic documentation of the course of military operations, which resulted in a portfolio of 47 graphics presenting the architectural monuments of former Galicia upon passing of the Austro-Russian front in 1915. Portfolio depicts the views of sites from the following localities: Biecz, Glinik Mariampolski, Gorlice, Jarosław, Kraków, Otfinów, Nielepkowice, Pawłosiów, Przemyśl, Radymno, Sękowa, Sieniawa, Tarnów, Wiązownica, Wietlin, Wysocko and Zbylitowska Góra. Therefore, the analysis of portfolio provides us with a relatively comprehensive set of iconographic materials, presented in publications and conservation documentation sporadically or at all. From the total of 47 views, there are only 7 cases of sites, which have been not definitely rebuilt throughout the last century. Almost half of them did not survive. The author mentions also the portfolios of the other artists, which might be of documentary importance. Not all of them were published: materials to some of them rest in the Vienna and Budapest archives. Many works have been rejected as the relics of the Germanic military propaganda. Despite the above, it is worth to return to them, since in many cases, these are the only art representations of sites from villages and provincial small towns.

6

Zapiski w dawnych księgach inwentarzowych zakonu krzyżackiego m. in. o zasobach arsenałów i innych magazynów na zamkach krzyżackich na granicy prusko-mazowieckiej od XIV do XVI w.

70%

Śliczyńska J. E.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Librorum

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2017

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vol. 2

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issue 25

13-26

EN

The chateau complexes, both those at the border with Masovia as well as others, in the depths of the Teutonic State in Prussia, were primarily defensive buildings, but also had administrative, economic, production, processing and storage facilities, and also military warehouses for the local members of the convention (knights) and armaments with military intervention equipment that could come to the castle from other nearby castles, or for the armies) and use those stocks for further warfare. There was a very strong connection between the castle's operation (here on the border with the Duchy of Masovia), the infrastructure in that economic and military castle complex, its reserves and the role it played in the defense system of the Teutonic Order in Prussia and its economic potential resulting from the economic and conglomerate infrastructure and stored any stock.

PL

Kompleksy zamkowe, zarówno te nad granicą z Mazowszem, jak i inne, położone w głębi państwa krzyżackiego w Prusach, były przede wszystkim obiektami o charakterze obronnym, pełniły jednak również rolę administracyjną, gospodarczą, centrów produkcji, przetwórstwa i przechowalnictwa spożywczego. Pełniły jednocześnie rolę magazynów militariów dla miejscowych członków konwentów (rycerzy) oraz zbrojowni z uzbrojeniem interwencyjnym dla wojsk, które mogłyby przybyć z innych pobliskich zamków (lub dla wojsk zaciężnych) i używać tychże zapasów do dalszego prowadzenia działań wojennych. Istniał bardzo duży związek pomiędzy usytuowaniem zamku (tu na granicy z księstwem mazowieckim), infrastrukturą, w tym gospodarczo-militarną kompleksu zamkowego, jego zapasami oraz rolą, jaką pełnił w systemie obronnym państwa zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach i jego potencjałem gospodarczym, wynikającym z infrastruktury gospodarczej i zgromadzonych oraz przechowywanych w nim wszelkich zapasów.

7

Szable w kontekście badań nad bronią dawną – przyczynek do dziejów bronioznawstwa polskiego

57%

Chramiec M.

Opuscula Musealia

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2019

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vol. 26

59-81

EN

This article is an attempt to provide a comprehensive view on the history of hoplology in relation to the most popular type of weapon used in the old Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the sabre. The research history addresses the issue of modern weapons, which is motivated by the emergence of various types of sabre at that time. Research on old weapons, inspired primarily by collectors, museologists and members of academia, traditionally uses a range of methods developed by history, art history, archaeology and art restoration. Such research can also enter the field of sociology and cultural studies, provided that we take into account the fact that weapons, sabres in particular, symbolized social standing. The variety of issues, which are generally confined to the above mentioned concepts, also translates into the historiographic sphere. Because of that, it may be surprising that Polish literature on historical weapons only dates back to the second half of the 19th century. However, collectors had shown interest in military items much earlier. The first part of the article presents the most important private collections of weapons from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, with particular focus on the almost entirely preserved collection of Izabela Czartoryska, who founded the first museum in Poland. This layout is the starting point for presenting academic interest in military items, divided into the pre- and post-war periods.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Librorum

1 Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

1 Obronność – Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania i Dowodzenia Akademii Sztuki Wojennej

1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Opuscula Musealia

1 Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

1 Turystyka Kulturowa

1 Chramiec M.

1 EL GHAMARI M.

1 Marcinek R.

1 Sahaj T.

1 Skorupska-Szarlej J.

1 Troszczyńska L.

1 Wasilewska J.

1 Śliczyńska J. E.

1 2019

2 2017

1 2016

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1 2014