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1

Film po adaptacji powieści: narracja Wojny polsko-ruskiej pod flagą biało-czerwoną. Porównanie przekładu angielskiego powieści i angielskich napisów w adaptacji filmowej Xawerego Żuławskiego

100%

Osadnik W.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2010

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issue 1(5)

107-130

EN

In the theoretical part of the article the author discusses the notion of cultural equivalency from the perspective of the polysystem theory, proposed by Gideon Toury, Jose Lambert and Itamar Even¬ Zohar. The theory assumes that literature is a formal dynamic functional system, and that the translation of a literary work of art rejects the requirement of adequacy for the sake of acceptability. The point of departure for the analytical part of the text is the concept of adaptation as translation, which refers to the polysystem theory and has been developed by Patrick Cattrysse and Alicja Helman. The analysis of the English version of the novel, written by Dorota Masłowska and titled Snow White and Russian Red (Polish: Wojna polsko¬ ruska pod flagą biało¬ czerwoną), shows the scale of difficulty which the translator, Benjamin Paloff, experi-enced in order to generate the target text “rooted” in the target culture. In case of subtitles the equivalency is even more difficult to achieve, mainly because of the problem of reduc-tion of the original dialogue to a couple of lines printed on the bottom of the shot. The author of the article shows what type of equivalences both – the translator of the novel into English, and the author of subtitles selected in order to achieve the goal.

2

Directionality/Flow

100%

Jędrzejko P.

Review of International American Studies

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2017

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vol. 10

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issue 2

EN

Paweł JędrzejkoDepartment of American and Canadian StudiesInstitute of English Cultures and LiteraturesUniversity of Silesia in KatowicePolandDirectionality/FlowAbstract: The present volume, generously guest-edited by Claudio Salmeri of the University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, offers a multifaceted insight into how American values have been “translated into Italian” and accommodated within the cultural space of twenty-first century Italy. The volume’s title, Trans/Lazio, is thus both a gesture in recognition of the complexity of the Italian cultural space and an attempt to accommodate theoretical premises of polysystem theory in a study of the mutual relations between Italy and America as simultaneously donor and acceptor cultures, simultaneously distinctive and accommodating. Emphasizing these values, the present, aptly titled, issue ushers in the second decade of RIAS, a journal univocally dedicated to the hemispheric and transoceanic study of the Americas.

3

De mica en mica s’omple la pica de Jaume Fuster: un intent de consolidar la novel·la negra i policíaca a Catalunya

88%

Wegner M.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2021

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vol. 48

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issue 3

73-88

EN

Discussing the Catalan crime fiction may appear as a challenging scientific task due to its lacking autochthonous tradition. The scholars exploring this issue have come to conclusion that, even though there were authors such as Rafael Tasis o Manuel de Pedrolo, whose contribution to this literary genre’s solid foundations seems indubitable, Jaume Fuster is the writer responsible for its consolidation in the Catalan literary system in the 1970s. The aim of the present paper is to analyze Jaume Fuster’s De mica en micas’omple la pica in a specific historical context in order to present some of his foreign influences and inspirations. Specifically, it investigates whether the author remained indifferent to external literary products or whether he chose deliberately some of the archi-genre’s elements in order to implement and consolidate crime fiction in Catalonia. For this purpose, we have applied some of the principles of Even-Zohar’s Polysystem Theory. The results showed that De mica en mica s’omple la pica not only has played a major role in the consolidation of crime fiction but it also placed its author in one of the central positions in the Catalan literary polysystem. Moreover, Fuster tended to interact with different foreign traditions by using in his works modified crime fiction components based on the unique repertory conditioned by the geopolitical situation of Catalonia.

4

Polish and English Discourses on the History of Medieval Italy: A Polysystem Study

88%

Marcinkiewicz P.

Perspektywy Kultury

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2023

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vol. 41

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issue 2/1

163-180

IT

L’articolo affronta il problema delle differenze di polisistema tra testi storici polacchi e inglesi che trattano del Medioevo. Nella tradizione letteraria polacca, le poetiche rinascimentali della traduzione prediligevano il libero adattamento, del tutto indipendente dall’originale. La tradizione britannica della traduzione, codificata alla fine del XVIII secolo non permetteva la parafrasi. Al contrario, la traduzione dovrebbe trasmettere totalmente l’idea del testo originale, mentre lo stile e il modo di renderle dovrebbero avere le stesse caratteristiche dell’originale. Per quanto riguarda la retorica della scienza, nella lingua polacca, essa è stata dapprima formata da modelli letterari latini altamente declinanti e in seguito da modelli francesi di prosa ornata. Nella lingua inglese, la dizione scientifica era basata su modelli orientati alla sintassi germanica e normanna e l’apertura verso modelli stranieri era valutata come una resistenza ad una lettura scorrevole e ad interpretazioni chiare. L’articolo analizza l’introduzione di Henryk Samsonowicz a Rozkwit średniowiecz-nej Europy [Lo splendore dell’Europa Medioevale] (2001), così come la traduzione polacca di Medieval Rome. Stability and Crisis of the City di Chris Wickham (2015). Si conclude che i testi scientifici polacchi ed inglesi – non solo quelli che trattano dell’Italia nel Medioevo – appartengono a generi diversi. Mentre gli autori polacchi cercano di creare saggi linguisicamente trasparenti, scorrevoli e stilizzati appartenenti alle belles-lettres, i loro colleghi inglesi sembrano essere più concreti e precisi, conservando consapevolmente le tracce dell’alterità culturale (italiana/romana).

EN

The article deals with the problem of polysystem differences between Polish and English historical text dealing with Middle Ages. In the Polish literary tradition, the Renaissance poetics of translation favored free adaptations, totally independent of the originals. The British tradition of translation, codified at the end of the eighteenth century, did not allow paraphrase. On the contrary, translation should give a full transcript of the idea of the original text, while the style and manner of rendering should have the same character as in the original. As for the rhetoric of science, in the Polish language, it was first shaped by literary models of highly declensional Latin and then French models of purple prose. In the English language, scientific diction was based on inherent Germanic and Norman syntax-oriented models and openness to foreign patterns which was valued as a resistance against smooth reading and straightforward interpretations. The article analyses Henryk Samsonowicz’s introduction to Rozkwit średniowiecznej Europy [The Heyday of Medieval Europe] (2001) as well as the Polish translation of Chris Wickham’s Medieval Rome. Stability and Crisis of the City, 900–1150 (2015). The conclusion is that Polish and English scientific texts – not only those treating about Italy in the Middle Ages – belong to different genres. While Polish authors try to create linguistically transparent, smooth, and stylized essays belonging to belles-lettres, their English colleagues seem to be down-to-earth and precise, consciously preserving traces of cultural (Italian/ Roman) foreignness.

5

Trauma niewidzialności albo dlaczego literatura ukraińska nie ma Nobla?

63%

Skowron J.

Miscellanea Posttotalitariana Wratislaviensia

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2017

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vol. 6: TRAUMA KULTUROWA JAKO PALIMPSEST: (post)komunizm w kontekście porównawczym nowoczesności, totalitaryzmów i (post)kolonializmów

281-291

EN

The allegation that the absence of a Nobel Prize laureate among Ukrainian writers means that Ukrainian literature is underdeveloped is unfair and ignorant. This paper points to the reasons for the invisibility of Ukrainian literature in the world. Academic works in postcolonial studies and polysystem theory prove that literature is never isolated from politic, economic and social environments. Ukrainian literature used to develop in inimical environment; as Russian tsarist and totalitarian authorities oppressed Ukrainian writers, there was no infrastructure that would support Ukrainian literature and promote it abroad. Another issue is Western-centrism of the Swedish Academy. Statistics show that most of the laureates came from the countries of West Europe and the USA. Many times writers from the outlying areas of Europe (Russia, Poland, Greece, Switzerland) were awarded, but the rest of the world is almost invisible for the Nobel Committee. In conclusion, there is a short list of initiatives that are aimed at raising the profile of Ukraine and its culture in the world.

RU

Иногда украинской литературе закидают отсталость, чего доказательством служит отсутствие Нобелевской премии по литературе для украинского писателя. В этой статье изъявим причины невидимости украинской литературы в мире. Пользуясь постколониализмом и теорией полисистемы доказываем, что национальная литература никогда не изольована от политической, экономической и социальной среды. Украинская литература развивалась в неблагоприятной обстановке: русская царская и советская страна преследовала представителей украинской культуры. Известно, не было инфраструктуры, какая поддержала бы украинску литературу и выдвинула бы ее в мире. Другим вопросом становится европоцентризм Шведской академии. Статистики доказывают, что найболее лавреатов со стран Западной Европы и США. Иногда награждались писатели с близкой периферии как Россия, Польша, Греция или Швейцария, однако остальные районы мира почти невидимые для Шведской академии. В заключении статьи названы инициативы намерены исправить имидж Украины в мире и выдвинуть ее культуру.

6

Canonicity and (In)visibility of Polish American Literature

51%

Caputa S.

Polonia Journal

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2015

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issue 1-2

203-224

EN

According to Thomas Gladsky, Polish American literature was not of the main interest to scholars and “the New World culture and Old Country heritage of approximately fifteen million Americans of Polish descent are [probably] among multicultural America’s best kept secrets”. In this context, the question arises whether literature produced by the descendants of Poles in the United States is not worthy of scholarly attention only because literary works, which are labelled as ‘Polish American,’ lack sufficient artistic expression, or maybe they still remain unappreciated because canon, in the popular understanding of the word, on the one hand, seems to constitute the sphere of dynamic interactions between art and literature and, on the other hand, between discourses of politics and economy. Taking into consideration the polysystem theory, advocated by Itamar Even--Zohar, the author of the present paper addresses the question of visibility of Polish American literature in the context of the history of American ethnic literature(s) and the possibility of moving its position from the peripheries/margins to the centre.

PL

Według Thomasa Gladsky’ego, literatura polsko-amerykańska nie była głównym obszarem zainteresowań dla badaczy, a „kultura Nowego Świata wraz z dziedzictwem Starego Świata w przybliżeniu piętnastu milionów Amerykanów pochodzenia polskiego jest jednym z najbardziej strzeżonych sekretów wielokulturowej Ameryki” . W tym kontekście pojawia się pytanie czy literatura tworzona przez potomków Polaków w Stanach Zjednoczonych nie jest warta zainteresowania środowisk naukowych tylko dlatego, że dzieła literackie skategoryzowane jako „polsko-amerykańskie” cechuje ograniczony potencjał interpretacyjny, czy też dzieła te pozostają niedocenione dlatego, że kanon, w ogólnym rozumieniu tego słowa, z jednej strony jest obszarem dynamicznych interakcji literatury i sztuki, a z drugiej strony wiąże się z dyskursami polityki i ekonomii. Opierając się na teorii polisystemowej propagowanej przez Itamara Evena-Zohara autorka stara się wyjaśnić na czym polega fenomen (nie)widzialności literatury polsko-amerykańskiej w kontekście historii amerykańskich literatur etnicznych i analizuje możliwość znalezienia miejsca dla literatury polsko-amerykańskiej w centrum kanonu literatury amerykańskiej.

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1 Miscellanea Posttotalitariana Wratislaviensia

1 Perspektywy Kultury

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1 Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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1 Caputa S.

1 Jędrzejko P.

1 Marcinkiewicz P.

1 Osadnik W.

1 Skowron J.

1 Wegner M.

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