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EN
Representations of postcolonial African cities in contemporary literature, analysed from the perspective of postcolonial studies, allow the researcher to observe a number of phenomena: a polarization of attitudes towards the areas inhabited by literary characters, a dichotomous stratification of space, an awareness of the colonial past or deliberate actions suppressing reminiscences of colonialism, as well as the labile characteristics of the cities, with their transformations, degenerations and performativity (e.g. in the context of street names, or in the case of conceptualizing the boundaries of African countries during the Berlin Conference). These themes have been interpreted as part of a review of urban literary forms. The aim of the analysis was also to indicate the possibilities of further research on cities within postcolonial theory, which has hitherto focused rather on the issues of nativity and images of the village.
EN
Izabela Poręba in the paper Vis-à-vis pamięci narodu. Miasto postkolonialne – rekapitulacja stanowisk (Vis-à-vis the Memory of the Nation. Postcolonial City – Recapitulation) presents different ways of understanding the term “postcolonial city”. She analyses in this scope identity representations in urban spatial, ethical reservations considering adopting modal framework which was mentioned and relations between centre and periphery – designated due a to two-fold reference (inside and outside a country), which is distinctive for ex-colonial cities (and their inhabitants). Definitions of “postcolonial city” by Nausheen H. Anwar, Bill Ashcroft, Katie Beswick, Maya Parmar, Esha Sil, A.D. King, Agata Lisiak and David Simon discussed in the chapter allow to capture problematic nature of the term itself and its concretization as well. This problematic nature is one of founder stones of discursive marginality of urban themes compered to rural areas analysis. The author points out, recalling works by Irena Bukowska-Floreńska parallelism in the history of Polish ethnological studies, in which direct turn towards urban themes may be dated only in the second half of XX century. The aim of the chapter is to explain reasons of this disproportion in the field of postcolonial studies. The author recalls discourses concerning cities in methodological frame of postcolonialism and research findings from ethnology, anthropology (especially of the city), cultural theory and social-economic geography (human geography) and therefore extracts three arguments explaining the disproportion between city and nonurban areas analysis: 1) ethical assumptions connected with postcolonial methodology itself; 2) cognitive mistakes, which are leading to misbelief that there is not enough research material regarding cities in the countries of so called Third World (belief about their non-urbanization); and 3) distance from the position of recognition of a city as a “microcosm of the society” (signalized as the generalizing structure by Manuel Castells and Kacper Pobłocki). The author suggests twofold procedure in connection with depicted category: departure from theorizing about abstractive “postcolonial city” sui generis and at the meanwhile focusing our attention on urban themes in postcolonial studies at the level of praxis, for e.g. on analysis of specific, historically and geographically concretized spaces or literary transformations of these places.
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Budapeszt Miklósa Janscó

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EN
Miklós Jancsó, the foremost representative of the Hungarian cinema, who won international recognition with his modernistic historiosophic parables (like The Round-up, 1965) tended to situate his films on the Hungarian puszta for almost twenty five years, since 1963. In 1987 the director surprised his audience by setting the Season of Monsters (Szörnyek évadja) partially in the contemporary space of the Hungarian capital city, which has remained present in his films ever since. The spectacular interest in the metropolis in the times of the political transformation, reflected the author’s specific, postmodern, postcolonial world view. The topic of the article is the topography of Budapest in the films by Jancsó. 
PL
Od 1963 roku, przez niemal ćwierć wieku, ulubionym miejscem akcji filmów Miklósa Jancsó, czołowego twórcy kina węgierskiego, któremu uznanie na arenie międzynarodowej przyniosły modernistyczne przypowieści historiozoficzne (m.in. Desperaci, węg. Szegénylegények, 1965), była węgierska puszta. W 1987 roku Jancsó zaskoczył widzów, przenosząc częściowo akcję Sezonu potworów (Szörnyek évadja) do współczesnej, wielkomiejskiej przestrzeni stolicy Węgier, która od tamtej pory na dobre zagościła w jego kolejnych filmach. Owo spektakularne zainteresowanie metropolią w okolicach przełomu 1989 roku w wymowny sposób odzwierciedlało specyficzny, ponowoczesny, postkolonialny światopogląd autora. Przedmiotem rozważań w artykule jest topografia Jancsówskiego Budapesztu.
Porównania
|
2012
|
vol. 11
217-231
EN
Miklós Jancsó, the foremost representative of the Hungarian cinema, who won international recognition with his modernistic historiosophic parables (like The Round-up, 1965) tended to situate his films on the Hungarian puszta for almost twenty five years, since 1963. In 1987 the director surprised his audience by setting the Season of Monsters (Szörnyek évadja) partially in the contemporary space of the Hungarian capital city, which has remained present in his films ever since. The spectacular interest in the metropolis in the times of the political transformation, reflected the author’s specific, postmodern, postcolonial world view. The topic of the article is the topography of Budapest in the films by Jancsó.
PL
Od 1963 roku, przez niemal ćwierć wieku, ulubionym miejscem akcji filmów Miklósa Jancsó, czołowego twórcy kina węgierskiego, któremu uznanie na arenie międzynarodowej przyniosły modernistyczne przypowieści historiozoficzne (m.in. Desperaci, węg. Szegénylegények, 1965), była węgierska puszta. W 1987 roku Jancsó zaskoczył widzów, przenosząc częściowo akcję Sezonu potworów (Szörnyek évadja) do współczesnej, wielkomiejskiej przestrzeni stolicy Węgier, która od tamtej pory na dobre zagościła w jego kolejnych filmach. Owo spektakularne zainteresowanie metropolią w okolicach przełomu 1989 roku w wymowny sposób odzwierciedlało specyficzny, ponowoczesny, postkolonialny światopogląd autora. Przedmiotem rozważań w artykule jest topografia Jancsówskiego Budapesztu.
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