In the first part of the article the author gives a short historical outline of the problem; in the second one he discusses questions connected with the initiation in priestly functions and hierarchical differentiation (Levites and priests); and in the third one he presents information concerning priestly function and duties and emphasizes the priests’ services to the community of God’s people in the Old Testament. Controversial questions connected with the subject are presented in the footnotes.
A che cosa serve il sacerdozio all’interno di una società e in che cosa consiste il suo vero significato e la funzione? Il sacerdozio e i sacerdoti erano sempre uguali o si dovrebbe piuttosto parlare di una evoluzione di tale istituzione religiosa? Per poter rispondere a queste e ad altre domande faremo un percorso di quattro tappe. Cominceremo dalle religioni che si chiamano naturali, poi si fermeremo un po’ per domandarsi che cosa era il sacerdozio dell’Antico Testamento, quando è nato e quale era il suo ruolo. Poi passeremo al sacerdozio della nuova alleanza per verificare che cosa è cambiato al riguardo con la venuta di Cristo. Infine, prenderemo in considerazione l’evoluzione del sacerdozio dal tempo di Gesù fino ad oggi per vedere fino a che punto la chiesa è riuscita a rimanere fedele al quadro ideale del sacerdozio presente nel Nuovo Testamento.
Wills belong to the most valuable sources associated with the Old Polish funeral ceremony, from this for making a will all adult inhabitants of the old Republic of Poland were also obliged irrespective of the state, the sex and the function performed in the society (secular or clerical). This document mainly included the regulations concerning the funeral, property records, and also list of the liability and debts of the testator. Moreover in the will we can find piece of information about social relations and the attitude of the deceased to family, relatives, friends, neighbors, servants, or also lieges. According to the Canon Law clergymen the biggest and also the most valuable part of personal assets left to their church and the parish which they ordered. The dying priest also handed the considerable part of belongings over – for one's close family, journeymen and servants. Amongst written objects we can mention – devotional items, furniture, clothes, the underwear, the crockery, everyday articles, the livestock, or also farm tools. Objects mentioned in the will are attesting not only to the affluence of the testator, but also let get to know and understand determinants a daily presence of those people, as well as their emotions and mentality.
The forms of economic pressure of the Soviet state on clergy and religious communities as part of the Bolshevik famine strategy were analysed. Methodologically, the study is based on the principles of historism, objectivity, systematicity, as well as general scientific and historical methods. During the period of aggravation in social relations, provoked by the introduction of collectivization, the church and clergy were stigmatized by the Soviet authorities as class enemies and supporters of kurkuls. In 1932-1933, the economic pressure on the clergy became one of the tools for their liquidation «as a class». The article uncovers the forms of this economic pressure on the clergy and the church. It was found that the tax burden on the clergy was disproportional to their income, economically unreasonable and politically motivated. Representatives of all ranks suffered from the famine in the Ukrainian SSR. Financial situation of clerics of different denominations got significantly worse during 1932-1933.
Jan Długosz in his cards made a presentation of Annales…fifteenth century priest and reformer – Jan Kapistran. My purpose was to show the characteristic this person, something valued by chronicle writers. Długosz used different methods, to convince the reader about theconcepts of hero sainthood, for example descriptions such as: famous, reverend, smart-which come from the catalog, which were used by the author many times, symbolical, numbers – three, forty, a hundred, which enforce belief, that next to Jan amazing things are happening. Miracle making, prediction, healing, gift of tiers most appeared in this source biography. Comparing the preacher to St. Augustine strengthened the belief in the sanctity of the hero.
The article attempts to reconstruct various pastoral models that appeared in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church over several centuries. The author identifies several "images" of confession, which are very different, among them: the realization of "despotical" power in a "confessional" family of the sixteenth century, the fulfillment of conscription, deeply personal interaction based on mutual trust and the value of a hierarchical aspect, counseling under the guidance of a "parish elder". The state, depending on the circumstances, either embeds the pastor in itself as a necessary part of its own mechanism, or considers the priesthood as a foreign element, or completely distances itself from religious affairs. The author suggests that the “types” of confession presented in the article can be compared with the forms of pastoral self-consciousness to be found in the modern life of the church. This in turn suggests that in the Russian Church today is characterized by the search for pastoral identity, in which the priesthood plays a key role.
The article describes the present the situation in the Church in the Czech Republic in relation to the topic of sexual abuse of minors in terms of extension of cases, education in the topic, church documents and measures adopted and prayer initiatives. It also discusses the specific factors that make it difficult to accept the reality of the existence of sexual abuse of minors by clerics also in the Catholic Church in the territory of the Czech Bishops Conference.
The article describes the present the situation in the Church in the Czech Republic in relation to the topic of sexual abuse of minors in terms of extension of cases, education in the topic, church documents and measures adopted and prayer initiatives. It also discusses the specific factors that make it difficult to accept the reality of the existence of sexual abuse of minors by clerics also in the Catholic Church in the territory of the Czech Bishops Conference.
Aim. The main goal is to identify not only the religion of the Roma ethnic group, but also their relationship to God, and their experience of faith in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. In the contribution, the authors point to the perception of the personality of the priest as a spiritual shepherd, but also as a figure who leads them to a moral and Christian life. Concept. This scientific study thus points to the classic experience of spiritual life in various selected situations, and identifies the importance of a pandemic situation for a person’s Christian life. Methods. The study deals with several aspects of experiencing the spiritual life of the Roma community, and points out and identifies their thoughts about life during selected social activities. The authors point to important studies that show the connection between the pandemic situation and the issue of faith and religion in the Roma community. Results. The study confirms that the pandemic situation had an adverse effect on experiencing spiritual life in the Roma community, but we can state that Roma carry on their spiritual life despite all the measures in their individual, family community, with the support of other community members. and a priest. Conclusion. The scientific and professional contributions in this study point to the inner experience of spiritual life in the community through individual and family relationships, and the presence of a priest who is supposed to lead the Roma to a spiritual life in accordance with morality.
The author attempts to answer the question concerning whether or not philosophy is needed in seminaries. In light of his analysis, it can be concluded that philosophical studies for future priests are a serious alternative to the fideistic positions often adopted by Catholics. The presence of philosophy in the seminary curriculum is supported by: (1) the need for building intellectual foundations of the religious faith professed by a cleric; the faith which cannot do without reason and abstain from justifying the rationale of its content; 2) the need for introducing the alumnus to the mysteries of the classical philosophy of being which can equip him with a better understanding of human nature and the surrounding reality. In this way, the seminarian: (1) acquires a reasonable belief that the human mind is able to know the objective and universal truth, including the truth about God as the Ultimate Cause of all that exists; (2) is able to enter into an intelligent dialogue about the truth with an increasingly globalized world.
Article is devoted to Polish priests and religious bloggers. The author presents the results of a qualitative empirical research conducted among bloggers in Advent 2013. Analyzed was 247 notes from 27 blogs. By far the largest number of published posts at this time was devoted to considerations of all types to the Scriptures. In addition to reflections on the Word of God , there are also broader references to the main characters presented in the Liturgy of the Word of the day as well as those related to time of Advent retreat. A common theme was also an event of everyday life, very rarely occurred while controversial topics, such as the issue of gender, in vitro or abortion. The analysis of blogs has allowed the generalization that they are another forum for the exchange of thoughts and ideas, the first step to building a relationship with your readers and also a place to share faith and everyday life.
Wenn man den Hauptziel der Jesu Christi Mission, dh. Seines im Namen der Menschen und für die Menschen gebrachtes Opfers, in Betracht zieht, muss man sein ganzes Leben als ein grosses Geschehen seines Priestertums sehen. Desto vollkomener ist das Priestertum, jeder Priester näher seinem Opfer bleibt und je vortrefflicher es ihn selbst vertretet. Christus der Hohepriester hat sich mit seiner Opfergabe geradezu identifiziert und dank seiner Gottes-Sohnes Würde hat er ihr einen Wert des selbst von Gott gebrachten Opfers. Um die Lehre über das ein einziges neutestamesitliches Priestertum deutlicher darzustellen, hat Hbr auch einen Vergleich Jesu mit Melchisedek gemacht; das Jesu Priestertum ist in jeder Hinsicht unvergleichbar so in Anschaung auf den speziellen Charakter seiner Bürgschaft des neuen Bundes wie auch auf den göttlichen Eid, der die ewige Wirksamkeit seines Priestertums garantiert.
The article is devoted to Marian Dziamarski, a priest coming from Szadek. His life falls within a period of two world wars and the Polish-Soviet War (1919-1921) - a time which was very important for Polish history and, as many believe, also for the history of Europe. The basis for reflection on the life and activity of M. Dziamarski is his path to the priesthood and the way he fulfilled his vocation. M. Dziamarski participated in the struggle to preserve independence and fought about the shape of the eastern border of the Polish state. After completing education he served as a priest in the eastern territories of Poland. The last years of his life were in the period of occupation - the end of the Second World War brought his tragic death.
The maturity of the priests’ faith is closely related to his spiritual maturity, and his conscious participation in the Priesthood of Jesus Christ. In his relation to Jesus, the priest defines his identity, develops his bonds with God the Father and the Holy Spirit – that is with the Trinitarian God. Following Christ, the priest loves the community of the Church and all the people, as those for whom Christ died. The spiritually mature priest is capable of spiritual recognition to distinguish the inspiration of the Holy Spirit from the Satanic influences in his own heart, in the world and in the Church. Coming along the path of the faith means one has to trust and love God more and more, and accept the need for continuous growth.
The article consists of three parts. In the first part the author shows the peculiar way, in which the presbyter may attain holiness. It is the way of the ministry of God’s word, accepted along with the Holy Orders. Both the great dignity of the ministry of the word and the dignity of those, who perform this ministry properly, are discussed in the second part. The claims contained here are supported by statements uttered by great saints who are authorities in teaching. In the third part the truth is emphasized that holiness is attained not only through the pulpit or in the catechetical room – by passionately preaching God’s word, but through a diligent preparation of the homily or catechesis, and also through earlier being open to God’s word, through an earnest conversation with God by means of God’s words in the Liturgy of the Hours celebrated every day, and first of all through the testimony of a life utterly given up to God and to the neighbor.
This paper reflects the views of Catholic safeguarding coordinators (SCs) with regard to the inclusion of the polygraph in forensic psychological risk assessments that they have commissioned. The contents are derived from feedback forms sought of these instructing parties, relating to fifteen priests referred for assessment by SCs from eight different Catholic dioceses in England. The SCs responded to a post-assessment survey including a range of questions concerning their perceptions of the utility of independent, secularly organised, forensic psychological risk assessments undertaken during the period from January 2019 to December 2021. Feedback was obtained in relation to twelve of the clerics, with two SCs having left their positions during the period and as such, not avail able to provide feedback, and one SC not responding to the feedback request. Replies were received from SCs representing seven of the twenty-two Catholic dioceses in England. The overall survey results reflected that a significant majority of respondents positively connoted the value of independent secularly organised forensic psychological risk assessments. However, their expressed views about the polygraph in this context were more varied, thus prompting the authors to produce this separate paper.
Pastoral formation of the future priests needs renewal. The new Ratio Fundamentalis Institutionis Sacerdotalis published by the Congregation for the Clergy contains this demand. It indicates that for the formation of future priest it is necessary to refl ect on priestly identity. It follows that the seminary pastoral formation needs as its basis and purpose a current vision of the pastoral priestly identity. This article presents the issue of the pastoral priestly identity in the ontological, kairological and praxeolgical aspects.
PL
Kształcenie pastoralne przyszłych prezbiterów domaga się odnowy. Taki postulat zawiera w sobie nowe Ratio fundamentalis institutionis sacerdotalis wydane przez Kongregację ds. Duchowieństwa. Wskazuje ono, że formacja kandydata do kapłaństwa powinna odnosić się do tożsamości prezbitera. Wynika z tego, iż także seminaryjna formacja pastoralna musi za swoją podstawę i swój cel przyjąć właściwą wizję pastoralnej tożsamości prezbitera. Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie pastoralnej tożsamości prezbitera w aspekcie ontologicznym, kairologicznym i prakseologicznym.
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