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EN
The article reveals some effective ways of formation of future social workers professional culture to improve their professional training in the terms of university education. It analyzes the concept of «professional culture», especially its formation in the context of research training specialists in social work and it is known to be a complex structural formation, which is based on a conscious learning, continuous development and use of an integrated system of specialized knowledge and skills, values, professionally important qualities for highly professional work in the situations that require the mobilization of social work deep personal resources. The article defines the basic organizational, psychological and pedagogical conditions of professional students training in the specialty «Social work» with the characteristics of their professional culture, which is known to be based on the personality-oriented approach to learning. The scientific research has found that there are two main directions of professional culture – the formation of intellectual and developmental social mechanism in which training activity is characterized as a rich informative way of professional self and identity of professional formation and professional and the social forming mechanism in which the culture of a joint teacher-student acts is a totally new system in education, education cooperation, through which the students focus on constructive challenge to its operations and activity of the teacher. The article proves that the role of the student government is one of the most effective factors in the professional culture formation of the social worker in the terms of higher education, as the symbiosis of a targeted traditional lecture-seminar system and the student government will promote a professional culture formation of the future professional opportunities through the disclosure of the student’s opportunities, formation of his motives, professionally significant qualities at the level of a «teacher-student», «student-student», «student-employer», «student-the users of social services». The presence of high-level professional formation of professional culture is not a requirement but a necessity that triggered the current state of society. Therefore it cannot simplify the system special, narrow professional knowledge and skills. It is manifested through the unity of individual and personal and professional qualities of a professional degree possession of professional competence, social and professional mobility, which improves the social situation, the problems under conditions of joining the common European educational space.
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PL
Celem pracy jest zarysowanie tematu profesji i kultury profesjonalnej w teorii organizacji i zarządzania oraz ukazanie ich istotnej roli w życiu poszczególnych osób, grup społecznych i organizacji. Artykuł przedstawia również interpretację zagadnienia profesji i profesjonalizacji w zarysie historycznym. Mimo że badania nad profesją i kulturą profesji były prowadzone już sto lat temu, to dopiero w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku zaczęto postrzegać kulturę zawodową oraz kulturę organizacji jako ważne dziedziny nauki o zarządzaniu. Różnorodność kultur poszczególnych grup społecznych może następować poprzez wspólnotę wykonywanej pracy i pozycję społeczną [Znaniecki, 1921].
EN
This paper aims to outline the topic of profession and professional culture in the theory of organisation and management, and to emphasise their significant role in the lives of people, groups, and organisations. The author also presents an interpretation of profession and professionalisation from a historical perspective. Although research on profession and professional culture was already carried out one hundred years ago, it was only in the 1980s when professional culture and organisational culture came to be seen as important fields of management science. A diversification of the cultures of different social groups can be a result of shared work or the social position of their members [Znaniecki, 1921].
EN
It is generally known that the effectiveness of the system of higher education in Ukraine largely depends on the professionalism of the teaching staff. Professional development of teachers makes effective their activity by means of which public policy is implemented – the strengthening of the intellectual and spiritual potential of the nation, the development of science, the conservation and increasing of cultural heritage. The better the teacher is aware of his high role, understands the requirements for his personality, the harder he is working at them. This is the key to his professional success. Considering the problem of teachers’ professional growth, we will proceed with the concept developed by the prominent psychologist, K. Platonov. According to this concept in the personality structure there are reflected the general, special and individual (personal) qualities that form four substructures, which are arranged in a pyramid, at the bottom of it there are biologically stipulated qualities, at the top of it there are socially stipulated ones. We’d like to note that the general personality traits include political, moral, strong-willed, legal, aesthetic, etc., which form the basis of individual consciousness of the individual. The personal traits include individual experience and professional activity. The individual qualities include: individual characteristics of mental processes, the peculiarities of the types of higher nervous activity and temperament, as well as some physical data relevant to teaching work. Of course, no less important are the mental processes and characteristics: flexibility, critical and insightful mind; emotional sensitivity and responsiveness; volitional features, the ability to influence others and so on. Without these qualities there does not exist a teacher as it is impossible to develop thinking and to teach that human who has no these qualities, whose qualities are not developed; a weak-willed or infirm teacher cannot influence on pupils’ willful traits. Consequently, the training of the new generation of the teaching staff, who would have all the above mentioned qualities and meet the requirements of the professional formation, involves the implementation of the vocational training of a high school teacher. The ability of a teacher to a successful professional becoming in today's society depends on the professional self-development; the understanding of the factors that facilitate or hinder the establishment of professionalism and capabilities to overcome the preventive factors and solve problems; the evaluation of their professional activities; the degree of satisfaction with the vocational training, etc.
EN
On the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis of the main conditions for the creation of technologies, methodological requirements for the development of the process, the criteria for manufacturability are analyzed. The scientific substantiation of technology of development of professional culture of the heads of the out-of-school education institutionsin postgraduate pedagogical education as a system of logically sound operations aimed at achieving a certain goal diagnostically is given. The content and structural characteristics of the technology of professional culture of the head of the out-of-school education institutionsin the system of postgraduate education, methods of implementation of the process in terms of courses in management and inter-evaluation period are revealed. Meaningful implementation of the concept of “technology” reflects the focus of research, including teaching, radical improvement of human activity, increasing its effectiveness, instrumentality, and technicality. Understanding the technology as a scientific description of the means and methods of pedagogical process, which leads to the planned expected results, helped design the process of development of a professional culture of the head of the out-of-school education institutionsin the system of postgraduate education, which is based on a clearly defined diagnosed purpose, its means of implementation, broken down into the constituent elements of the process of achieving the projected results. In general, this technology is presented as a succession of states, stages of development, a set of actions necessary for the system of purposeful activity of employees of institutions of postgraduate education for the development of professional culture of heads of the out-of-school education institutions. Implementationofthe technology of developmentofprofessionalculture of the heads of the out-of-school education institutionsinpostgraduateeducationwill become the resource of itsmodernization.
EN
The article is devoted to the place of a professional culture in the modern science. The aim of the article is to analyze and to find main approaches to the term “professional culture” in a scientific world; to determine the constituents of a future professional’s culture. The phenomenon of professional culture was analyzed by many leading specialists in the sphere of sociology, economic sociology and sociology of culture (N. B. Krilova, N. P. Lukashewich, D. Markevich, G. M. Socolova). In the structure of professional culture it is possible to select a culture ethics, economic, political, legal, informative, which naturally with the different degree of perfection fill maintenance of professional culture of the representatives of different professions. But for the representative of a certain profession each of the adopted components may play a decision role, or have a second-rate value. Under the criteria of forming of the professional culture of a specialist substantial signs which testify to achievement of that or other level of formation of professional culture of a specialist are considered. A level is a degree of formation of a professional culture, a certain result of development; criteria are measuring devices of levels. Between them dynamic connection is certain, if to expose it, it is possible to produce the most optimum system of criteria. Professional moral is the phenomenon that specifies common to all mankind moral values (norms, principles, concepts) in concrete professions. The features of professional moral are studied by professional ethics. When it is talked about professional ethics, we mean such moral duties, in which attitude of a representative of a certain profession is reflected toward the object, to the colleagues in a profession, to the partners, to society on the whole. Professional activity must be directed at the achievement of two aims: individual and public ones, which are in co-operation. It develops the business, and it assists development of the society. For the labor the person must get a good pay, be held in respect, and feel that people value his professional talent. Then a man will feel satisfied with life. And, on the opposite, dissatisfaction can result in subzero lines of the professional activity. Understanding it, many companies, firms, organizations take measures in relation to creation in the collectives of such moral psychological climate, which would be instrumental in professional growth of the workers, establishment of confiding relations, in intercourse between colleagues, attention to the official etiquette of the workers.
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