Gaston Bachelard discuss the problem of the rationality of scientific thinking in terms of epistemological obstacles. In book The Formation of the Scientific Mind philosopher characterizes scientific attitude as an attempt to eliminate the impact of affective images on thinking, which is possible in the process of psychoanalysis of objective knowledge. Bachelard indicates positive model for science: an abstract thought, constructing their own research subjects. Only a constantly renewed cognitive effort can become a source of new ideas.
Artykuł stanowi kontynuację analizy badań, których opis zamieszczony został w niniejszym wydawnictwie w artykule Różnice w rozwiązywaniu problemów fizycznych przez nowicjuszy i ekspertów (Wcisło, Błasiak i inni). Przedmiotem analiz są różnice w rozwiązywaniu problemów matematyczno-fizycznych między nowicjuszami a ekspertami. Wykorzystując rezultaty tego samego eksperymentu z wykorzystaniem technologii eye-trackingowej, lecz stosując inną metodologię badań, przedstawiamy dalsze analizy wyżej wspomnianych wyników. Poszukujemy przyczyn tak dużej liczby błędnych odpowiedzi do zadania. Odpowiadamy na pytanie, czy wiedza potoczna stanowi pomoc, czy przeszkodę w rozwiązaniu tego zadania. Twierdzimy, że przyczyna słabej rozwiązywalności zadania tkwi głębiej – w przeszkodach epistemologicznych związanych z rozumieniem pojęcia funkcji oraz w sposobie wykorzystania wiedzy potocznej i szkolnej, a także w umiejętności utrzymania tzw. dyscypliny myślenia.
EN
The paper presents a further analyses of the research results described in the article Differences in Solving Physics Problems by the Beginners and Experts(Wcisło, Błasiak et alt., here). It also focuses on differences among experts and non-experts in answers to the same science multiply problem with the only one correct answer. Using the same eye-tracking technology but alternative approach to the data analysis we try to find out the reasons of choosing wrong answers by the majority of study participants. We pose the question: Is the everyday life experience an aid or an obstacle to solve a science problem? The research results seem to provide the answer. The crux of solving that kind of problems successfully are: discipline of thinking, overcoming epistemological obstacles connected with understanding the notion of function and the proper usage of the everyday life experience and school knowledge.
The aim of the article is to analyse the relation between the mind and imagination as the main issue of Gaston Bachelard’s book The Psychoanalysis of Fire. The book was published in 1938 and originated Bachelard’s research on the poetic imagination; however, it extended the research into another project of this French philosopher which he refers to as psychoanalysis of objective cognition. That is why The Psychoanalysis of Fire is a unique book among Bachelard’s achievements – two subjects of the research are connected there: scientific cognition and poetic imagination, which in the further years of Bachelard’s activity are separated. In the context of the article’s main aim, there appears also an interesting theme of psychoanalytic inspiration, introduced by Bachelard to his philosophy in two of his works published in 1938, one of which is The Psychoanalysis of Fire itself.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.