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„Słowa zapomniane, słowa zdradzone”. Poezja XX wieku: remedium czy zapis aleksytymii?

100%
Kolarzowa R.
Estetyka i Krytyka
|
2011
|
issue 1(20)
87-104
EN
Contemporary interdisciplinary research on human emotions makes questionable for good one of the key axioms of cognition: the axiom of autonomy and the primacy ratio. The weaker version by those research thesis of the autonomy of reason are “suspicious”. These suspicions cannot be treated similarly to the “Freudian suspicion”. Cognitive studies, focused on cognitive processes, including the processes of memory (and memory function), have demonstrated both disturbingly close (with the traditional perspective) correlation between the “irrational” and “rational” and the indispensability of “irrational” for the functioning of the “rational”. Couldn't be considered that these studies do not exist it would be ignoring a significant part of modern knowledge about man. The results of this knowledge to make us reflect a new on the basic insignia, and hierarchies, in force in our culture. By those studies much of it appears to be a “alexithymic culture”... and it is not indifferent either to individuals or communities. Nor for the humanity sciences: if the passions and emotions, traditionally are placed below reflection, are directly related to what and how we learn, what and how we remember, finally, as We recall (and if We remember)... then the question of Maria Janion: do you know that you eperienced? loses the melancholy figure, becomes a dramatic question.
2

Containing Otherness Through Rational Detection: Feminine Characters in Arthur Conan Doyle

88%
Emadi E. M.
Gender Studies
|
2012
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vol. 11
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issue 1
316-322
EN
The present paper is intended to focus on the feminine characters in The Hound of the Baskervilles and The Sussex Vampire. Starting from the analysis of imagery in these two texts I shall exemplify traits of the complex process of encoding otherness
3
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Harbingers of the Civilization of Rational Abundance

88%
Gulczyński M.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
|
2011
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vol. 29
9-38
PL
Ekologiczne bariery wzrostu gospodarczego i Trzecia Wielka Depresja są postrzegane najczęściej tylko jako zagrożenie. Twierdzę, iż mogą i winny być traktowane jako szansa przezwyciężenia kryzysogennego modelu cywilizacji rozrzutności i militarnego ekspansjonizmu, przez wykreowanie i wdrażanie wyższego stadium postępu: cywilizacji racjonalnego dostatku. Są już zwiastuny takiego wygrywania kryzysu - nie tylko w wirtualnych pomysłach i projektach, lecz i w realu. Taki postęp wymaga zmian nie tylko w ekonomice, lecz także w politycznych stosunkach – demokratyzacji pojmowanej nie tylko jako prawo do współdecydowania, lecz także jako obowiązek współodpowiedzialności za społeczne i ekologiczne skutki decyzji ekonomicznych i politycznych.
EN
Ecological barriers to economic growth and the Third Great Depression are usually only seen as a threat. I argue that they can and should be treated as an opportunity to overcome the model of civilization of wastefulness and military expansionism, by creating and implementing a higher stage of progress: a civilization of rational sufficiency. Premises of such progress are now visible – not only in the virtual ideas and projects, but in the real innovations. Such progress requires changes not only in economics but also in political relations – democracy understood not only as the right to co-decision, but also as a duty of responsibility for social and ecological consequences of economic and political decisions.
4

Ethical Decision Making During Disasters

88%
Kalajtzidis J.
Human Affairs
|
2015
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vol. 26
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issue 1
18-25
EN
Neither in theory nor in practice does there exist a single model of decision making. It is very difficult to identify a model, or models, which would be most useful during and after a disaster. Within the disaster timeframe (a difficult and complex situation), specific moral dilemmas arise. All the decision making theories tend to be associated with different assumptions about human nature, the quality of the decisions made and the manner in which they are made. Different assumptions may result in different tools being used and subsequently different consequences. The paper will provide a general introduction to the ethical decision making model, and will suggest two ways in which decisions in ethics might be made. The paper will try to deepen the discussion, and suggest answers to questions such as which type of ethical decision making is better in a specific situation such as a disaster? Is there any need to use a different decision making model (from an ethical point of view) in a disaster than in another event? Nonetheless, the article does not provide explicit solutions to these questions, since providing them would require further investigation than is the aim of this paper.
5
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Рациональное и мифологическое в сознании героя Ф. М. Достоевского

75%
Ельницкая Л.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
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2010
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issue 3
69-79
EN
The article considers two types of consciousness, which are typical of Dostoyevsky's heroes. The first type searches for support in human mind. However, individualism of the modern person leads him to revolt against the world, and gives rise to solitude and isolation in the "underground". Such rational thinking creates deadly deadlock to the existence of the human. The second type of consciousness is mythological. It is also connected with the inevitability of death which is, however, a condition of the subsequent revival and the rebirth, allowing the person to see the world differently.
6
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"ШКОЛА СТАРОСТИ" В НАСЛЕДИИ ЯНА АМОСА КОМЕНСКОГО

75%
Марчукова С.
Conversatoria Litteraria
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2017
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vol. 11
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issue XI
397-409
RU
The article is devoted to the basic provisions and the current value of the doctrine of the "school an old age" in Comenius heritage. For the study indicated problems the author uses the methodological principle of trinity, designed to help achieve a balance between the rational, emotional and intuitive aspects of knowledge. The semantic field of the system are considered the triad of three works of Comenius, Labyrinth of the World and Paradise of the Heart, Pampediya and The only thing you need.
7

ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПРОЯВУ ЕМПАТІЇ У СТУДЕНТІВ ТВОРЧИХ ПРОФЕСІЙ

75%
Лариса Д.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2017
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issue 2(66)
58-70
EN
The article is devoted to investigation of features of manifestation of empathy in students of creative professions. Attention is focused on the relevance of studying of the phenomenon of empathy as a universal ability not only to successful mastering of the creative professions, but also to better adaption to the knowledge society. The analysis of literature has shown that studying the phenomenon of empathy has a long history. The attempts to reveal the notion of empathy go back in time to antique philosophers and they are still relevant in the modern conditions. The phenomenon of empathy plays a key role in understanding the world by a person, in effective interaction of the pedagogical process, psychological and psychiatrical help, as well as in making the work of Arts. The psychological teaching of the specialists of the mentioned directions is mostly aimed at academic knowledge and is almost left behind the practical skills. The aim of the article is to tackle the peculiarities of empathy manifestations among the students of creative professions. It has been shown that empathy has cathartic properties in the process of psychological support and the perception of works of art. The fact that a certain level of empathy belongs to the students of pedagogical university what is proven by empirical research has been emphasized. But there are statistically significant differences in the manifestation of empathy components among students of different pedagogical fields. It has been proved, that the activity of psychologist-consultant is creatively determined. Statistically significant correlation between intuitive channel of empathy and such personal traits as conservatism – radicalism and practicality – imagination, rational channel and emotional resistance has been shown. There is correlation between emotional channel of empathy and such characteristics as sociability, sensitivity, trust and goodwill. It has been found out, that the students of creative specialization differ from other students of pedagogical training areas by more distinctive intuitive and emotional channels of empathy. The results of mastering of the theoretical knowledge and practical analysis of achievements argue to suggest empathy to be not only necessary but a very difficult skill for educational and creative activities.
8
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Dokonywanie wyboru usługi edukacyjnej na poziomie wyższym – ujęcie teoretyczne

51%
Piróg D.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
|
2017
|
vol. Volume 31, Issue 3
204-219
PL
Sektor usług edukacyjnych na poziomie wyższym w warunkach gospodarki rynkowej dynamicznie się powiększył. Jednocześnie prognozy liczebności populacji potencjalnie zainteresowanej kształceniem się w szkolnictwie wyższym w Polsce dowodzą, że będzie ona spadała. Zjawisko to niesie za sobą realne zagrożenie niemożności dalszego funkcjonowania wielu kierunków studiów. W obliczu niekorzystnych trendów demograficznych uczelnie podejmują szereg przedsięwzięć, których celem jest utrzymanie liczby rekrutowanych studentów na względnie zadowalającym poziomie. Jedną z uznawanych obecnie za kluczową strategię optymalizacji prorynkowych działań szkół wyższych jest rozpoznanie mechanizmów podejmowania decyzji o dalszym kształceniu się, motywów wyboru danej uczelni oraz kierunku studiów przez młodych ludzi. Badania wskazują, że taka diagnoza umożliwia i w instytucjonalnej sferze funkcjonowania uczelni, i w aspekcie programowo-organizacyjnym planowanie reform, które skutecznie przyczynią się do wzmocnienia jej pozycji na rynku usług edukacyjnych. Warunkiem realizowania naukowo rzetelnych i aplikacyjnie wartościowych badań czynników wpływających na decyzje edukacyjne młodzieży jest przygotowanie teoretycznych ram do planowania konkretnych empirycznych procedur badawczych. Przegląd publikacji naukowych wskazuje, że obecnie nie ma w literaturze polskiej całościowego opisu mechanizmów preferencji i motywów wyboru usługi edukacyjnej na poziomie wyższym. Celem autorki artykułu jest przedstawianie wyników badań literaturowych, dotyczących teorii wyborów edukacyjnych, stanowiących postawy do zrozumienia mechanizmów procesu podejmowania decyzji tak o podjęciu studiów wyższych w ogóle jak i wyboru ich charakterystyk (uczelnia, kierunek).
EN
The educational services sector in higher education has grown rapidly in the times of the market economy. At the same time forecasts say that future interest in higher education will decline. Consequently, there is a real hazard that numerous degree programmes will have to be closed down. In the face of such an unfavourable demographic situation, higher education institutions engage in strategies aimed at maintaining a steady number of enrolled students. One such strategy includes investigating what drives young people to continue their education at a university level, what their motivations in choosing a given university or a particular degree programme are. Research suggests that knowing mechanisms governing such decisions is conducive to planning reforms at higher education institutions – both in terms of their operations and curriculum. Reforms can in turn successfully reinforce the institution’s position on the educational services market. In order to conduct academically sound and practically useful research into factors which influence the educational decisions of young people, one needs to develop a theoretical framework that will be utilised to plan specific empirical research procedures. The conducted literature review indicates that there are currently no publications in Poland that would thoroughly describe mechanisms and motives behind choosing education services at a tertiary level. The objective of the current study is to present literature concerning theories of educational choices. This discussion can be then used as a foundation towards understanding the mechanisms behind decisions taken by young people, e.g. whether to pursue university education at all, where to study and which degree programme to pick.
9
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‘Rational’ and ‘reasonable’ in the context of John Rawls’s thought

45%
Kleszcz R., Kleszcz R.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
|
2021
|
issue 4
10

Rozumowanie per analogiam w prawie precedensowym: dwa ujęcia analogii

32%
Koszowski M.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2015
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vol. 25
|
issue 1
7-41
EN
Apart for the concise presentation of the rule-based model of binding judicial precedent, this article describes two basic accounts of analogical reasoning in precedential law. The first account has been named: the factual model and the second: the rational model. This terminology was adopted due to the fact that judgment of similarity within the factual model is deemed to be a direct result of the very facts of the cases being compared, or of the unfathomed mystical workings of human intuition (emotions) or the outcome desired for the case at hand. The rational model, in turn, is based upon the notion of precedential reasons and casual facts, which are the facts that are relevant in the light of such reasons. Dependence upon these two notions makes the rational model more predictable and explicable. In certain circumstances, however, analogy to proceeds needs therein some additional factors which do not stem from the gist of that model. The factual model, unpredictable though it may seem to be, is faster and apt to provide us with just, or socially desirable, conclusions, especially when utilized by a person of a great legal knowledge and experience. Two other possible accounts of analogical reasoning in precedential law, i.e. the principle-based model and the proportional model, have been rebutted. The reason is: lack of analogical pattern of thinking involved and serious difficulties in its forensic application respectively.
PL
Oprócz zwięzłego przedstawienia modelu precedensu z reguł w artykule zostały opisane dwa podstawowe ujęcia (modele, koncepcje) rozumowania per analogiam w prawie precedensowym. Pierwsze z nich zostało nazwane faktualnym, a drugie racjonalnym. Terminologia ta jest podyktowana tym, że w ramach modelu faktualnego do ustalenia istotnego podobieństwa między porównywanymi stanami faktycznymi dochodzi za pośrednictwem, nie do końca dostępnej dla ludzkiego poznania, intuicji tudzież emocji albo rezultatu, jaki – z jakichś innych przyczyn – pożądany jest w danym przypadku. Natomiast zgodnie z założeniami modelu racjonalnego podobieństwo to jest stwierdzane poprzez odwołanie się do pojęcia „precedensowych racji” oraz „faktów sprawczych” sprawy precedensowej i odpowiedników tych faktów w sprawie, której skutki prawne chcemy poprzez sięgnięcie do rozumowania z analogii dopiero określić. W efekcie sposób stawiania ostatecznych konkluzji jest w tym ujęciu prawniczej analogii bardziej przejrzysty i przewidywalny. Drugie natomiast, faktualne ujęcie takiej analogii, poza tym, że pozostaje bardziej tajemnicze („mistyczne”), zdaje się w większym stopniu umożliwiać sędziom wydawanie sprawiedliwych, w ich mniemaniu lub w mniemaniu społeczeństwa, rozstrzygnięć, zwłaszcza gdy ten, kto stawia wnioski per analogiam, jest osobą odznaczającą się dużą wiedzą prawniczą i doświadczeniem życiowym. Oprócz modelu faktualnego i racjonalnego w artykule została przedstawiona również koncepcja, która sprowadza rozumowanie z analogii do proporcji (A:B jest jak C:D), oraz takie ujęcie wnioskowania a simile, w którym o wystąpieniu istotnego podobieństwa przesądza nie podobieństwo między faktami porównywanych spraw, lecz sama możliwość objęcia tych faktów jakaś ogólną zasadą (regułą).
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