Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  request
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
PL
The paper’s objective is to study the linguistic characteristics of a request, to indicate and describe the obligatory and facultative segments of a text as well as the constitutive elements of this act of speech adapted to specific conditions of network communication. The material has undergone philological analysis with the use of the tools of linguistic genology and textology. On the basis of individual examples, the most important components of this part of speech realized in virtual space have been defined – in the structural and pragmatic dimensions.
Prawo
|
2017
|
issue 322
101-113
EN
Scientific work explains the procedure for changing the name on the basis of administrative law. Initially, it refers to earlier regulations and historical traditions. Subsequently, it describes the current concepts in Poland, indicating that the most important piece of legislation on this issue is the Act of 17 October 2008. To change the name, which plays a fundamental role in determining, for example on the subjective and objective scope of the Act, as also presenting a catalog of positive evidence, which must be met in order, first or last name may have been changed. Most importantly, the re­search work analyzed the concept of „valid reasons” that must exist for the applicant to be able to rule on his case had been positive. The whole work was crowned substantial completion, assessment of the current regulation, as well as the indication of conduct for effectively applying to change the name or surname.
EN
This contribution is a part of a pilot study on the mutual perception of politeness standards in Poland and in the Netherlands. In an online survey, we asked native speakers of Polish and Dutch to evaluate twenty utterances in terms of politeness. In the next step, the participants were asked to choose a term that, in their view, suits the evaluated utterance: is it, for example, a request, an order or maybe a suggestion? We examined how the respondents perceive the illocutionary force of different subtypes of directive speech acts in an informal context and whether there is a relationship between politeness and speech act names. The results show that there is a difference in how the Polish and Dutch respondents perceive the illocutionary force of speaker-controlled directive speech acts. However, there seems to be no link between the illocutionary force and the syntactic form of the evaluated utterances. The choice patterns of terms seem rather to be motivated by modality markers.
EN
The principle ne eat iudex ultra petita partium, that is let the judge does not go beyond the demands of the parties is nowadays recognized as a prohibition of judicial over the demand. This principle is not literally confirmed in the texts of Roman law. It comes from later studies referring to this law. In modern law, this sentence is an expression of one of the basic and at the same time the most important rules of adjudication and the guarantee of the implementation of the principle of availability in the civil process. The rule is the right to initiate a civil trial and to determine the limits of the legal protection sought are vested in the legitimate entity. In turn, it is expressed in the fact that the court is not allowed to initiate the trial without the party’s claim it is not allowed to decide on the object that was not covered by the request or award more than the request. In order to discuss the title issue in the paper, the genesis of that principle and then the historical and legal evolution of the Polish legal regulations related to this principle was briefly presented in the paper, in order to present briefly the form which the Polish legislature gave in the Code of Civil Procedure.
PL
Zasada ne eat iudex ultra petita partium, czyli niech nie wychodzi sędzia ponad żądania stron ujmowana jest współcześnie jako zakaz orzekania przez sąd ponad żądanie. Zasada ta nie znajduje dosłownego potwierdzenia w tekstach prawa rzymskiego. Pochodzi ona z późniejszych opracowań nawiązujących do tego prawa. W prawie współczesnym sentencja ta jest wyrazem jednej z podstawowych i zarazem najważniejszych zasad orzekania oraz gwarancją realizacji w procesie cywilnym zasady dyspozycyjności. Zasada ta bowiem wskazuje na to, że uprawnienie do wszczęcia procesu cywilnego oraz do wyznaczenia granic poszukiwanej ochrony prawnej przysługuje uprawnionemu podmiotowi. Co z kolei wyraża się w tym, że sąd nie może wszcząć procesu bez wniosku (pozwu) strony, nie może orzekać co do przedmiotu, który nie był objęty żądaniem ani zasądzać ponad żądanie. W celu omówienia tytułowego zagadnienia w artykule przybliżono w pierwszej kolejności genezę tej zasady, następnie ewolucję historycznoprawna polskiej regulacji prawnej odnoszącej się do tej zasady, aby w końcu krótko przedstawić kształt, jaki tej zasadzie nadał ustawodawca polski w kodeksie postępowania cywilnego.
PL
Artykuł opisuje szereg zagadnień związanych z nauczaniem gatunku prośby po polsku w środowisku rosyjskojęzycznym. Autorka podkreśla, że mimo bliskości języków, duża liczba pozornych podobieństw w zakresie wyrażania prośby w rzeczywistości okazuje się różnicami: funkcjonalnie wyraz proszę wcale nie jest tożsamy ze swoim odpowiednikiem słownikowym w języku rosyjskim. Jednocześnie autorka stwierdza, że istniejące podręczniki języka polskiego jako obcego (jpjo) w sposób konsekwentny nauczają tylko jednego sformułowania prośby, które – po dokładniejszej analizie – nie przedstawia się już zasadniczo jako uniwersalne i neutralne. W końcowej części artykułu proponowane są różne drogi do przyzwyciężenia zaistniałej tendencji i urozmaicenia kształtowanego u uczniów zasobu formułek grzecznościowych z zakresu wyrażania prośby.
EN
The article deals with the issues of teaching the genre of the polite request to Russianspeaking students. The author underlines that in spite of the fact that Polish and Russian are rather close to each other while being the Slavonic languages, there still remains more differences than similarities in this domain. For example, there is no absolute similarity between the Polish proszę and the Russian прошу. The author analyzes the textbooks for teaching Polish as a second language and arrives to the conclusion that most of them teach only one type of the request formula, which proves to be not as neutral and universal as we used to think. The final part of the article contains the author‟s suggestions concerning the ways to introduce more diverse formulas of the Polish polite request to the material being taught.
EN
The goal of the paper is to present analysis of a personal apology letter with formal features written by Ukrainian examinees during the Examination of the Czech Language for Permanent Residence in the Czech Republic. The study does not present a complex analysis of the letters, but it concentrates on selected linguistic phenomena tied up to the functions of an introductory greeting, apology from a meeting and proposal of a new meeting, expression of farewell. The investigation presented in the paper aims to (1) make an inventory of linguistic means used by non-native speakers to achieve the task given, (2) analyse their use and to (3) compare the results with those reported on the basis of a similar analysis conducted on a native speakers’ corpus. It seeks to answer the following questions: (1) What type of means do non-native speakers use to express the communicative functions under the interest? (2) What is the frequency of the means? Does it create any pattern of the interlanguage? (3) How do the non-native speakers express the function in comparison to the native speaker use? The corpus built for the analysis consists of letters selected during the Examination of the Czech Language for Permanent Residence in the CR in years 2013–2014. The participants selected were the Ukrainian native speakers, all living and working in the Czech Republic for 5 years at least. There are 141 letters finally included into the corpus. The letters were written on the basis of a short printed verbal and visual prompt in an essay examination. The same task was given to a group of native speakers. This group included 23 Czech native speakers of various age, level of education and occupation. We analysed the letters of this group at the same way as the letters of the examinees, the result served as the prototype of the Czech native speakers and allowed the comparison and the frame for description of variants in the learners’ language.
EN
It is through the participation of the faithful in the sacramental liturgies of the Church that salvation is accomplished. The faithful, desirous of a supernatural relationship with God, through their own life experience endeavor to actively translate into practice the mystery of Christ’s salvific grace. For this reason, the words pronounced by the person when first requesting the grace of any sacrament, either for themselves or on someone else’s behalf, find their full justification when repeated during the actual ceremony. Intentional request for the concession of any sacrament, which enables a personal participation of Christ’s grace, is a result of Christian faith, and activates a conscious and fruitful participation in the redeeming sacrifice of Christ.
PL
Dla ludzi wierzących udział w liturgii sakramentów Kościoła posiada swoją wyraźną celowość zbawczą. Wierni, pragnąc nadprzyrodzonej relacji z Bogiem, swoją postawą starają się zabiegać o czynne uskutecznienie w ich życiu Chrystusowego misterium zbawienia. Wobec tego uzasadnionymi pozostają słowa prośby, jakie podczas celebracji poszczególnych sakramentów wypowiada ubiegający się lub proszący o sakramentalną łaskę. Zamierzona prośba o udzielenie sakramentu, który umożliwia osobowe partycypowanie w Chrystusowej łasce, wynika z doświadczenia wiary chrześcijanina i warunkuje jego świadomy i owocny udział w Chrystusowym dziele zbawienia.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.