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Umění (Art)
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 5
417-439
EN
This article will, on the basis of previously unpublished drawings, follow the efforts of the architect Pietro Nobile (1776–1854) to implement Neoclassical plans for the Königswart chateau and show the connection of the Königswart projects with earlier designs for the Rhineland residence Johannisberg. For the first time in the history of writing about this Neoclassical building, attention is drawn to a previously unknown experiment with cast-iron and zinc architectural elements used in the building of the Königswart residence. The theoretical starting point is Nobile’s idea of ‘great architecture’ (1820), which he formulated in connection with a design, today unknown, for a Triumphal Arch for Prague. But, until now the question of the principals used by Nobile when designing and teaching his pupils at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts remained unanswered. Fortunately, however, an exemplar of bound prints entitled Systematische Studien über das Schöne und Charakteristische in der Civil- Architektur (ca. 1837), dedicated by Nobile to his patron Prince Metternich, has been discovered in the collections of the state chateau in Königswart. The album contains only illustrations, but unlike similar collections of Nobile’s prints in Italy and Switzerland, it is divided into seven chapters bearing titles written by the architect himself. The author of the article attempts to explain the meaning of Nobile’s textbook using another manuscript, which was published a year earlier as reflections on the concept of beauty in the publication Reminiscenza di una rapida corsa a Baina, comitato di Gran, in Ungheria nel Mese di giugno del anno MDCCCXXXVI. In this brochure Nobile expounds the aesthetic principles of the Italian theoretician Francesco Milizia (1725–1798). Milizia’s doctrine accepted the dichotomy that architecture was both an art and science, a concept that strongly influenced Nobile. All the facts argued in the article prove that around 1830 Neoclassical architecture gained strong new impulses, which made it possible to work with the classical theory of the Five Orders as a tool of technological innovations.
CS
Článek sleduje na základě dosud nepublikovaných kreseb úsilí architekta Pietra Nobileho (1776–1854) o prosazení neoklasicistních plánů zámku Kynžvartu a ukazuje spojení mezi kynžvartskými projekty a dřívějšími návrhy pro porýnskou rezidenci Johannisberg knížete Klementa W. L. Metternich-Winneburga (1773–1859). Poprvé v historii psaní o neoklasicismu v Čechách upozorňuje článek na neznámý experiment s litinovými a zinkovými architektonickými prvky použitými při stavbě kynžvartské rezidence. Teoretické východisko Nobileho práce představuje idea „velké architektury“ (1820), kterou formuloval v souvislosti s dnes neznámým návrhem pro triumfální oblouk v Praze. Dosud však zůstávala nezodpovězena otázka, podle jakých zásad Nobile tvořil a učil své žáky na vídeňské Akademii výtvarných umění. Naštěstí se podařilo ve sbírkách státního zámku Kynžvart nalézt exemplář svázaných tisků nazvaný Systematische Studien über das Schöne und Charakteristische in der Civil-Architektur (asi 1837), který Nobile věnoval svému ochránci knížeti Metternichovi. Album obsahuje pouze ilustrace, ale na rozdíl od podobných konvolutů Nobileho tisků v Itálii a ve Švýcarsku, jsou rozdělené do sedmi kapitol, jejichž nadpisy formuloval sám Nobile. Autorka interpretuje Nobileho učebnici s využitím jeho textu, o rok dříve publikovaného jako Reminiscenza di una rapida corsa a Baina comitato di Gran in Ungheria nel Mese di giugno del anno MDCCCXXXVI. V něm Nobile rozvíjel estetické principy italského teoretika Francesca Milizii (1725–1798). Miliziova doktrína přijala dichotomii architektury jako uměleckého i vědeckého díla, což silně Nobileho ovlivnilo. Všechna tato fakta zhodnocená v článku dokazují, že kolem roku 1830 získala neoklasicistní architektura nový silný impuls, který umožnil pracovat s klasickou teorií pěti sloupových řádů jako s nástrojem technologických inovací.
EN
The subject matter of the article concerns the standardisation of the legal concepts of “Domicile” and of “Residence” in the Resolution (72) 1 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 18 January 1972. The first part of the article presents the nature and the content of the resolution and its annex containing “rules” concerning both concepts. The resolution is not a legally binding instrument and its goal is to influence interpretation of the key legal concepts of “domicile” and of “residence”. The resolution has indented to provide for a unification of these concepts. The next part of the article includes remarks regarding the impact of the resolution on the national legislators and doctrine. The emphasis is put on the role of the concept of “domicile” and “residence” as connecting factors in private international law. The effect of the resolution is discussed in the light of the tendencies of the time, especially standpoint of the Hague Conference on private international law on the use the concept of domicile and the meaning of the term habitual residence.
EN
The study summarizes the results of the previous research of a residential court that was created by the Dowager Queens Barbora Celská and Johana of Rožmitál at the Castle in the Dowry Town of Mělník. It describes the clerical and representative components of a residential courtyard headed by a court marshal and a court hofmister, reveals and compares the activity of the Mělník‘s office of both dowager queens and shows the court as an administrative center. The main difficulty for the court was the lack of financial resources, which was easier for Dowager Queen Johana to cope, despite her much greater political engagement.
4
Content available remote

Dvůr krále Jiřího ve světle současného poznání

88%
EN
The Court of King George in Light of the Current Knowledge: The paper recapitulates the state of the treatment of the sovereign court of George of Poděbrady, briefly reminds the reader which sources are available and in the end discusses the individual themes associated with the court: the prosopography of the courtiers, chancellery, celebrations and patronage. It states mainly the little treatment of the personnel composition of the court society.
EN
The article concerns former residences in Poland and their contemporary use as museums. The authors present the history of Polish residences, the development of museums in castles, palaces and manor houses, their spatial distribution and the relations between the type of building and that of the museum collection.
EN
The study deals with the representation of Prague’s New Town in the Late Middle Ages. The intellectuals connected with the municipal office derived the identity of the town from the person of its founder – Emperor Charles IV. The town scribes and preachers called Prague’s New Town the “residential town of Emperor Charles”. The study’s author progressively handles several questions. He first deals with the term stolice (stool – residential town) and its use in medieval Czech. In the second part of the study, examples are mentioned of the relations between the royal residence and the town. The third part of the study deals with the royal representation in the urban milieu and the political communication of Prague’s New Town, which had to defend its economic, legal and power independence from Prague’s Old Town.
Turyzm
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2009
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vol. 19
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issue 1-2
43-50
EN
The article concerns former residences in Poland and their contemporary use as museums. The authors present the history of Polish residences, the development of museums in castles, palaces and manor houses, their spatial distribution and the relations between the type of building and that of the museum collection.
EN
From the times of Vladislaus II Jagiello (1456–1516) the residence in Prague Castle had two parts. After a costly refurbishment, the Old Royal Palace was adapted as the King’s seat and a new palace was built for the Queen by the White Tower on the west side of Prague Castle. Later it became the residence of Queen Anne Jagiello (1503–1547), wife of Ferdinand I, and after her death, in 1547, it became the residence of the second-born, Bohemian Governor Archduke Ferdinand II. Although not much has survived after numerous reconstructions, one can get a rough idea of its extent and furnishings on the basis of several fragments, written sources and iconography.
PL
A Forgotten Town, the Village and Manor Zwanowo. Contribution to the Studies into Late Mediaeval and Modern Settlement Complex in Niedźwiedziny (Hamlet Dzwonowo), Administrative District Wągrowiec, Great Poland. The article presents a preliminary interpretation of vegetation dissimilarities recognized due to the analysis of an orthophotomap published on the Internet site www.geoportal.gov.pl. The dissimilarities in question, visible in the grounds of the village of Niedźwiedziny (hamlet Dzwonowo), administrative district Wągrowiec, Great Poland (Wielkopolska), have been construed as the remains of a unique mediaeval settlement complex: oval-shaped village, chartered town and a mediaeval (?) and modern manor. During visits to the abovementioned sites, the area of the old churchyard cemetery was traced. On the basis of the written sources, it has been established that Dzwonowo was the main centre of the joint properties owned by Dobrogost – Poznań voivode, and subsequently his descendants.
EN
This study offers an explication of the circumstances under which Prague was incorporated after the election of Ferdinand I as King of Bohemia and Hungary 1526 into the emerging Habsburg monarchy, and an outline of its initial economic and political potential. The prime focus is on theses that characterise on the basis of the existing literature and newly explored sources the status of the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia within the emerging network of Habsburg rulers’ residences in Central Europe. In the last part the author attempts to outline the main features of the development of Prague in 1526–1564 as a consequence of the ruler’s influence on the city and his court’s sojourn in it.
13
Content available remote

Zvíře v reprezentaci Habsburků počátkem novověku

51%
EN
The study sets out to present the changing roles of animals in Habsburg residences and courts in the long epoch from the end of the 15th to the beginning of the 17th century with partial time overlaps and in a wider comparative context of selected residences of other European rulers. At the same time, it strives for the inclusion of animals in the representative and propaganda activities of the Habsburgs. Last but not least, it attempts to draw attention to interpretation-bearing research topics, the desirable research of which in the Habsburg residences is inconceivable without a European comparative framework. The author has paid attention to the hunting of wild animals, which was carried out by the Habsburg rulers in the Renaissance and Baroque periods. He has also dealt with methods of obtaining and training horses at the Habsburg residences. The exotic animals in the menageries of Maximilian II and Rudolph II as well as their symbolic importance in the propaganda of the Habsburgs and the dramaturgy of court festivities were not neglected in the study. At least partial attention was focused on the breeding of birds of prey, Galliformes (landfowl), and hunting dogs. Deeper understanding of the changing role of animals in Habsburg residences and courts requires comparative research of the sparsely preserved written and iconographic sources and an interdisciplinary approach anchored in the historical-anthropological concepts of one of the streams of contemporary animal studies, with the awareness that the historical actor will remain mankind, not the animal kingdom.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zostały zaprezentowane w formie edycji źródłowej dwa inwentarze pałacu arcybiskupów lwowskich obrządku łacińskiego w Obroszynie. Poddano je analizie i opatrzono aparatem naukowym. W swojej treści zawierają one informacje na temat wyglądu i organizacji całego założenia pałacowo-parkowego, a także wyglądu zewnętrznego, układu pomieszczeń oraz wyposażenia samego budynku pałacowego. Dodatkowo zawarte są w nich obszerne wykazy egzotycznych roślin hodowanych w oranżerii. Warto też zaznaczyć, że publikowane dokumenty wypełniają istotną lukę w historii pałacu w Obroszynie. Nigdy też wcześniej inwentarze te nie były publikowane.
EN
This article presents two inventories of the Lviv Archbishop of the Latin Rite in Obroszyn in the form of a source edition. They were analysed and labelled with back matter. Their content includes information about the design and organization of the entire palace/park establishment, as well as external appearance, floor plan and furnishings of the palace. In addition, they contain extensive lists of exotic plants grown in the orangery. It is also worth noting that the documents in this publication fill a significant gap in the history of the palace in Obroszyn. Never before have these inventories been published.
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 4: Historia Kościoła
75-90
XX
Kaplice pałacowe, występujące dawniej w większości rezydencji europejskich, pozostają wciąż zagadnieniem na ogół mało znanym i rzadko stanowią temat odrębnej analizy naukowej. W odniesieniu do polskiej sztuki nowożytnej badanie owych specyficznych przestrzeni, stojących na styku sacrum i profanum, jest szczególnie utrudnione z uwagi na niewielką ilość materiału zabytkowego, jaki dotrwał do naszych czasów. Jak pisał Mariusz Karpowicz, nie posiadamy dziś ani jednej w pełni zachowanej XVIII-wiecznej rezydencji. Brak wiedzy o tym ważnym elemencie programu nowożytnego pałacu, jakim była kaplica, musi być uzupełniany w inny sposób. Jedną z metod badawczych, pozwalających na naświetlenie zjawiska kaplic pałacowych, jest analiza stanowiska Kościoła katolickiego, na ogół niechętnego funkcjonowaniu i tworzeniu zamkniętych miejsc kultu w świeckich rezydencjach. W artykule przedstawiono zarówno recepcję ustaleń Tridentinuum w kwestii prywatnych kaplic, jak i ograniczenia tej kwestii, nakładane z inicjatywy polskich hierarchów kościelnych.
PL
Artykuł jest ogólnym przeglądem źródłowej dokumentacji, która przetrwała do naszych czasów i która pokazuje różne obszary działalności klasztoru. Dokumenty fundacyjne stanową cenne źródło do badań nad historią klasztoru i rozwojem monastycyzmu w regionie. Znane są: czas i miejsce sporządzenia protokołów i rejestru oraz życiorysy ich autorów. W artykule przeprowadzono porównanie protokołów wizytacyjnych dla różnych lat w celu określenia zmian w statusie klasztoru oraz przebiegu jego kasaty. Wyróżniono i opisano części strukturalne dokumentów. Na podstawie protokołów wizytacyjnych odtworzono zarys zabudowań klasztornych. Można mieć pewność co do źródeł dochodu klasztoru. Artykuł zawiera również typologię dokumentacji finansowo-majątkowej. Informacje z protokołów wizytacyjnych zostały zestawione z informacjami z innych dokumentów, w szczególności z opisami inwentarzowymi. Źródła przedstawione w artykule to cenny materiał do badania historii i kultury klasztorów bazylianów.
EN
The article is a general overview of source documents which have survived to this day and which illustrate the various areas of the monastery’s activity. The foundation documents constitute a valuable source for the study of the history of the monastery and monasticism in the region. The time and place of the compilation of the reports and the register as well as biographies of the compilers are known. The author of the article carries out a comparison of the visitation reports for different years in order to determine changes in the status of the monastery, and to determine the course of its dissolution. In addition, he distinguishes and provides a general description of the structural parts of the documents. On the basis of the visitation reports he reconstructs the layout of the monastery buildings. We can be certain as to the monastery’s sources of income. The article also contains a typology of financial and property-related documents. Information from the reports is confronted with information from other documents, in particular inventory descriptions. The sources presented in the article constitute valuable material for the study of the history and culture of Basilian monasteries.
PL
W artykule bada się wartość wnętrz hoteli i przedsiębiorstw gastronomicznych w zależności od kulturalnych, socjokulturalnych i socjopsychologicznych warunków.
EN
In the article explored functional combination the «residence-feed» in modern hotel-restaurant establishments. Actualization of picture is explored of aesthetic value of subject-spatial environment of interiors of hotel-restaurant establishments and their dependence on cultural, socio-cultural and socio-psychological terms, domestic pragmatists.
RU
В статье исследуются функциональное сочетание «проживание-питание» в современных гостинично-ресторанных заведениях. Исследовано актуализацию представления об эстетической ценности предметно-пространственной среды интерьеров гостинично-ресторанных заведений и их зависимости от культурных, социо-культурных и социо-психологических условий, бытовой прагматики.
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